Plasma graft polymerization, preparation

Matsuyama, H., Teramoto, M., Sakakura, H., and Iwai, K. Facilitated transport of C02 through various ion exchange membranes prepared by plasma graft polymerization. Journal of Membrane Science, 1996, 117, 251. 

Ihm, C.-D. and Ihm, S.-K. 1995. Pervaporation of water-ethanol mixtures through sulfonated polystyrene membranes prepared by plasma graft-polymerization. J. Memb. Sci. 98 89-96. 

Kai et al. (2005) prepared cross-linked pore-filling manbranes using plasma graft polymerization. An HDPE was used as a porous substrate (pore diameter = 0.02 pm) and the monomers were methyl acrylate (MA), vinyl acrylate (VA), and N-N-methylene ( (acrylamide) (MBAAm). The PV of a 72/28 wt% chloroform-n-hexane mixture was used to examine the PV performance of the prepared membranes. The permeation rate was decreased and the separation factor increased as the concentration of the cross-linker in the monomer solution increased. This could be due to the restriction in the mobility of the grafted chain by cross-linking. 

In Chapter 18, Matsuyama and Teramoto report the preparation of new types of cation-exchange membranes by grafting acrylic acid and methacrylic acid to substrates, such as microporous polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and poly[l-(trimethylsilyl)-l-propyne], by use of a plasma graft polymerization technique. Various monoprotonated amines are immobilized by electrostatic forces in the ion-exchange membranes and used as carriers for carbon dioxide. With these membrane systems carbon dioxide/nitrogen selectivities of greater than 4700 are obtained with high carbon dioxide flux. 

Membrane Preparation. The procedure and the apparatus used for plasma-graft polymerization are similar to those reported in the literatures(75,77,78). The substrate... 

Microporous polyethylene (PE) membranes with various pore diameters and porosities and microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane were used as substrates for the plasma graft polymerization (Table II). Besides these porous substrates, homogeneous poly[ l-(trimethyl si lyl)-l-propyne] (PTMSP), which has the highest gas permeability among polymeric materials, was used as the substrate. The poly[l-(trimethylsilyl)-l-propyne] was synthesized from l-(trimethylsilyl)-l-propyne according to the literature procedure (19). Films were prepared by casting polymers from toluene solutions. Hereafter, the respective substrate membranes will be abbreviated as shown in Table II. 

Facilitated transport of CO2 through ion exchange membranes prepared by the plasma graft polymerization was investigated using amines as the carrier. The effects of various experimental factors, such as grafting level, substrates, monomers and carriers were investigated. 

Amide-containing dibenzo-16-crown-5 compounds, transport of metal perchlorates, 161-165 Amine(s) as carriers, carbon dioxide facilitated transport through functional membranes prepared by plasma graft polymerization, 252-268 Amine solutions, carbon dioxide facilitated transport through supported liquid membranes, 239-250 Amino acid derivatives, use as heavy metal ion carriers, 175-179... 

The commercial cardo poly(ether ketones) (PEK-C) were selected by Liu et al. to prepare AEMs by usual three-step postmodilication method (Figure 11.8). The final membranes showed ionic conductivity varied from 1.6 to 5.1 mS/cm over the temperature range of 20°C-60°C. Although its ionic conductivity was quite lower compared with other PEEK-based AEMs, the methanol permeability was less than 10" cm% at 30°C in 4 M methanol solutions. Except this way, Zhang and colleagues successfully introduced benzyl chloromethyl groups to the PEK-C matrix via plasma graft polymerization. This approach enables a well preservation in the structure of... 

Plasma Polymerization. Plasma-induced polymerization (24) of vinyl monomer from inorganic particles is also employed for polymer grafting. The conventional reactors for liquid-phase polymerization of vinyl compounds after generation of plasma on inorganic particles or powders have been recently invented by Ikeda et al. (25). Haraguchi et al. (26) have also prepared polymer-modified silica by plasma-induced polymerization of glycidyl methaciylate. 

