Through supported liquid membranes

Permeability of Cesium through Supported Liquid Membranes... 

Martak, J., Schlosser, S. and Vlckova, S. (2007) Pertraction of lactic acid through supported liquid membranes containing phosphonium ionic liquid. Submited for publication in Journal of Membrane Science. 

Danesi, P.R. and Reichley-Yinger, L., Origin and significance of the deviations from a pseudo first order rate law in the coupled transport of metal species through supported liquid membrane. J. Membr. Sci., 1986, 29 195-206. 

Kopunec, R. and Thang, N.M., Carrier-mediated transport of rare earth elements through liquid membranes. IE. Transport of Sc, Y, Ce, Eu, Gd, Tm, Yb through supported liquid membrane containing DEHPA. J. Radioanal Nucl Chem., 1993, 170 51-66. 

Nakamura, S. and Akiba, K., Transport of europium(III) through supported liquid membrane containing diisodecylphosphoric acid. Sep. Sci. Tech., 1989, 24 673-683. 

The ability of calixarenes to bind large metal ions with high kinetic stability is important in the search for complexants for radionuclides such as Cs (ti/2 = 30.2 yr) and Sr (ti/2 = 65 d) from the reprocessing of exhausted nuclear fuel. There has been considerable interest in caesium-complexed calix[4]-bis-crowns as selective Cs-carriers. Transport isotherms of trace level Cs through supported liquid membranes containing calix[4]-bis-crowns have been determined as a function of the ionic concentration of the aqueous feeder solutions, and l,3-calix[4]-bis-o-benzo-crown-6 appears to be much more efficient in decontamination than mixtures of crown ethers and acidic exchangers, especially in highly acidic media. " ... 

Martinez-Diaz et al. have reported the synthesis of chiral podands and macrocycles based on 1,2,4-triazole (Figure 64) [89]. They have observed enantioselective transportation of chiral ammonium cations through supported liquid membranes. 

Chrisstoffels LAJ, de Jong F, Reinhoudt DN, Mechanistic studies of carrier-mediated transport through supported liquid membranes. In Bartsch RA, Way JD, Eds., Chemical Separations with Liquid Membranes, ACS Symposium Series 642. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1996 Chapter 3 18-56. 

JuangR, Lo R, Kinetics of the coupled transport of vanadium(IV) from sulfate solutions through supported liquid membranes. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994 33 1011-1016. 

Plucinski, P., Nitsch, W. (1988). Calculation of permeation rates through supported liquid membranes based on the kinetics of hquid-hquid extraction. J. Membr. Sci., 39, 43-59. 

Matsumoto, M., Ueba, K., Kondo, K. (2006). Separation of benzene/cyclohexane mixture through supported liquid membranes with an ionic liquid. Solvent Extr. Res. Dev., 13, 51-59. 

In 1986, Teramoto et al. [56] reported a series of experiments on the permeation of ethylene and ethane through supported liquid membranes containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) aqueous solutions at ambient temperature. It was found the highest selectivity for ethylene over ethane of approximately 1000 when sUver nitrate (AgNO3) concentration was 4 mol/dm and an ethylene permeabihty of 3 x 10 barrer/cm. However, the selectivity was lost in about 200 min. 

Synthesis of Phosphoric Acids and Their Derivatives. - A series of monoalkyl and dialkyl phosphorus acid chiral esters have been synthesised for use as carriers for the transport of aromatic amino acids through supported liquid membranes. The compounds acted as effective carriers but enantio-separation was at best moderate. A range of phosphono- and phosphoro-fluoridates have been prepared by treatment of the corresponding thio- or seleno- phosphorus acids with aqueous silver fluoride at room temperature (Scheme 1). In some cases oxidation rather than fluorination occurred. Stereospecifically deuterium-labelled allylic isoprenoid diphosphates, e.g. (1), have been synthesised from the corresponding deuterium-labelled aldehyde by asymmetric reduction, phosphorylation and Sn2 displacement with pyrophosphate (Scheme 2). ... 

Matsumoto M, Inomoto Y, Kondo K (2(X)5) Selective separation of aromatic hydrocarbons through supported liquid membranes based on ionic liquids. J Membr Sci 246 77-81... 

The final note is on the transport through (supported) liquid membranes. Evidently, this is closely related to extraction but has its own, often complicated, theory. Corresponding models, accounting both for chemistry and mass transfer, are discussed, e.g., in Refs. 38—44. 

