Piper

Introduction and commercial application Safety and the environment have become important elements of all parts of the field life cycle, and involve all of the technical and support functions in an oil company. The Piper Alpha disaster in the North Sea in 1988 has resulted in a major change in the approach to management of safety of world-wide oil and gas exploration and production activities. Companies recognise that good safety and environmental management make economic sense and are essential to guaranteeing long term presence in the industry. 

The UK government enquiry into the Piper Alpha disaster in the North Sea in 1988 has had a significant impact on working practices and equipment and has helped to improve offshore safety around the world. One result has been the development of a Safety Management System (SMS) which is a method of integrating work practices, and is a form of quality management system. Major oil companies have each developed their own specific SMS, to suit local environments and modes of operation, but the SMS typically addresses the following areas (recommended by the Cullen Enquiry into the Piper Alpha disaster) ... 

Ctillen. The Public Inquiry into The Piper Alpha Disaster (cmliiO)... 

Piper L G and Cowles L M 1986 Einstein coefficients and transition moment variation for the NC(A S -X n) transition J. Chem. Phys. 85 2419-22... 

Gillis H P, Choutov D A, Steiner P A IV, Piper J D, Crouch J H, Dove P M and Martin K P 1995 Low energy electron enhanced etching of Si(IOO) in hydrogen-helium DC plasma App/. Phys. Lett. 66 2475-7... 

Strike breaks off a piece of the plant and smells it. Oh Yeah That s the bomb The plant is called Piper auritum. Its common name is Hojo Santa. Strike loves Strike s mother. 

L. P. Piper, HTPB PropellantMging CPTR 82-12, CPIA Pubhcations, Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, Md., June 1988. 

Nuts have many uses, both industrial and domestic. For instance, the ivory nut, or tagua, is a source material for the manufacture of buttons and turnery articles. The kola nut supplies ingredients for popular cola beverages in the United States (see Carbonated beverages). StTychnos nux-vomica provides the important medicine and poison, strychnine. The areca or betel nut is chewed by the Indian and Malayan people as a narcotic a slice of the nut is placed in a leaf of the pepper plant Piper betle) together with a pinch of lime the mixture is an acrid, astringent narcotic that dyes the mouth red, blackens and destroys the teeth. The areca nut contains, among other alkaloids, arecoline, an active anthelminthic widely used in veterinary practice for the treatment of tapeworm infections. 

J. L. Bischoff and D. Z. Piper, eds.. Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Pacific Manganese Module Province, Plenum Press, New York, 1979. 

E. M. Piper, 6th IL4SM Resource Conference, Luxenborg, Austria, Colorado School of Mines Press, Golden, Colo., 1981. 

C. S. Piper, Soil and Plant Analysis, Interscience PubUshers, Inc., New York, 1944. 

V-Alkylpipera ines and PIP can react with nitrosating agents such as nitrogen oxides, nitrites or nitrous acid to form nitrosamine derivatives (61,62). Piper a2ine dihydrochloride [142-64-3] reacts with aqueous sodium nitrite and HCl to give the dinitrosamine that melts at 156—158°C (61). 

Docosanoic acid (behenic acid) [112-85-6] M 340.6, m 81-82°, pKes,-4.9. Crystd from ligroin. [Francis and Piper J Am Chem Soc 61 577 7959]. 

Piperic acid [tra/ts,tra/ts-5-(3,4-methyienedioxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadieneoic acid] [136-72-1] M 218.2, m 217 , pKe i 4.7. Crystd from EtOH. Turns yellow in light. Sublimes with partial dec. 

In addition to these formal studies of human error in the CPI, almost all the major accident investigations in recent years, for example, Texas City, Piper Alpha, Phillips 66, Feyzin, Mexico City, have shown human error as a significant causal factors in design, operations, maintenance or the management of the process. Figures 4.4-1 and 4.4-2 show the effects of human error on nuclear plant operation. 

Anderson first hydrolysed piperine by alkalis into a base and an acid, which were named by Babo and Keller piperidine and piperic acid respectively. The chemistry of these products is so well known that it need not be discussed here. The alkaloid was synthesised by Rugheimer by the action of piperoyl chloride on pijieridine. 

W. D. Cullen, The Public Inquity into the Piper Alpha Disaster, Her Majesty s Stationery Office, London, 1990, especially Paragraphs 6.109, 6.187, 11.3, and 18.29. 

The discovery of the Balz-Schiemann reaction in 1927 replaced the earlier Wallach procedure (1886) based on fluorodediazoniation of arenediazonium piper-idides (aryltriazenes) in aqueous hydrogen fluoride [40 41]... 

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