Polyester resins alkali

Polyester resins, reinforced with fiberglass, have good strength and good chemical resistance except to alkalies. Some special materials in this class, based on bisphenol and vinyl esters are more alkali-... 

The polyester resins are resistant to dilute mineral acids, inorganic salts and many solvents. They are less resistant to alkalies. 

Glass-fibre-reinforced epoxy resins are also used for chemical plant but are more expensive than the polyester resins. In general they are resistant to the same range of chemicals as the polyesters, but are more resistant to alkalies. 

Uses Secondary plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride in polyester resins to increase strength of fiberglass varnish formulations to improve water and alkali resistance as an insulator fluid for electric condensers and as an additive in very high pressure lubricants. In fluorescent and high-intensity discharge ballasts manufactured prior to 1979 (U.S. EPA, 1998). 

New processes include synthesis of /V-alkylated anilines from olefins and aniline in an inert solvent with at least one catalyst from a range that includes alkali metal alcoholates, alkaline earth metal alcoholates, alkali metal amides and alkaline earth amides36. The uses for /V,/V-dimethylaniline (11) include in the manufacture of polyester resins, sulfur recovery (in copper refining), insecticides and fungicides, dyes, pharmaceuticals, explosives, rubber products, specialty isocyanates and petroleum additives. The /V-ethylaniline (26) is a dye intermediate and rubber additive, and is used for bum control in explosives, while /V,/V-diclhylaniline is used in production of polyester resins, pharmaceuticals, diazo prints (lithographic), and dyes, and as a petroleum additive37. 

Use Production of linear, crystalline polyester resins, fibers, and films by combination with glycols reagent for alkali in wool additive to poultry feeds. 

Polymer concretes based on phenol-formaldehyde, acetone-formaldehyde resins and monomers, and methyl methacrylate are much less common. Phenolic resins are similar to furan in many physical and mechanical properties. However, they are unstable in alkalis like polyester resins [7],... 

Uses Refractories (steel furnace linings) polycrystalline ceramic for aircraft windshields elec, insulations inorg. rubber accelerator paper mfg. white color standard reflector in optical instruments filler/ex-tender for paints, rubbers thickener for polyester resins fluoride removal in water treatment acid neutralization heavy metals removal water desilication alkali, anticaking agent, lubricant, nutrient in foods pharmaceuticals (antacid, mild laxative, buffer, mineral nutrient) absorbent, opacifier, buffer in cosmetics colorant in food-contact polymers, paper/paperboard in contact with aq./fatty foods in perfluoro-carbon cured elastomers for food contact activator in food-contact rubber articles for repeated use... 

CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH=CHCH2CHCH2C203 Properties M.w. 210.27 dens. 1.0 (25 C) b.p. 168 C (10 mm) flash pt. (COC) 185 C anionic Uses Curing agent for epoxy resins corrosion inhibitor for iubricants intermediate for prep, of aikyd or unsat. polyester resins intermediate in chem. reactions food starch modifier thickener, emulsifier, opacifier in food mixes alkali metal salts as detergents in industrial cleaning formulations Manuf./Distrib. Aldrich http //www.sigma-aidrich.com, Dixie... 

NFPA Health 0, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0 Uses Comonomer for alkyds and unsat. polyester resins chemical intermediate for paints, in polyester bottle resins, fibers, and films in prod, of terephthalic acid esters forms polyesters with glycols in analytical chemistry reagent for alkali in wool as poultry food additive... 

P(l) Bisphenol A based polyester resins are generally regarded as very inert in acids and alkalis, but they do suffer from attack in organic solvents such as toluene. Isophthalic polyesters may provide better performance in such environments. 

Effect of fiber treatments Alkali treatment on OPFs significantly improved its interfacial shear strength in polyester matrix [14]. Alkali treatment washed out the outer skin, better exposing fiber to the polyester matrix, leading to proper interaction between their surfaces. In addition, the fine holes created on alkali treatment allowed the polyester to penetrate into the fiber bundles in a better way. Acetylation treatment to the fibers improved impact strength of OPF-polyester composites due to improved fiber wettability and resulting fewer void spaces [71]. The tensile stress of OPF-polyester composites increased slightly upon both acetylation and silane treatments on fibers and decreased upon titanate treatment [14]. The flexural modulus of OPF-PP composites also increased considerably upon acetylation treatment on fibers. Similarly the abrasion resistance of OPF-polyester composites was enhanced upon alkali treatment to fibers [13]. Treated fibers enhanced the adhesion resistance of polyester resin by 75-85%, while untreated fibers enhanced the abrasion resistance only by 50-60%. 

Polymers resistant to hydrolysis in all media include polyolefins, hydrocarbon rubbers, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and implasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Polymers sensitive to hydrolysis in both alkaline and acidic media are, eg, cellulose esters, plasticized poly(vinyl chloride), polyCmethyl methacrylate), polyacrylonitrile, polyoxymethylene, polyamides, polyesters, polycarbonates, and polysulfones. Polymers sensitive to alkalis but not acids are imsaturated polyester resins and phenol-formaldehyde resins. 

The polyester mortars were originally developed to resist chlorine dioxide. There are a number of types of polyester resins available. The ones most commonly used are the isophthalic, chlorendic, and Bisphenol A fumurate. Depending on the application, the polyester mortars can be formulated to incorporate carbon and silica fillers. One hundred percent carbon fillers are used to resist hydrofiuoric acid, fiuorine chemicals, and strong alkalies such as sodium and potassium hydroxide. The chlorendic and Bisphenol A fumurate resins have improved chemi-... 

The chlorendic and bisphenol A resins offer improved chemical resistance, higher thermal capabilities, and improved ductility with less shrinkage. The bisphenol A resins provide improved resistance to alkalies and essentially equivalent resistance to oxidizing mediums. Refer to Table 18.5 for the resistance of the polyester resins to atmospheric contaminents and to Table 18.8 for the comparative chemical resistance of the various polyester resins. 

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