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Rate controlling

Sjitgren, Rate Control in Drug Therapy ChurchiU Livingstone, Edinburgh, 1985, pp. 38—47. [Pg.151]

H. A. ]. Stmyker-Boudier, ed., Rate-Controlled Drug Administration and Action, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla., 1986. [Pg.151]

Reaction 1 is the rate-controlling step. The decomposition rate of pure ozone decreases markedly as oxygen builds up due to the effect of reaction 2, which reforms ozone from oxygen atoms. Temperature-dependent equations for the three rate constants obtained by measuriag the decomposition of concentrated and dilute ozone have been given (17—19). [Pg.491]

Film thickness is an important factor iu solvent loss and film formation. In the first stage of solvent evaporation, the rate of solvent loss depends on the first power of film thickness. However, iu the second stage when the solvent loss is diffusion rate controlled, it depends on the square of the film thickness. Although thin films lose solvent more rapidly than thick films, if the T of the dryiug film iucreases to ambient temperature duriug the evaporation of the solvent, then, even iu thin films, solvent loss is extremely slow. Models have been developed that predict the rate of solvent loss from films as functions of the evaporation rate, thickness, temperature, and concentration of solvent iu the film (9). [Pg.334]

The above mechanism, together with the assumptions that initiator decomposition is rate controlling and that a steady state in chain radicals exists, results in the classical expressions (eqs. 8 and 9) for polymerization rate, and number-average degree of polymerization, in a homogeneous, [Pg.436]

Computer controls are likewise used for stove operation, to control deUvery of the hot blast. High hot blast temperatures are generally desirable, as these reduce the coke rate. Control of the flame temperature in the raceway is effected by controlled additions to the hot blast, primarily of moisture. Injectants into the tuyeres such as coal, oil, and natural gas are often used to replace some of the coke. The effect of these injectants on flame temperature must be accounted for, and compensation is performed by lowering moisture or adding oxygen. [Pg.420]

Absorption of Nitrogen Oxides. There have been numerous studies and reports on the reaction mechanisms and rate-controlling steps for the absorption of nitrogen oxides into water (43—46). The overall reaction to form nitric acid may be represented by equation 14, where Ai/298 K kJ/mol ofNO consumed. [Pg.43]

These reactions occur as low as 200°C. The exact temperature depends on the specific hydrocarbon that is nitrated, and reaction 8 is presumably the rate-controlling step. Reaction 9 is of minor importance in nitration with nitric acid, as indicated by kinetic information (32). [Pg.35]

Under natural conditions the rates of dissolution of most minerals are too slow to depend on mass transfer of the reactants or products in the aqueous phase. This restricts the case to one either of weathering reactions where the rate-controlling mechanism is the mass transfer of reactants and products in the soHd phase, or of reactions controlled by a surface process and the related detachment process of reactants. [Pg.214]

In a study of oxidation resistance over the range 1200—1500°C an activation energy of 276 kj/mol (66 kcal/mol) was determined (60). The rate law is of the form 6 = kT + C the rate-controlling step is probably the diffusion of oxygen inward to the SiC—Si02 interface while CO diffuses outwards. [Pg.465]

The equations of combiaed diffusion and reaction, and their solutions, are analogous to those for gas absorption (qv) (47). It has been shown how the concentration profiles and rate-controlling steps change as the rate constant iacreases (48). When the reaction is very slow and the B-rich phase is essentially saturated with C, the mass-transfer rate is governed by the kinetics within the bulk of the B-rich phase. This is defined as regime 1. [Pg.64]

Triphenylphosphine oxide [791-28-6], C gH OP, and triphenyl phosphate [115-86-6], C gH O P, as model phosphoms flame retardants were shown by mass spectroscopy to break down in a flame to give small molecular species such as PO, HPO2, and P2 (33—35). The rate-controlling hydrogen atom concentration in the flame was shown spectroscopically to be reduced when these phosphoms species were present, indicating the existence of a vapor-phase mechanism. [Pg.475]

Chemistry. Free-radical nitrations consist of rather compHcated nitration and oxidation reactions (31). When nitric acid is used in vapor-phase nitrations, the reaction of equation 5 is the main initiating step where NO2 is a free radical, either -N02 or -ON02. Temperatures of >ca 350° are required to obtain a significant amount of initiation, and equation 5 is the rate-controlling step for the overall reaction. Reactions 6 and 7 are chain-propagating steps. [Pg.35]


See other pages where Rate controlling is mentioned: [Pg.48]    [Pg.284]    [Pg.577]    [Pg.662]    [Pg.2728]    [Pg.334]    [Pg.206]    [Pg.14]    [Pg.202]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.405]    [Pg.88]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.212]    [Pg.43]    [Pg.236]    [Pg.485]    [Pg.232]    [Pg.233]    [Pg.54]    [Pg.563]    [Pg.147]    [Pg.339]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.246]    [Pg.455]    [Pg.412]    [Pg.310]    [Pg.125]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.335]    [Pg.352]    [Pg.521]    [Pg.142]    [Pg.144]    [Pg.144]    [Pg.146]   


