Principal function

The principal functions of food packaging are to protect the food contents from physical damage, losses, or deterioration, and to faciUtate distribution from processor to consumer. Food packaging also must attractively identify the product and must perform these functions at minimum system cost because the package itself has no intrinsic value to the consumer. In 1992, food packaging represented about 57% of the United States more than 70 biUion packaging industry. 

Hormone Acronym CAS Registry Number of Principal function... 

Testing of Painted Products. The enhancement of paint adhesion is one of the principal functions of conversion coating (20—22). A group of tests based on product deformation is used to test the painted product. The appHance and cod-coating industries use the mandrel bend, the cross-hatch adhesion test, and the direct and reverse impact tests. Adhesion after a water soak is judged using a cross-hatch test performed on the exposed surface. 

Table 1. Prefixes and Suffixes for Some Principal Functional Groups ...

The concept of the principal function raises the question of how priority is deterrnined when two or more different functional groups are present. No arbitrary rule can be entirely satisfactory, but an order has been codified in lUPAC recommendations (52—54), and an essentially similar order is used by Chemical Abstracts Service. In general, a higher state of oxidation takes precedence over a lower one, as shown in Table 1. 

ASTM D883 defines a filler as "...a relatively inert material added to a plastic to modify its strength, permanence, working properties, or other quaHties or to lower costs." EiHers (qv) that modify the properties and characteristics of epoxies are employed in epoxy resins for a variety of reasons. Then principal functions are to control viscosity, reduce shrinkage and the coefficient of thermal expansion, effect a cost reduction, and color the epoxy resins. 

Liquid Fabric Softeners. The principal functions of fabric softeners are to minimize the problem of static electricity and to keep fabrics soft (see Antistatic agents). In these laundry additives, the fragrance must reinforce the sense of softness that is the desired result of their use. Most fabric softeners have a pH of about 3.5, which limits the materials that can be used in the fragrances. For example, acetals cannot be used because they break down and cause malodor problems in addition, there is the likelihood of discoloration from Schiff bases, oakmoss extracts, and some specialty chemicals. Testing of fragrance materials in product bases should take place under accelerated aging conditions (eg, 40°C in plastic bottles) to check for odor stabiUty and discoloration. 

Recreational surfaces must provide certain performance characteristics with acceptable costs, lifetimes, and appearance. Arbitrary but useful distinctions may be made for classification purposes, depending on the principal function a covering intended primarily to provide an attractive surface for private leisure activities, eg, patio surfaces a surface designed for service in a specific sport, eg, track surfaces or a grass-like surface designed for a broad range of heavy-duty recreational activities, including professional athletics, eg, artificial turf for outdoor sports. 

The principal function of OSHA is the protection of people, eg, employees, visitors, and temporary help, in the workplace. Regional offices are in the same areas as those of the EPA (see Table 1). The principal law covered by OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA). 

Carpet. Carpet, an important textile, may also be treated to provide water and oU repeUency however, the principal functions of the current carpet treatments are to provide soU and stain resistance. High quaUty carpets, especiaUy those made from nylon, polyester, or wool, have a significant proportion of the surface coated with fluorochemical materials. The treatments can be spray-appUed to a finished carpet or appUed directly to the fiber during the spinning or dyeing operations. Suitable fluorinated resin materials are readily avaUable from 3M or DuPont. 

In addition to being involved in the formation of urine, the kidney acts as an endocrine organ secreting renin, erythropoietin, prostaglandins (qv), and kinins it is also capable of synthesizing substances such as la,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [32222-06-3] One of the principal functions of the... 

From an engineering viewpoint, reaction kinetics has these principal functions ... 

Jotile-Thomson Valves The principal function of a J-T valve is to obtain isenthalpic coohng of the gas flowing through the valve. These valves generally are needle-type valves modified for cryogenic operation. They are an important component in most refrigeration systems, particularly in the last stage of the liquefac tion process. Joule-Thomson valves also offer an attractive alternative to turboexpanders for small-scale gas-recovery applications. 

The principal function of a thrust bearing is to resist the thrust unbalance developed within the working elements of a turbomachine and to maintain the rotor position within tolerable limits. 

The principal function of the ethylene recovery facilities is to recover high... 

Generally, the rate of reaction depends on three principal functions temperature, pressure, and composition. However, as a result of phase rule and thermodynamics, there is a relationship between temperature, pressure, and composition. This relationship can be expressed as ... 

Flame Arrester Element (Matrix) That portion of a flame arrester whose principal function is to prevent flame transmission, usually by quenching the flame front. 

Flame Arrester Housing That portion of flame arrester whose principal function is to provide a suitable enclosure for the flame arrester element, and to facilitate mechanical connection to other systems. 

Another of the principal functions of a substation is to provide the means to control and regulate voltages and power flow. These functions arc provided cither by feedback from an automated system or by remote instruction from the dispatch center using an array of devices and systems within the substation. 

The principal functions that have to be met by any type of motor control gear are ... 

A primer, as its name implies, is the first coat of a system. Its principal functions are to provide adhesion and good protection to the substrate. The manner in which these properties are obtained will vary with the substrate, but frequently involves the use of a large proportion of a specific pigment. This may impose a restriction on the colour and gloss, and probably on other desirable properties such as durability. 

The principal functions performed by electronic circuitry in the measurement of x-ray intensity are listed below. 

Note 1. To maintain homomorphic relationships between classes of sugars, the (potential) aldehyde group of a uronic acid is regarded as the principal function for numbering and naming (see 2-Carb-2.2.1 and 2-Carb-22). 

Three principal functional control modes are proportional (P), integral (I) and derivative (D) control. These are performed by the ideal three-mode controller (PID), described by the equation... 

The principal function of the gas chromatograidi is to provide those conditions required by the column for achieving a separation without lowering the performance of the column in any way. As can be seen from Figure 3.1 this means providing a regulated flow of carrier gas to the column, an inlet system to vaporize and mix the sample with the carrier gas, a thermostated oven to optimize the temperature for the separation, an on-line... 

The principal function of the circulatory system is to supply oxygen and vital metabolic substrates to cells throughout the body, as well as removal of metabolic waste products. Circulatory shock is a life-threatening condition whereby this principal function is compromised. When circulatory shock is caused by a severe loss of blood volume or body water it is called hypovolemic shock, the focus of this chapter. Regardless of etiology, the most distinctive manifestations of hypovolemic shock are arterial hypotension and metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis is a consequence of an accumulation of lactic acid resulting from tissue hypoxia and anaerobic... 

Shock A condition wherein the principal function of the circulatory system to supply oxygen and vital metabolic substrates to cells throughout the body as well as removal of metabolic waste products is compromised. The four major shock types are hypovolemic, obstructive, cardiogenic, and distributive. 

The FTMS instrument operates in a very different fashion from most other types of mass spectrometers. With FTMS, the principal functions of ionisation, mass analysis and ion detection occur in the same space... 

---