Prime Computers

CAM Station (Calma, Div. of Prime Computer, Inc., San Diego, CA). A systematic, economical way to manufacture complex three-dimensional parts without compromising function, quality, or performance. Features a full-function engineering workstation, powerful 2-D and 3-D modeling, advanced surface creation, industry-proven 3-D milling routines, full 2i-axis mill-drill functions, a postprocessor generator, tool-design capabilities in 2-D and 3-D, and a turnkey system. 

Personal Designer (Computervision/Prime Computer, Inc., Bedford, MA). 

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR-74-23494 and also through the Materials Science Center, Cornell University, through the National Science Foundation Grant No. DMR-72-03029. The Office of Computer Services provided IBM 370/168 computer time. We would also like to thank Mr. J. Tobochnik for help in running the benchmarks on the PRIME computer. 

In numerous cases an atomically detailed picture is required to understand function of biological molecules. The wealth of atomic information that is provided by the Molecular Dynamics (MD) method is the prime reason for its popularity and numerous successes. The MD method offers (a) qualitative understanding of atomic processes by detailed analysis of individual trajectories, and (b) comparison of computations to experimental data by averaging over a representative set of sampled trajectories. 

Extending time scales of Molecular Dynamics simulations is therefore one of the prime challenges of computational biophysics and attracted considerable attention [2-5]. Most efforts focus on improving algorithms for solving the initial value differential equations, which are in many cases, the Newton s equations of motion. 

We consider the computation of a trajectory —X t), where X t) is a vector of variables that evolve in time —f. The vector includes all the coordinates of the particles in the system and may include the velocities as well. Unless specifically indicated otherwise X (t) includes coordinates only. The usual way in which such vectors are propagated numerically in time is via a sequence of short time solutions to a differential equation. One of the differential equations of prime concern is the Newton s equation of motion ... 

The exceUent adhesion to primed films of polyester combined with good dielectric properties and good surface properties makes the vinyhdene chloride copolymers very suitable as binders for iron oxide pigmented coatings for magnetic tapes (168—170). They perform very weU in audio, video, and computer tapes. 

For reasons of space and because of their prime importance, we focus here on free energy calculations based on detailed molecular dynamics (MD) or Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. However, several other computational approaches exist to calculate free energies, including continuum dielectric models and integral equation methods [4,14]. 

RNA structures, compared to the helical motifs that dominate DNA, are quite diverse, assuming various loop conformations in addition to helical structures. This diversity allows RNA molecules to assume a wide variety of tertiary structures with many biological functions beyond the storage and propagation of the genetic code. Examples include transfer RNA, which is involved in the translation of mRNA into proteins, the RNA components of ribosomes, the translation machinery, and catalytic RNA molecules. In addition, it is now known that secondary and tertiary elements of mRNA can act to regulate the translation of its own primary sequence. Such diversity makes RNA a prime area for the study of structure-function relationships to which computational approaches can make a significant contribution. 

Contemporary development of chromatography theory has tended to concentrate on dispersion in electro-chromatography and the treatment of column overload in preparative columns. Under overload conditions, the adsorption isotherm of the solute with respect to the stationary phase can be grossly nonlinear. One of the prime contributors in this research has been Guiochon and his co-workers, [27-30]. The form of the isotherm must be experimentally determined and, from the equilibrium data, and by the use of appropriate computer programs, it has been shown possible to calculate the theoretical profile of an overloaded peak. 

FTAP < characier " -ic nameSs rmation, scripiion AND K-of N NOT/ le computer meniory is limiting factor Minimal cut of up to 10 can be generated top-down, bo and Nelson memuu prime implicants f - i cut sets and [ji mic implicants Independent subtrees ibiind and replaced by inodijle IBM C sm 1IV, Available from Ope Rest Uni Cali ley... 

The confluence of sharply rising Operations and Maintenance (O M) costs. NRC requested Individual Plant Examinations (IPEs) and increased personal computer capabilities gave rise to the R R Workstation. Its uses and maintains-current PSA models and databases for individual plants to perform O M planning and scheduling, and uses the PSA in IPE models to identify plant design, procedure and operational vulnerabilities. The Risk and Reliability Workstation Alliance was organized by EPRI to support the R R Workshop in order to achieve O M cost reduction, plant productivity and safety enhancement through risk-based, user-friendly, windowed software louls (Table 3.6 8). The Alliance, initiated in 1992, includes 25 U.S. utilities and four international partners from Spain, France, Korea, and Mexico. SAIC is the prime contractor for the R R Workstation, with participation of five other PSA vendors. 

Interest at Brookhaven was stirred by the contrast between the excellent agreement between theory and experiment for the D2+ + D2 reaction and the rather poor description provided for the H2-He and H2-Ne systems. The H2-He system is particularly interesting because of the relatively few particles involved in the reaction and its potential for accurate theoretical treatment. The reactions of H2 + or HD+ with He will be among the first to be treated in terms of a theoretically computed potential energy surface comparison of experiment and theory in this system is therefore of prime importance. 

Financial support by the Committee for Scientific Research of Poland, KBN, grant no. 3 T09A 147 26 is acknowledged. The calculations were carried out with the computer facilities of CYFRONET-AGH, under grant no. KBN/SGI2800/UJ/018/2002. Piotr Pietrzyk is indebted to the Prime Minister of Poland for a Ph. D. Thesis Award and the Foundation for Polish Science for a stipend within the START program. 

The understanding of the catalytic function of enzymes is a prime objective in biomolecular science. In the last decade, significant developments in computational approaches have made quantum chemistry a powerful tool for the study of enzymatic mechanisms. In all applications of quantum chemistry to proteins, a key concept is the active site, i.e. a local region where the chemical reactivity takes place. The concept of the active site makes it possible to scale down large enzymatic systems to models small enough to be handled by accurate quantum chemistry methods. 

FACT III If Ianov schemes are restricted to the interpretation I above, only a small subclass of the recursive functions are computed in the sense that g(n) = 1 + val(P,I,n) for (P,I,n) convergent and g(n) = 0 for (P,I,n) divergent is a total recursive function and "most" total recursive functions cannot be so expressed. However, if one selects as interpretation I the interpretation with functions px and x/p and predicates "p divides x" for every prime p and constant 1 as well as special input function 2X and output function log2x then every partial recursive function f(n) can be expressed as val(P,I,n) for a Ianov (single register) scheme P and this particular interpretation I. ... 

Halon systems were the ideal fire suppression agent before their implications of environmental impact due to ozone depletion. The industry is gradually phasing out usage of halon systems for this reason. A flowchart to analyze mechanisms to supplement or eliminate Halon systems for electrical or computer processing areas is shown in Figure 11. Some of the prime reasons to eliminate the use of Halon systems is that the facility may be constantly manned with a relatively low fire risk. Other facilities may have a very low combustible load and can be supplemented by highly sensitive fire detection means, such as a VESDA fire detection system. 

In the introduction to Volume 1 of this series, the founding editors, J. N. Pitts, G. S. Hammond and W. A. Noyes, Jr. noted developments in a brief span of prior years that were important for progress in photochemistry flash photolysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and electron spin resonance. A quarter of a century later, in Volume 14 (1988), the editors noted that since then two developments had been of prime significance the emergence of the laser from an esoteric possibility to an important light source, and the evolution of computers to microcomputers in common laboratory use of data acquisition. These developments strongly influenced research on the dynamic behavior of the excited state and other transients. 

Shor, P. W. Polynomial time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer. Proc. 35th Annual Symposium on the Foundations of Computer Science Goldwasser, S. Ed. IEEE Computer Society Press Los Alamos, CA, 1994, p. 124. 

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