Project planning components

In terms of anthropogenic stress (the effect of human activity on other organisms), there is a need for the identification and evaluation of the potential impacts of proposed projects, plans, programs, policies, or legislative actions on the physical-chemical, biological, culmral, and socioeconomic components of the... 

For large systems with many components, a validation project plan can be created... 

Determining and documenting how a PEC-based system is going to be validated, in the form of a Validation Plan, is an integral element of the validation life cycle. A Validation Plan defines the strategy for establishing an appropriate level of documentation to demonstrate that a PLC-based system functions in a manner consistent with its specification and does not in any way impair product safety, quality, and efficacy. A Validation Plan should be produced for all validation projects. The components of a Validation Plan should include the following ... 

Develop plan for Phase II of project. Determine components requiring prototyping and/or advanced modeling/simulation in Phase II. 

We have already established that the undertaking of a CRM project should be conducted in a controlled and logical manner. Importantly the project should be carried out not in isolation but as an integrated component of the general product lifecycle or implementation. For these reasons wider project plans should contain explicit references to the CRM activities especially in the Project Initiation Document (PID). 

At an early stage in the project planning it is necessary to carefully define the scope of the system or module under examination. Limiting and articulating the scope is necessary to define the boundaries that have been applied to the analysis. More importantly, this formalises those system entities which have not been subject to analysis. The safety case will therefore say nothing about the clinical risk associated with those components outside of that defined boundary. By instituting boundaries early on in a project one is able to more accurately size the target and define the resources and timescales necessary to complete the task. 

The second document is the QA Project Plan , a technical document that specifies the QA and QC requirements for each project. The plan specifies any QA/QC activities required to achieve the data quality goals of the project. It describes how all data are assessed for precision, accuracy, completeness, comparability, and compatibility (components of data quality criteria and objectives). The QA Project Plan further requires that all data generated be thoroughly documented, and be in sufficient detail to permit unambiguous evaluation of project results. 

The field sampling QA/QC manual is also a component of the QA Project Plan and must provide guidance on policy and procedures. This manual will contribute to the quality of the data generated. 

In order to utilize the ETBA in the performance of the system safety analyses listed above, certain essential data are required for evaluation. For example, if the ETBA is to be performed on a specific manufacturing facility, then the analysis should begin with an examination of completed facility drawings. If the ETBA is concerned with a specific project, or a newly designed piece of manufacturing equipment, the project plans and schematics must be evaluated. It should be noted that the level of detail required is dependent on the analysis itself. Development of a preliminary hazard list will not require extensive detail and evaluation, whereas an ETBA in support of a subsystem hazard analysis will meticulously analyze the project to the component level and detailed drawings will, therefore, be required. 

In summary there are two components to the load placed on the project team the load of producing initially defined information (document production, follow-up, inspection activities, and associated reporting), and the load of changing or adding to the information and its basis as the need arises. Some components of the latter may be anticipated and allowed at the project planning stage, others may not (or can not) be anticipated. 

Data quality objectives (DQOs) are a critical component of any project requiring the extensive collection of raw and analytical data. This was especially so with this project due to the extensive field sampling campaign (including the collection of a large number of critical field data parameters) and the importance to the health and safety of a large number of employees involved in the project sponsor s gas operations. To support this effort a detailed Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) was developed to inform and guide the project team so that data of the required quality would be produced and a clear protocol for the acceptance/rejection of data was provided. 

As the workplace becomes more technological, the importance of proactively assessing the HF impacts of change becomes paramormt (Benel and Benel, 1998). Arty change to the workplace should assess the impact of the change on the human operators and the systems within which they operate. Optimally, this HF assessment should be done before implementation. This prehminary HF assessment is therefore an integral component of every project plan. 

If services are concerned, the planning hours have to be verified. Alternatively, the current status of the project plan can be evidenced with the help of the prepared documents. A termination of the contract entails also the termination of the plant manufacturer s contracts with the subcontractor. In case feedstock has already arrived or components are already in the production process the costs involved cannot be averted any longer. The employer will have to bear these costs as well. 

In general, the layout of the main components is already available in the form of the layout of the project planning phase. Unless there are no procedural changes, this layout can be used as the basis for the ensuing detailed layout design. 

The company, with 250 employees, produces polystyrene resin and impact resistant polystyrene. It has capacity of 20 000 tonnes of PS. The company plans to expand its polystyrene capacity by 10 000 tonnes. Other projects planned by the Foshan government are to manufacture special plastic components for electric appliances and to build a polyester injection and blow-moulding facility for polyester packaging bottles. The planned capacity will be up to 100 million preforms and 50 million packaging bottles per year. 

Prof. Dr. Albert Pilot is professor emeritus of curriculum development and also professor emeritus of chemistry education at Utrecht University (The Netherlands). His research focuses on context-based chemistry education and professional development of science teachers. In recent years this involved the design and development of a new chemistry curriculum for the secondary school in the Netherlands. Professional development of teachers was a major component in this innovation project, planned for many years and involving all teachers in the chemistry domain. 

The best way to ensure controlled development of the brief, and of the cost plans which necessarily accompany it, is to set up a system of data sheets which define, in increasing detail as the project develops, the spatial, functional and servicing requirements of each component part of the project. A well-resourced technical client may wish to do this himself. More commonly, it is a task which should be entrusted to the design team. Whoever does it, regular joint review of this information will help to ensure satisfaction with the finished product. 

PERT is an acronym for Program Evaluation and Review Technique. It is a more sophisticated form of planning than Gantt charts, and is appropriate for projects with many interactive steps. There are three components of a PERT diagram circles or other convenient, closed figures represent events arrows connecting the circles represent activities and non-activities connecting two events are shown as dotted-line arrows. (A non-activity represents a dependency between two events for which no work is required.)... 

---