Salts alkali metal

M.p. —80°C, b.p. 37°C. Prepared from sodium azide and acid or (N2Hj) plus nitrous acid, HNO2. Heavy-metal salts, azides, are used as detonators, alkali metal salts are stable and azides are used synthetically in organic chemistry. 

Ammonium salts. Ammonium salts can be prepared by the direct neutralisation of acid by ammonia. The salts are similar to alkali metal salts and are composed of discrete ions. Most ammonium salts are soluble in water. Since ammonia is volatile and readily oxidisable the behaviour of ammonium salts to heat is particularly interesting. 

Such water, and also that containing salts of multipositive metals, (usually sulphates), is said to be hard since it does not readily produce a lather with soap. Experiments with alkali metal salts can be performed to verify that the hardness is due to the presence of the multipositive metal ions and not to any of the anions present. The hardness due to calcium and magnesium hydrogencarbonates is said to be temporary since it can be removed by boiling ... 

S-Benzyl-wo-thiuronium chloride (S-benzyl-iao-thiourea hydrochloride) reacts with the alkali metal salts of organic acids to produce crystalline S benzyl-MO-thiuronium salts ... 

Sulphonic acids. The aromatic sulphonic acids and their alkali metal salts are soluble in water, but insoluble in ether (Solubility Group II). They are best characterised by conversion into crystalline S-benzyl-iso-thiuronium salts (see Section IV,33,2 and 111,85,5), which possess characteristic melting points. A more time-consuming procedure is to treat the well-dried acid or... 

The alka-l,2,4-trienes (ailenylaikenes) 12 are prepared by the reaction of methyl propargyl carbonates with alkenes. Alkene insertion takes place into the Pd—C bond of the ailenyipailadium methoxide 4 as an intermediate and subsequent elimination of/3-hydrogen affords the 1,2,4-triene 12. The reaction proceeds rapidly under mild conditions in the presence of KBr. No reaction takes place in the absence of an alkali metal salt[4j. 

Salt Formation. Salt-forming reactions of adipic acid are those typical of carboxylic acids. Alkali metal salts and ammonium salts are water soluble alkaline earth metal salts have limited solubiUty (see Table 5). Salt formation with amines and diamines is discussed in the next section. 

Alkyl hydroperoxides can be Hquids or soHds. Those having low molecular weight are soluble in water and are explosive in the pure state. As the molecular weight increases, ie, as the active oxygen content is reduced, water solubiUty and the violence of decomposition decrease. Alkyl hydroperoxides are stronger acids than the corresponding alcohols and have acidities similar to those of phenols, Alkyl hydroperoxides can be purified through their alkali metal salts (28). 

Saponification of alkyl peroxyesters yields alkyl hydroperoxides and carboxylic acids or their alkali metal salts. a-Ether-substituted peroxides can be hydrolyzed to the unsubstituted alkyl hydroperoxides, eg, tert-huty hydroperoxide from tert-huty 2-oxacyclohexyl peroxide [28627-46-5] (62) ... 

Pyrrole and alkylpyrroles can be acylated by heating with acid anhydrides at temperatures above 100 °C. Pyrrole itself gives a mixture of 2-acetyl- and 2,5-diacetyl-pyrrole on heating with acetic anhydride at 150-200 °C. iV-Acylpyrroles are obtained by reaction of the alkali-metal salts of pyrrole with an acyl halide. AC-Acetylimidazole efficiently acetylates pyrrole on nitrogen (65CI(L)1426). Pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde is acetylated on nitrogen in 80% yield by reaction with acetic anhydride in methylene chloride and in the presence of triethylamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (80CB2036). 

Pyrroles do not react with alkyl halides in a simple fashion polyalkylated products are obtained from reaction with methyl iodide at elevated temperatures and also from the more reactive allyl and benzyl halides under milder conditions in the presence of weak bases. Alkylation of pyrrole Grignard reagents gives mainly 2-alkylated pyrroles whereas N-alkylated pyrroles are obtained by alkylation of pyrrole alkali-metal salts in ionizing solvents. 

Dithiole-3-sulfonyl hydrazides alkali metal salts,... 

Sulfates or sulfonates Alkali metal salts of sulfated alcohols, sulfonic acid salts alkyl-aryl sulfonates sodium laiiryl sulfate Nonaqiieoiis systems mixed aqueous and nonaqiieoiis systems oil-well drilling muds spent H3SO4 recovery deep-fat frying... 

These facts would suggest that die electrolysis of molten alkali metal salts could lead to the inuoduction of mobile elecU ons which can diffuse rapidly through a melt, and any chemical reduction process resulting from a high chemical potential of the alkali metal could occur in the body of the melt, rather than being conhned to the cathode volume. This probably explains the failure of attempts to produce tire refractoty elements, such as titanium, by elecU olysis of a molten sodium chloride-titanium chloride melt, in which a metal dust is formed in the bulk of the elecU olyte. 

Alkyl sulphate and alkali metal salt of acid D... 

The alkynylation of estrone methyl ether with the lithium, sodium and potassium derivatives of propargyl alcohol, 3-butyn-l-ol, and propargyl aldehyde diethyl acetal in pyridine and dioxane has been studied by Miller. Every combination of alkali metal and alkyne tried, but one, gives the 17a-alkylated products (65a), (65c) and (65d). The exception is alkynylation with the potassium derivative of propargyl aldehyde diethyl acetal in pyridine at room temperature, which produces a mixture of epimeric 17-(3, 3 -diethoxy-T-propynyl) derivatives. The rate of alkynylation of estrone methyl ether depends on the structure of the alkyne and proceeds in the order propar-gylaldehyde diethyl acetal > 3-butyn-l-ol > propargyl alcohol. The reactivity of the alkali metal salts is in the order potassium > sodium > lithium. 

The BH4 ion is essentially non-coordinating in its alkali metal salts. However, despite the fact that it is isoelectronic with methane, BH4 has been found to act as a versatile ligand, forming many coordination compounds by means of 3-centre B-H M bonds to somewhat less electropositive metals. " Indeed, BH4 ... 

Dilute aqueous solutions of sulfamic acid are stable for many months at room temperature but at higher temperatures hydrolysis to NH4[HS04] sets in. Alkali metal salts are stable in neutral and... 

Sebastian also observed that although alkylation of the indole Grignard reagent with methyl iodide in tetrahydrofuran at 23° gave essentially 3-methylindolc, variable amounts of 1- and 3-methyl-indole were obtained on alkylation of the alkali metal salts of indole under similar conditions. Sebastian s results were qualitatively similar to those obtained earlier by Lerner and more recently by Cardillo who studied the reaction of a number of organometalhc... 

Slow thermal decomposition of the alkali metal salts of 3 takes place quantitatively in accordance with Eq. (5), where M represents an... 

Although the sulfone activated biphenyl and the ketone activated naphthalene moiety for the displacement polymerization have been reported by Attwood et al. [11], these were rediscovered by Cummings et al. [12] and Hergenrother et al. [13], respectively, for the synthesis of poly(aryl ethers). Recently, Singh and Hay [14] reported polymers containing 0-dibenzoyl benzene (1,2,3) moiety by reaction between bis(O-fluorobenzoyl) benzene or substituted benzene with bisphenates of alkali metal salt in DMAC as follows ... 

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