Conducting the Investigation

Types of Ground-Water Quality Investigations Conducting the Investigation... 

One of the most sensitive tests of the dependence of chemical reactivity on the size of the reacting molecules is the comparison of the rates of reaction for compounds which are members of a homologous series with different chain lengths. Studies by Flory and others on the rates of esterification and saponification of esters were the first investigations conducted to clarify the dependence of reactivity on molecular size. The rate constants for these reactions are observed to converge quite rapidly to a constant value which is independent of molecular size, after an initial dependence on molecular size for small molecules. The effect is reminiscent of the discussion on the uniqueness of end groups in connection with Example 1.1. In the esterification of carboxylic acids, for example, the rate constants are different for acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, but constant for carboxyUc acids with 4-18 carbon atoms. This observation on nonpolymeric compounds has been generalized to apply to polymerization reactions as well. The latter are subject to several complications which are not involved in the study of simple model compounds, but when these complications are properly considered, the independence of reactivity on molecular size has been repeatedly verified. 

Further details and specialized information on the mechanisms, product qualities, and proce.sses applied to the heating of coal in solvents can be found in the abundant literature [20]. What follows are some of the results of research conducted at West Virginia University, where investigations of the conversion of coal into pitches suitable for graphite production have been carried out... 

An investigation of the mechanism of adhesive failure of polydimethylsiloxane elastomers was conducted [75]. The study showed that the total adhesive failure energy could be decomposed into energies for breaking chemical bonds, breaking physical bonds and deforming the bulk viscoelastic elastomer. 

The addition of hydrogen fluoride to acetylene has been widely investigated because the initial product, vinyl fluoride, is a commercially important monomer Acetylene reacts with hydrogen fluoride in the liquid phase in the absence of catalyst to give vinyl fluoride and 1,1 -ditluoroethane in modest yields [7 ], but better results are achieved by conducting the addition with various additives or catalysts... 

The method is well-structured and provides clear, standardized procedures on how to conduct an investigation and represent the incident process. Also it is relatively easy to learn and does not require the analyst to have a detailed knowledge of the system under investigation. However, the method alone does not aid the analyst in identifying root causes of the incident, but rather emphasizes the identification of the propagation of event sequences. This is an important aspect of developing a preventive strategy. 

J. J. Thomson (Cambridge) theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases. 

To understand the unpredictable nature of the Pictet-Gams reaction, Hartwig and Whaley conducted the first mechanistic studies in 1949. Their work focused on substituent effects when directly attached to the ethylamine side chain. They also investigated a variety of dehydration agents in order to identify optimal reaction conditions. It was determined that formation of the isoquinoline structure was virtually impossible when alkyl or phenyl substituents were placed in the 4-position of the ethylamine side chain. 

Similar alloys have been investigated theoretically more and more in the last years LiSi [9], CsPb [10], MgBi [11]. Such previous investigations on the conductivity of alloys were based on simulation data for only one composition. We analyze, for the first time, by means of computer simulation, the strong variation of the conductivity with concentration - ranging from metallic to semimetallic behaviour. 

J.J., as Thomson was commonly called, received the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physics in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations of the conduction of electricity by gases . He was knighted in 1908, received the Order of Merit in 1912 and was successively President of the Physical Society, the Royal Society and the Institute of Physics. 

Hoeppner pointed out that until the early 1970s, most investigators conducted fatigue tests utilising rotating bending, flat plate bending or... 

Systematic investigations of the electro-conductivity of niobium-containing fluoride and oxyfluoride melts were not performed. Some measurements were performed on the molten mixtures KCl - K2NbF7, KCl - KF - K2NbF7 by... 

Moreover, in the case of hydride intervention, still a further factor, namely the kinetics of hydrogen diffusion into the metal, influences also the overall kinetics by removing a reactant from a reaction zone. In order to compare the velocity of reaction of hydrogen, catalyzed by palladium, with the velocity of the same reaction proceeding on the palladium hydride catalyst, it might be necessary to conduct the kinetic investigations under conditions when no hydride formation is possible and also when a specially prepared hydride is present in the system from the very beginning. 

If the proplnt is double-base, it has been observed that even the most stable propints bleach methyl violet paper in much shorter periods than one year. Investigations conducted by P.F. Macy at Picatinny Arsenal (Ref 4) showed that diphenylamine-stabilized doublebase proplnts in service storage at about 30°, may be considered of satisfactory stability if they do not cause complete bleaching of 0.1 N methyl violet paper in one month or less. Such proplnts always show satisfactory stability when subjected to the 65.5° Surveillance Test. It was observed at the same time, that double-base proplnts which had deteriorated, but were not yet hazardous, took from 11 to 24 days to bleach methyl violet paper at 30°... 

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