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Acid temperature control flow rates

Acid temperature control heat production rates

Activation-controlled rate constants

Addition rate control

Adsorption or desorption rate-controlling

Adsorption-rate controlling, reaction kinetics

Atrial fibrillation ventricular rate control

Bioremediation, rate-controlling processes

CMP removal rate uniformity control

CONTROLLED TRANSFORMATION RATE THERMAL ANALYSIS (CRTA)

CRTA-controlled rate

Catalysis adsorption rate controlling

Catalysis surface reaction rate controlling

Characterisation rate-controlling step

Charge transport rate controlling factors

Chemical and physical factors controlling transport rate

Chemical rate control

Chemical reaction rate controlled proces

Constant decomposition rate control

Constant rate control

Control Micro growth rate and

Control experiments in rate measurements

Control of Fuel-Flow Rate

Control of boil-up rate

Control of dilution rate increase in continuous culture

Control of heart rate

Control of reaction rates

Control of the Deposition Rate

Control rating code

Control the Reaction Rate

Control valves materials and pressure ratings

Control valves unknown flow rate

Control volume rate of change in mass

Control yaw rate sensors

Controllable flow rate pump

Controlled Rate, Thermal Analysis (CRTA

Controlled rate thermal analysis

Controlled rate thermogravimetric

Controlled rate thermogravimetric analysis

Controlled rate thermogravimetry

Controlled transformation rate

Controlled transformation rate thermal analysis

Controlled-rate dispensing

Controlled-rate methods

Controlled-transformation-rate thermal

Controlling factors on the reaction rate

Controlling of the Electrochemical Reaction Rate by Electrode Potential and Cell Current

Controlling rate factor, determination

Corrosion rate factors controlling

Crystal growth rate control

Data rate control

Degradation control over rate

Degree of Rate and Catalyst Control

Degree of rate control

Deposition rate, control in thin-film

Determination of the Rate-Controlling Step

Diffusion control rate equations

Diffusion control rates

Diffusion control, of rate

Diffusion control, transport rate constant

Diffusion controlled encounter rates

Diffusion controlled limit as rate-limiting step

Diffusion controlled rate constants

Diffusion controlled rate constants of the hydrated electron

Diffusion controlled rate, triplet carbenes

Diffusion controlled reaction rates

Diffusion controlling the sorption rate

Diffusion rate controlled process

Diffusion rate controlling

Diffusion rates, control of reaction

Diffusion rates, control of reaction kinetics and transport

Diffusion rates, control of reaction properties

Diffusion systems, rate control by means

Diffusion-controlled bimolecular rate constant

Diffusion-controlled falling rate of drying

Diffusion-controlled limit on reaction rate

Diffusion-controlled model kinetic rate

Diffusion-controlled rate

Diffusion-controlled rate constant determination

Diffusion-controlled rate constant general discussion

Diffusion-controlled rate constant reactivity

Diffusion-controlled reaction rate constant

Diffusion-controlled reactions, activation rate data for

Dissolution rate control

Drug release rate from parenteral controlled

Drying air flow rate control

Dynamic rate controlled method

Electron transfer, activation control rate constant for

Encounter control of reaction rate

Encounter rate and diffusion control

Encounter-controlled rate

Energy controlled rate constant

Enzymes rate-controlling

Event rate in the control group

Execution rate, digital controller

Factors Controlling the Rate of Photochemical Degradation

False discovery rate control

Five steps rate controlling

Flow rate control system

Flow rate controller

Flow rate, control

Frame rate control, Gray levels

Gas transport rate-controlling

Gas/liquid/solid systems rate-controlling steps

Geometric and diffusion control rate

Geometric and diffusion control rate equations

Grain strain rate controlling

Growth rate diffusion-controlled

Heart rate control

Heart rate, control parasympathetic

Heart rate, control sympathetic

Heat transfer control of sorption rate

Heating-rate-controlled sintering (

Heterogeneous electron transfer control of rate

Heterogeneous systems rate-controlling steps

Infusion rates control

Insulin rate-controlling membrane

Intercalation rate-controlled process

Interface rate control

Kinetic Studies chemical reactions, rate controlling

Kinetic Studies rate control

Kinetic control, transport rate constant

Kinetic parameters determination and rate-controlling step

Kinetic rate equations, diffusion control

Kinetic rate-controlled regime

Kinetic rate-controlled regime equations

Kinetically controlled reactions rate constants

Kinetically controlled reactions rate of reaction

Kinetics, solvent extraction rate controlling mechanisms

Loss Control Institute International Safety Rating System (ISRS)

