Plant life

The "Plant Life Assessment Network (PLAN) mentioned first is a network promoted by the Commission to coordinate research funded under the EU Programmes in the area of Plant Life Assessment. This network therefore acts as a coordinating forum for both projects and the other networks mentioned, and will be described in further details below. 

The "Plant Life Assessment Network" (PLAN), was started on the 1/12/1997, established around EU funded research projects working in the area of inspection, instrumentation, monitoring, structural mechanics and maintenance. 

I have fond memories of my brief period as a natural product chemist, particularly because it de facto still involved collecting and isolating prodncts from nature s diverse plant life and doing chemistry directly on them. Most natural product chemists these days do not have this experience. 

In photosynthesis, nature recycles carbon dioxide and water, using the energy of sunlight, into carbohydrates and thus new plant life. The subsequent formation of fossil fuels from the biomass, however, takes... 

Because of its position in the Periodic Table, molybdenum has sometimes been linked to chromium (see Chromiumand chromium alloys) or to other heavy metals. However, unlike those elements, molybdenum and its compounds have relatively low toxicity, as shown in Table 3. On the other hand, molybdenum has been identified as a micronutrient essential to plant life (11,12) (see Fertilizers), and plays a principal biochemical role in animal health as a constituent of several important enzyme systems (see Mineral nutrients). 

A ruthenium-based catalyst is used but low yields resulting from unexpected side reactions are stiU a problem. Refinement of alternative route ammonia manufacture and advances in genetic engineering, allowing a wider range of plant life to fix nitrogen in situ should provide assurance for long term world food needs. 

Agriculture is the largest industry for sulfur consumption. Historically, the production of phosphate fertilizers has driven the sulfur market. Phosphate fertilizers account for approximately 60% of the sulfur consumed globally. Thus, although sulfur is an important plant nutrient in itself, its greatest use in the fertilizer industry is as sulfuric acid, which is needed to break down the chemical and physical stmcture of phosphate rock to make the phosphate content more available to plant life. Other mineral acids, as well as high temperatures, also have the abiUty to achieve this result. Because of market price and availabiUty, sulfuric acid is the most economic method. About 90% of sulfur used in the fertilizer industry is for the production of phosphate fertilizers. Based on this technology, the phosphate fertilizer industry is expected to continue to depend on sulfur and sulfuric acid as a raw material. 

The balance between animal and plant life cycles as affected by the solubiHty of carbon dioxide ia the earth s water results ia the carbon dioxide content ia the atmosphere of about 0.03 vol %. However, carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere seems to be increa sing as iacreased amounts of fossil fuels are burned. There is some evidence that the rate of release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere may be greater than the earth s abiHty to assimilate it. Measurements from the U.S. Water Bureau show an iacrease of 1.36% ia the CO2 content of the atmosphere ia a five-year period and predictions iadicate that by the year 2000 the content may have iacreased by 25% (see Airpollution). 

Because clays (rocks) usually contain more than one mineral and the various clay minerals differ in chemical and physical properties, the term clay may signify entirely different things to different clay users. Whereas the geologist views clay as a raw material for shale, the pedologist as a dynamic system to support plant life, and the ceramist as a body to be processed in preparation for vitrification, the chemist and technologist view clay as a catalyst, adsorbent, filler, coater, or source of aluminum or lithium compounds, etc. 

Cellulose (-C,H,0-) Framework of all plant life, as the main structural... 

Lignin Amorphous. The other main component in cell walls of all plant life. 

Combined Cycle Power Plant Life Cycle Cost Initial Cost... 

Maintenance practices are being combined more and more with operational practices to ensure that plants have the highest reliability with maximum efficiency. This has led to the importance of performance condition monitoring as a major tool in the operation and maintenance of a plant. Life cycle costs, rightly so, now drive the entire purchasing cycle and thus the... 

Boyce, M.P., Managing Power Plant Life Cycle Costs, International Power Generation, pp. 21-23, July 1999. 

The most evident damage from acid depositions is to freshwater lake and stream ecosystems. Acid depositions can lower the pH of the water, with potentially serious consequences for fish, other animal, and plant life. Lakes in areas with soils containing only small amounts of calcium or magnesium carbonates that could help neutralize acidified rain are especially at risk. Few fish species can survive the sudden shifts in pH (and the effects of soluble... 

It is usual to think that plastics are a relatively recent development but in fact, as part of the larger family called polymers, they are a basic ingredient of animal and plant life. Polymers are different from metals in the sense that their structure consists of very long chain-like molecules. Natural materials such as silk, shellac, bitumen, rubber and cellulose have this type of structure. However, it was not until the 19th century that attempts were made to develop a synthetic... 

Some heavy metals are essential to life at low concentrations but are dangerous to animal and plant life in higher concentrations. Generally, it is the free metal ion that is the most toxic however, with Hg and Sn certain organic-forms have a greater toxicity. 

The control of air moisture content within the occupied space to ensure the well-being of human, animal, or plant life... 

Pollen Small particles of the male fertilizing seeds of plant life, which may cause various allergic reactions especially of the respiratory tract, known as hay fever. 

The Crop Protection Institute represents the manufacturers, de >elopers and distributors of plant life science solutions for agriculture, forestiy and pest management in Canada. 

The CESARS database contains comprehensive environmental and health information on chemicals. It provides detailed descriptions of chemical toxicity to humans, mammals, aquatic and plant life, as well as data on physical chemical properties, and environmental fate and persistence. Each record consists of chemical identification information and provides descriptive data on up to 23 topic areas, ranging from chemical properties to toxicity to environmental transport and fate. Records are in English. Available online through CCINFOline from the Canadian Centre For Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) and Chemical Information System (CIS) on CD-ROM through CCIN-FOdisc. 

Most facilities keep records on the operating status of the plant, usually in the form of monthly status reports or a chart that displays production level versus days, weeks, or months over the plant life. Changes in plant status are generally noted by date on either of these two data sources, but may also be logged separately. This information is important so that an accurate count of the number of hours spent in each plant state (operating versus nonoperating) and number of demands due to plant state changes can be used for reliability and risk analysis. 

The esters play a most important part in the economy of plant life, and are highly important constituents of numerous essential oils. Indeed, in many cases they are the dominating constituent, and the oil may be said to owe its perfume value largely, or in some cases almost entirely, to the esters it contains. 

To a farmer, soil is the substance that supports plant life. To a geologist soil is an ambiguous term that refers to the material that supports life plus the loose rock from which it was derived. To the engineer, soil has a broader meaning. 

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