Since the solubility of various gases in ILs varies widely, they may be uniquely suited for use as solvents for gas separations [97]. Since they are non-volatile, they cannot evaporate to cause contamination of the gas stream. This is important when selective solvents are used in conventional absorbers, or when they are used in supported liquid membranes. For conventional absorbers, the ability to separate one gas from another depends entirely on the relative solubilities (ratio of Henry s law constants) of the gases. In addition, ILs are particularly promising for supported liquid membranes because they have the potential to be incredibly stable. Supported liquid membranes that incorporate conventional liquids eventually deteriorate because the liquid slowly evaporates. Moreover, this finite evaporation rate limits how thin one can make the membrane. This means that the net flux through the membrane is decreased. These problems could be eliminated with a non-volatile liquid. In the absence of facilitated transport (e.g., complexation of CO2 with amines to form carbamates), the permeability of gases through supported liquid membranes depends on both their solubility and diffusivity. The flux of one gas relative to the other can be estimated using a simplified solution-diffusion model ... 

The calix[4]arene oc-aminophosphonates are highly selective receptors for amino acids. They exhibit excellent selectivity as carriers of the zwitterionic form of aromatic amino acids through supported liquid membranes. 

A.P. de los Rfos, F.J. HemSndez-Femdndez, M. Rubio et al.. Highly selective transport of transesterification reaction compounds through supported liquid membranes containing ionic liquids based on the tetrafluoroborate anion. Desalination 250 (2010) 101-104. 

Kedari, C.S., Pandit, S.S., Ramanujam, A., Selective permeation of plutonium(VI) through supported liquid membrane containing 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid as ion carrier, J. Membr. Sci. 156, 187, 1999. 

The uranyl cation (U02 ) proved to be very versatile. It is easy to introduce and stable metallomacrocycles and -clefts can be obtained. Initially we have devoted our attention to polar neutral guests but, realizing that if the lone pairs of these guests can coordinate to the Lewis acid, also anions should be complexed. The selective complexation and transport through supported liquid membranes of... 

PV by supported liquid membranes (SLMs) is a process for separating VOCs from their dilute aqueous solution. PV through supported liquid membranes has been suggested especially for the separation and concentration of fermentation products such as EtOH, butanol, diacetyl, and acetic acid (Ishii et al. 1995 Komada and... 

Kocherginsky N M and Yang Q (2007), Big Carrousel mechanism of copper removal from ammoniacal wastewater through supported liquid membrane , Sep Purif Technol, 54,104-116. 

Moreno, C Valiente, M. Studies on the mechanism of transport of lanthanide ions through supported liquid membranes containing di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA) as a carrier. Journal of Membrane Science, 1999, 155, 155-162. 

Teramoto, M. Nakai, K. Ohnishi, N. Huang, Q. Watari, T. Matsuyama, H. 1996, Facilitated Transport of Carbon Dioxide through Supported Liquid Membranes of Aqueous Amine Solutions. Ind.Eng.Chem.Res. 35. 

ABSTRACT. Synthetic receptor molecules derived from calix[4]arenes have been used in different technological applications. The use of various functionalized calix[4]arenes in selective membrane transport through supported liquid membranes, selective cation detection with chemically modified field effect transistors, as preorganized donor-7c-acceptor systems in non linear optics and in the development of monolayers with receptor headgroups is discussed. 

Calix[4]arenes in selective ion transport through supported liquid membranes... 

Mahmoud, M.H.H., Nakamura, S. Akiba, K. (1997) Separation of molybdenum(VI) and uranium(VI) through supported liquid membrane containing a-hydroxy oxime as a mobile carrier. Analytical Sciences, 13, 149 152. 

Ata, O.N. (2007) Mathematical modelling of unsteady-state transport of metal ions through supported liquid membrane. Hydrometallurgy, 87,148-156. 

Singh, S.K., Misra, S.K., Tripathi, S.C. Singh, D.K. (2010) Studies on permeation of uranium (VI) from pho sphoric acid medium through supported liquid membrane comprising a binary mixture of PC88A and Cyanex 923 in n-dodecane as carrier. Desalination, 250,19-25. 

Fontas, C., Tayeb, R., Tingry, S., Hidalgo, M. Seta, P. (2005) Transport of platinum(IV) through supported liquid membrane (SLM) and polymeric plasticized membrane (PPM). Journal ofMembrane Science, 263, 96-102. 

Theory and Mechanism. In Chapter 3, Reinhoudt and coworkers review recent mechanistic aspects of carrier-assisted transport through supported liquid membranes. Carriers for selective transport of neutral molecules, anions, cations, or zwitterionic species have been developed. Transport is described in terms of partitioning, complexation, and diffusion. Most of the mechanistic studies were focused on diffusion-limited transport, in which diffusion of the solute-carrier complex through the membrane phase is the rate-limiting step for transport. However, for some new carriers, the rate-limiting step was found to be decomplexation at the membrane phase-receiving phase interface. 

---