Polyurethane matrix resin

In this study, the use of a PM polyol as a rubber modifier for a highly crosslinked, polyurethane resin (T = 150 °C) was assessed again in comparison with an oil-based PB polyol. The polyurethane resin matrix was formed from pure MDI and a polyol blend comprising a polyoxypropylene triol, LHT240 (Union Carbide) of equivalent weight 227.6 g-mol"1, and trimethylol propane,... 

Overall, the relatively brittle polyurethane resin matrix was transformed by the incorporation of a discrete rubber particle phase into a semiductile material... 

The results presented here demonstrate the benefit of nanoscale reinforcement to improve wear resistance of the composite material but to improve the overall performance of the materials for a sliding seal application no single reinforcement material is suitable. However, a combination of reinforcements can be developed which impart multiple functionality to the composite. For instance, both silica and M0S2 nanoparticles added to a polyurethane resin matrix can generate improvements in both friction and wear behaviour. 

One of the significant classes of polyurethanes is resin, which is mainly used in the paint and coatings industry for binders, adhesives and fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composite matrix. Polyurethane resins are highly functional polymers with a low molecular weight in their intermediate state and have been used for the above applications. Polyurethanes are preferred as binders... 

Castor oil-based polyurethane resin is used to obtain graphite composite as an electrode material. The 60% graphite (w/w) composite exhibits good mechanical and appropriate electric resistance and offers ease of preparation and surface renovation. The polyurethanes of soybean oil-based polyol with glass reinforced composites exhibit mechanical properties comparable with those based on petrochemical polyol. The oxidative, thermal and hydrolytic stability of soybean oil-based composites are superior to those of petrochemical polyol. All the results indicated that a polyurethane matrix based on soybean oil is a preferable alternative to petrochemical polyurethanes in glass reinforced composites. 

Common matrix resins for blending with conducting polymers are widely used in traditional anticorrosion coatings, such as epoxy resin [25, 27, 32, 34, 68, 70, 71, 76], polyacrylic-based resin [24, 39, 48, 77, 78], and poly(methyl methacrylate) [30, 60, 62, 64]. The feature of matrix resin as well as the amount of ICPs is important to the anticorrosion performance of conductive composite coating. Samui and Phad-nis [67] blended various amounts of dioctyl phosphate (DOPH)-doped PANI with different polymeric matrices (epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, styrene-butyl acrylate... 

Of late many of the major car manufacturers now use biocomposites in various applications, e.g., door trim panels made of polyurethane (PU)-flax/sisal mat in Audi A2 midrange car jute-based door panels in Mercedes E-class polyester-cotton fibres in Trabant car under floor protection trim of Mercedes A class made from banana fibre-reinforced composites and the Mercedes S class automotive components made from different bio-fibre-reinforced composites. All these so-called biocomposites use natural fibres but the resin matrix is always an oil-derived synthetic material. 

Surfactants are added to a thermoset resin system to promote the dispersion of fillers in the resin matrix. Recently, surfactants have been used to disperse carbon nanotubes in polymer matrices [48-50]. Surfactants are of two types neutral and ionic. Surfactants have many applications in coating industries for the development of a water-based resin system [51]. Surfactants are added to phenolic or polyurethane foam formulation in which they facilitate formation of small bubbles. The size and uniformity of bubble formation results in a fine cell structure. A surfactant reduces the surface tension of resin formulations and provides an interface between the highly polar resin and the non-polar blowing agent. The surfactant for a particular resin system must be selected carefully so that it is compatible with the resin and resistant... 

The systems shown in Fig. 7 are compared with Cr-containing control systems. Optimized coating systems aU performed well over 2000 h in the test, which is usually a typical requirement in the industry. The polyurethane-based system on AA 6061 even survived 4000 h in ASTM B-117 (Fig. 7d). This gives ample proof of that the modification of the resin matrix might be a key factor in order to make the Cr-free pigments work on metals in a similar way as the strontium chromate works in traditional coatings. 

Atmosphere adsorption on polyurethane foam (desorption by Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether) alumina fractionation (elution with 2 1 MeOH/ CH2CI2) water. SPE on XAD-2 resin Matrix solid phase dispersion extraction with Cijj (MeOH elution) AI2O3 cleanup of MeOH eluate SPE on poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) disk (elution with acetone, MeCl2, hexane) NP-HPLC fractionation Water. SPE on Cig (acetone elution) sediment and algae Soxhlet extraction with hexane cleanup by SPE NH2 media (elution with 75 25 hexane/acetone)... 

Composite Particles, Inc. reported the use of surface-modified rubber particles in formulations of thermoset systems, such as polyurethanes, polysulfides, and epoxies [95], The surface of the mbber was oxidized by a proprietary gas atmosphere, which leads to the formation of polar functional groups like —COOH and —OH, which in turn enhanced the dispersibility and bonding characteristics of mbber particles to other polar polymers. A composite containing 15% treated mbber particles per 85% polyurethane has physical properties similar to those of the pure polyurethane. Inclusion of surface-modified waste mbber in polyurethane matrix increases the coefficient of friction. This finds application in polyurethane tires and shoe soles. The treated mbber particles enhance the flexibility and impact resistance of polyester-based constmction materials [95]. Inclusion of treated waste mbber along with carboxyl terminated nitrile mbber (CTBN) in epoxy formulations increases the fracture toughness of the epoxy resins [96]. 

Thermosensitive hydrogels, 13 743 THERMOSET Thermoset recycling pyramid, 13 780-781 Thermoset elastomers, 20 71 Thermoset epoxy resins, curing of, 10 421 Thermoset flexible polyurethane foams properties of, 25 461 Thermoset matrix composites, 21 456 Thermo set molding properties of diallyl isophthalate, 2 262t Thermoset polymers, 25 455 cured, 10 425... 

Spent resins are generally compatible with the polymer matrix material. Generally, the polymer and the resin do not interact chemically. The immobilization of spent ion-exchange resins in polymers is a common application all over the world. Epoxy resins, polyesters, polyethylene, polystyrene and copolymers, polyurethane, phenol-formaldehyde, and polystyrene are among the polymers used (IAEA, 1988). Inorganic materials are generally not immobilized using polymers because they are more acceptable to other immobilization matrices such as cement. 

Syntactic foamed plastics (from the Greek ovvxa C, to put together) or spheroplastics are a special kind of gas filled polymeric material. They consist of a polymer matrix, called the binder, and a filler of hollow spherical particles, called microspheres, microcapsules, or microballoons, distributed within the binder. Expoxy and phenolic resins, polyesters, silicones, polyurethanes, and several other polymers and oligomers are used as binders, while the fillers have been made of glass, carbon, metal, ceramics, polymers, and resins. The foamed plastic is formed by the microcapsular method, i.e. the gas-filled particles are inserted into the polymer binder1,2). 

The most common advanced composites are made of thermosetting resins, such as epoxy polymers (the most popular singlematrix material), polyesters, vinyl esters, polyurethanes, polyimids, cianamids, bismaleimides, silicones, and melamine. Some of the most widely used thermoplastic polymers are polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PPE (poly[phenylene ether]), polypropylene, PEEK (poly [etheretherketone]), and ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene). The precise matrix selected for any given product depends primarily on the physical properties desired for that product. Each type of resin has its own characteristic thermal properties (such as melting point... 

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