Yamaguchi T, Nakao S, and Kimura S. Plasma graft fiUing polymerization Preparation of a new type of pervaporation membrane for organic bquid mixtures. Macromolecules 1991 24 5522-5527. 

Hatakeyama H, Kikuchi A, Yamato M et al (2007) Patterned biofunctional designs of thermo-responsive surfaces for spatiotemporally controlled cell adhesion, growth, and thermally induced detachment. Biomaterials 28 3632-3643 Hem DL, Hubbell JA (1998) Incorporation of adhesion peptides into nonadhesive hydrogels useful for tissue resurfacing. J Biomed Mater Res 39 266-276 Huang J, Wang XL, Chen XZ et al (2003) Temperature-sensitive membranes prepared by the plasma-induced graft polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide into porous polyethylene membranes. J Appl Polym Sci 89 3180-3187... 

A composite structure was prepared consisting of a porous substrate memlnnne on which methacrylic acid (MAA) was graft-polymerized by the method of plasma-initiated pol3unerization. Using this type of membrane, an ective binding of metal ions is performed by chelation of di- and trivalent metal ioiK [190]. A pronounced... 

Yamaguchi, T., Yamahara, S., Nakao, S., and Kimura, S. (1994). Preparation of pervaporation membranes for removal of dissolved organics from water by plasma-graft filling polymerization,... 

Wu et al. (1992) treated the surfaces of the hydrophilic porous membranes, such as cellulose acetate, by radiation graft polymerization of styrene to increase their hydrophobicity and to reach the MD membrane characteristics. Kong et al. (1992) employed a cellulose nitrate membrane modified via plasma polymerization of both vinyltrimethylsilicone and carbontetrafluoride and octafluorocyclobutane for the preparation of MD membranes. Fujii et al. (1992) prepared tubular membranes from PVDF polymer dopes by using the dry-jet wet-spinning technique. Ortiz de Zarate et al. (1995) and Tomaszewska (1996) reported on PVDF flat-sheet membranes prepared for MD by the phase inversion method. 

Choi, E.-Y. and Moon, S.-H. 2007. Characterization of acrylic acid-grafted PP membranes prepared by plasma-induced graft polymerization, 105 ... 

Kai, T., Yamaguchi, T. and Nakao, S. 2000b. Preparation of organic/inorganic composite membranes by plasma-graft filhng polymerization technique for oiganic-hquid separation. Ind. Ene. Chem. Res. 39 3284-3290. 

Kim, S.O.Y., Kanamori, T. and Shinbo, T. 2002b. Preparation of thermal-responsive poly(propylene) membranes grafted with n-isopropylacrylamide by plasma-induced polymerization and their water permeation. 

Xie, R., Chu, L.-Y., Chen, W.-M., Xiao, W., Wang, H.-D. and Qu, J.-B. 2005. Characterization of microstructure of poly(N-isopropylamide)-grafted polycarbonate track-etched membranes prepared by plasma-graft pore-filling polymerization.. 7. Memh. Sci. 258 157-166. 

Thin composite films are formed by simultaneous polymerization of compounds during the vacuum evaporation of metals. Modifications have been reported using different modes of preparation and introducing nanoparticles. One version includes simultaneous evaporation of a monomer and metal from different sources, while another relies on the combination of plasma polymerization and metal evaporation." Plasma-induced graft polymerization of traditional monomers (e.g., vinylim-idazole on a capron film) " was carried out during metal evaporation. The plasma polymerization of organometallic compoimds is of special interest." For example, plasma-induced polymerization of diethylberyllimn is remarkable for the simplicity of the equipment required. "... 

Oxygen plasma treatment was used to induce the graft polymerization of AA on PHBHV films. The peroxides generated at the surface initiated the polymerization of AA at 75°C and [28] the grafted poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) chains were then coupled with amino-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) to prepare PHBHV-g-(PAA- -PEO). 

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