Union Carbide

Strelzoff, S. (1974), Partial oxidation for syngas and fuel (comparaison des precedes Texaco, Shell et Union Carbide) . Hydrocarbon processing, Vol. 53, No. 12, p. 79. 

A. E. Broderick (Union Carbide). HEC did not become a viable commercial product until the early 1960s. In addition to the general production problems and market development costs, new products face a variety of environmental controls in the 1990s that add more constraints to market development. None the less two more recentiy developed water-soluble polymers have achieved limited market acceptance and are described below. 

A = Aristech Chemical B = BP Chemicals Ce = Celanese Cy = CYRO Industries Do = Dow Chemical Du = Du Pont E = Eastman Chemical G = General Electric R = Rohm Haas S = Shell Chemical U = Union Carbide... 

Ma.nufa.cture. The principal manufacturers of vinyl ethers are BASF, GAF, and Union Carbide. The first two utilize vinylation of alcohols, whereas the last reportedly uses cracking of acetals. 

Uses. Union Carbide consumes its vinyl ether production in the manufacture of glutaraldehyde [111-30-8J. BASF and GAF consume most of their production as monomers (see Vinyl polymers). In addition to the homopolymers, the copolymer of methyl vinyl ether with maleic anhydride is of particular interest. 

Of these producers, Atochem, Degussa, and Daicel are reported to be in the merchant acrolein business. Union Carbide suppHes only the acrolein derivative markets. Rhc ne-Poulenc also produces acrolein, primarily as a nonisolated intermediate to make methionine. A number of other small scale plants are located worldwide which also produce acrolein as an intermediate to make methionine. 

A.crolein, Material Safety Data Sheet, Union Carbide Chemicals and Plastics Company Inc., Specialty Chemicals Division, August 15,1989. 

The process has historic interest. It was replaced at the Rohm and Haas Company by the acetylene-based process in 1954, and in 1970 at Union Carbide by the propylene oxidation process. 

Synthetic emulsion polymers account for approximately 70% of the U.S. consumption of acrylate monomers. Major end uses for these latex polymers are coatings (32%), textiles (17%), adhesives (7%), paper (5%), and floor poHshes (3%). The U.S. producers of acryflc copolymer emulsions include Rohm and Haas, Reichhold, National Starch, Union Carbide, Air Products, Unocal, B. F. Goodrich, and H. B. Fuller. 

Acjlate Monomers, bulletin F-40252, Union Carbide Corp., New York. 

Processes rendered obsolete by the propylene ammoxidation process (51) include the ethylene cyanohydrin process (52—54) practiced commercially by American Cyanamid and Union Carbide in the United States and by I. G. Farben in Germany. The process involved the production of ethylene cyanohydrin by the base-cataly2ed addition of HCN to ethylene oxide in the liquid phase at about 60°C. A typical base catalyst used in this step was diethylamine. This was followed by liquid-phase or vapor-phase dehydration of the cyanohydrin. The Hquid-phase dehydration was performed at about 200°C using alkah metal or alkaline earth metal salts of organic acids, primarily formates and magnesium carbonate. Vapor-phase dehydration was accomphshed over alumina at about 250°C. 

Data from Union Carbide Molecular Sieves, UOP, Tarrytown, N.Y. 

Union Carbide Corp., Texas City, Tex., U.S. 54 2-ethylhexanol propjiene... 

Rhodium Ca.ta.lysts. Rhodium carbonyl catalysts for olefin hydroformylation are more active than cobalt carbonyls and can be appHed at lower temperatures and pressures (14). Rhodium hydrocarbonyl [75506-18-2] HRh(CO)4, results in lower -butyraldehyde [123-72-8] to isobutyraldehyde [78-84-2] ratios from propylene [115-07-17, C H, than does cobalt hydrocarbonyl, ie, 50/50 vs 80/20. Ligand-modified rhodium catalysts, HRh(CO)2L2 or HRh(CO)L2, afford /iso-ratios as high as 92/8 the ligand is generally a tertiary phosphine. The rhodium catalyst process was developed joindy by Union Carbide Chemicals, Johnson-Matthey, and Davy Powergas and has been Hcensed to several companies. It is particulady suited to propylene conversion to -butyraldehyde for 2-ethylhexanol production in that by-product isobutyraldehyde is minimized. 

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