Polymers as coatings

Luo et al. described a stirring rod (instead of stir bar) sorptive extraction (SRSE). A rod with monolithic polymer as coating was proposed to avoid the... 

Luo Y-B, Ma Q, Feng Y-Q, Stir rod sorptive extraction with monolithic polymer as coating and its application to the analysis of fluoroquinolones in honey sample, J. Chromatogr. A 2010 1217 3583-3589. 

The most difficult-to-bond plastics family is polytetrafluoroethylene and the other fluori-nated polymers which are the Teflon-like materials. The widespread use of these polymers as coatings for cookware is, of course, based on this property of nonsticking. The conventional methods of etching which can be useful with other difificult-to-bond plastics, like polyethylene and polypropylene, simply do not work on these fluorinated polymer surfaces. Instead the surfaces must be treated with an exotic mixture of metallic sodium and naphthalene in tetrahydrofuran.( 37,i38) More recently, ionized gases (plasma treatment) have also been used successfully. Once treated the surfaces become bondable using conventional two-part liquid... 

ASTM D 6868 Standard Specification for Labeling of End Items that Incorporate Plastics and Polymers as Coatings or Additives with Paper and Other Substrates Designed to be Aerobically Composted in Municipal or Industrial Facilities (2011)... 

Polymers as Coating Matrices for Drug-Eluting Stents (DES)... 

Friel, J. M., Acrylic Polymers as Coatings Binders in Paint and Coatings Testing Manual, 14th edn of the Gardner Sward Handbook, Koleske, J. V. (ecL), American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1995, pp. 39-52. 

We have compared the ultraviolet-visible absorption and emission characteristics of the model compounds (4, 5, 6) with those of the copolymers (1, 2, 3). The comparisons were conducted in methanol solution and in coating of the polymers upon quartz. In order to compare the model compounds (4, 5, 6) with the polymers, as coatings, mixtures of the model compounds (4, 5, 6) in the parent polymer, poly-(5-vinyl-2-methylpyridinium methosulfate), were coated upon quartz plates. The comparative data of the absorption and emission characteristics of the various experimental combinations are summarized in Table I. 

Gyclodextrins. As indicated previously, the native cyclodextrins, which are thermally stable, have been used extensively in Hquid chromatographic chiral separations, but their utihty in gc appHcations was hampered because their highly crystallinity and insolubiUty in most organic solvents made them difficult to formulate into a gc stationary phase. However, some functionali2ed cyclodextrins form viscous oils suitable for gc stationary-phase coatings and have been used either neat or diluted in a polysiloxane polymer as chiral stationary phases for gc (119). Some of the derivati2ed cyclodextrins which have been adapted to gc phases are 3-0-acetyl-2,6-di-0-pentyl, 3-0-butyryl-2,6-di-0-pentyl,... 

Acrylates are primarily used to prepare emulsion and solution polymers. The emulsion polymerization process provides high yields of polymers in a form suitable for a variety of appHcations. Acrylate polymer emulsions were first used as coatings for leather in the eady 1930s and have found wide utiHty as coatings, finishes, and binders for leather, textiles, and paper. Acrylate emulsions are used in the preparation of both interior and exterior paints, door poHshes, and adhesives. Solution polymers of acrylates, frequentiy with minor concentrations of other monomers, are employed in the preparation of industrial coatings. Polymers of acryHc acid can be used as superabsorbents in disposable diapers, as well as in formulation of superior, reduced-phosphate-level detergents. 

Emulsion Polymerization. Emulsion polymerization is the most important industrial method for the preparation of acryhc polymers. The principal markets for aqueous dispersion polymers made by emulsion polymerization of acryhc esters are the paint, paper, adhesives, textile, floor pohsh, and leather industries, where they are used principally as coatings or binders. Copolymers of either ethyl acrylate or butyl acrylate with methyl methacrylate are most common. 

Propellants cast into rockets are commonly case-bonded to the motors to achieve maximum volumetric loading density. The interior of the motor is thoroughly cleaned, coated using an insulating material, and then lined with a composition to which the propellant binder adheres under the environmental stresses of the system. The insulation material is generally a mbber-type composition, filled with siUca, titanium dioxide, or potassium titanate. SiUca-filled nitrate mbber and vulcanizable ethylene—propylene mbber have been used. The liner generally consists of the same base polymer as is used in the propellant. It is usually appHed in a thin layer, and may be partially or fully cured before the propellant is poured into the rocket. 

Aromatic Isocyanates. In North America, aromatic isocyanates ate heavily used as monomers for addition and condensation polymers. The principal appflcafions include both flexible and rigid polyurethane foam and nonceUulat appflcations, such as coatings, adhesives, elastomers, and fibers. 

Waterproof Finishes. Waterproofing results from coating a fabric and filling the pores with film-forming material such as varnish, mbber, nitroceUulose, wax, tar, or plastic. The materials may be appHed as hot melts, eg, waxes or some polymers, as solvent solutions, or as aqueous latexes. The continuity of the film provides the water resistance. Except for tents, tarpauHns, and covers, coated fabrics have been largely replaced by plastics, and by fabrics treated with water and oU repeUents that do not reduce permeabUity to air and water vapor. Eabrics are also commonly laminated to films, such that the total stmeture is waterproof (15), or in some cases water-resistant but breathable (16). 

For many years atactic polypropylene was an unwanted by-product but today it finds use in a number of markets and is specially made for these purposes rather than being a by-product. In Europe the main use has been in conjuction with bitumen as coating compounds for roofing materials, for sealing strips where it confers improved aging properties and in road construction where it improves the stability of asphalt surfaces. Less important in Europe but more important in USA is its use for paper laminating for which low-viscosity polymers are used, often in conjunction with other resins. Limestone/atactic... 

By copolymerising the vinylidene chloride with about 10-15% of vinyl chloride, processable polymers may be obtained which are used in the manufacture of filaments and films. These copolymers have been marketed by the Dow Company since 1940 under the trade name Saran. Vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymers for use as coatings of low moisture permeability are also marketed (Saran, Viclan). Vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymers in which the vinylidene chloride is the minor component (2-20%) were mentioned in Chapter 12. 

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