Macropore rate-controlling step

Mass transfer rate controlling steps

Mass transport control on reaction rates

Melt flow rate controlled rheology

Membrane rate control

Micropumps controllable flow rate pump

Mod. rate control

Models Based on a Rate-Controlling Step

Multiplicity and error rate control

Multiplicity false discovery rate control

No Rate-Controlling Step

Osmotic delivery systems, rate controlled

Overall rate law diffusion control

Perturbation of the Inlet Flow Rate and Control

Pharmacology, Rate-Controlle

Phase Equilibrium and Reaction-rate Control

Polymer matrix system diffusion-controlled release rate

Polymerization a diffusion-controlled propagation reaction on the rate

Polyolefins with controlled rates of biodegradation

Potentially Rate-Controlling Steps

Process monitoring/control technologies flow rates

Protein synthesis, rate of initiation, control

Quality control feed rate adjustment

Rate Controlled by the Charge Transfer Step

Rate Equation Under Mass Transfer Control

Rate constant activation control

Rate constant diffusion control

Rate constant diffusion-controlled, reactive

Rate constant for) diffusion controlled reactions

Rate constant, for diffusion controlled

Rate constant, for diffusion controlled specific

Rate constants for dispersion-controlled reactions

Rate control

Rate control

Rate control change in, with temperature

Rate control crystal growth in solution

Rate control degree of: Campbell

Rate control mineral dissolution

Rate control of product distribution

Rate control or limiting

Rate control temperature effect

Rate control therapy

Rate controlled

Rate controlled process models

Rate controlled process models pore diffusion

Rate controlled process models solid film

Rate controlled processes

Rate controlled sintering

Rate controlled synthesis

Rate controlling factor

Rate controlling process

Rate controlling step

Rate controlling step, in vibrational energy

Rate heat transfer controlled

Rate kinetics controlled

Rate mass transfer controlled

Rate mode, controllers

Rate of degradation , control

Rate of reaction diffusion controlled limit

Rate of reaction transport control

Rate of synthesis , control

Rate processes controlling factors

Rate-control regime

Rate-controlled constrained equilibrium method

Rate-controlled drug release

Rate-controlled membranes

Rate-controlled porosimetry

Rate-controlled processes, dependence

Rate-controlled processes, dependence surface structure

Rate-controlled reaction

Rate-controlled release, dispersed system

Rate-controlled sorption model

Rate-controlled sorption model for

Rate-controlled sorption transport model

Rate-controlled stage

Rate-controlling elementary step

Rate-controlling mechanisms

Rate-controlling membrane

Rate-controlling polymers

Rate-controlling reactions of bacterial

Rate-controlling regimes, for heterogeneous reactions

Rate-controlling state

Rate-controlling step, and acid—base catalysis

Rate-controlling step, chain reaction sequence

Rate-controlling step, chelate formation

Rate-controlling steps first-order reaction

Rate-controlling steps identification

Rate-controlling steps second-order reaction

Rate-controlling steps surface reaction

Rate-limiting diffusion control

Rate-of-drying, process control

Rates activation-controlled

Rates control / and Eyring

Rates of reactions, controlling factors

Rates of reactions, controlling factors Arrhenius energy

Rates of reactions, controlling factors biological systems

Rates of reactions, controlling factors concentration

Rates of reactions, controlling factors concepts

Rates of reactions, controlling factors diffusion

Rates of reactions, controlling factors energy barriers

Rates of reactions, controlling factors homogeneous systems

Rates of reactions, controlling factors steric requirements

Rates of reactions, controlling factors temperature dependence

Rates of reactions, controlling factors viscosity

Reaction controlling factors on rate

Reaction rate constant for diffusion control

Reaction rate controlled by diffusion through solid

Reaction rate controlling factors

Reaction rate-controlling step

Reaction rates controlling

Reaction rates, diffusion controlled limit

Reactions Controlled by the Rate of Electron Transfer

Reactive spheres diffusion-controlled rate

Reactor design rate controlling steps

Rotation-rate control box

Shrinkage rate controlled sintering

Size enlargement, equipment and practice controlling granulation rate processes

Strain rate apparatus to control and measure

Surface Reactions with Rate-Controlling Steps

Surface diffusion rate controlled proces

Surface reaction rate control

Surface reaction rate-controlling

Surface-controlled dissolution, rate law

Temperature Control with Bottoms Flow Rate

Temperature Control with Distillate Flow Rate

Temperature Control with Reflux Flow Rate

Temperature control and reaction rate

Temperature controller rate term

Temperature rate control

Theory of rate constants for diffusion-controlled reactions

Thermodynamic control, transport rate constants

Transdermal patches rate-controlling membrane

Transport control, on reaction rates

Transport rate, control of crystal growth

Transport-controlled rates

Weed control seed rates

Ziegler polymerizations control of polymerization rate

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