PHOSPHO

TMPP trimethylolpropane phosphite or 4-ethyl-2.6.7-trioxa-1 -phospho-... 

Phosphorus tnbromide reacts with alcohols to give alkyl bromides and phospho rous acid... 

Section 19 16 Halogenation at the a carbon atom of carboxylic acids can be accom plished by the Hell-Volhard-Zehnsky reaction An acid is treated with chlorine or bromine m the presence of a catalytic quantity of phospho rus or a phosphorus trihalide... 

Fig. 1. Chemical stmcture of phosphatidylcholine (PC) (1) and other related phosphohpids. R C O represents fatty acid residues. The choline fragment may be replaced by other moieties such as ethanolamine (2) to give phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), inositol (3) to give phosphatidylinositol (PI), serine (4), or glycerol (5). IfH replaces choline, the compound is phosphatidic acid (6). The corresponding lUPAC-lUB names ate (1), l,2-diacyl-t -glyceto(3)phosphocholine (2), l,2-diacyl-t -glyceto(3)phosphoethanolamine (3), 1,2-diacyl-t -glyceto(3)phosphoinositol (4), 1,2-diacyl-t -glyceto(3)phospho-L-serine and (5), l,2-diacyl-t -glyceto(3)phospho(3)-t -glycetol.

Name Refuse, wt % Water, wt % Protein, g Fat,g Total carbohy-dr ate,g Eiber, g Ash, g Calcium, mg Phospho, mg... 

Phospho-L-threonine (L-threonine-O-phosphate) [1114-81-4] M 199.1, m 194 (dec), [a]p -7.37 (c 2.8, H2O) (pK as above). Dissolve in the minimum volume of H2O, add charcoal, stir for a few min, filter and apply onto a Dowex 50W (H" " form) then elute with 2N HCI. Evaporate the eluates under reduced pressure whereby the desired fraction produced crystals of the phosphate which can be recrystd from H2O-MeOH mixtures and the crystals are then dried in vacuo over P2O5 at 80 . [de Verdier Acta Chem Scand 7 196 7955.]... 

The stmcture was determined to 2.8 A resolution in the laboratory of Tom Steitz, Yale University, (d) The glycolytic enzyme phospho-glycerate mutase, which catalyzes transfer of a phos-phoryl group from carbon 3 to carbon 2 In phosphoglycerate. The structure was determined to 2.S A resolution in the laboratory of Herman Watson, Bristol University, UK. (Adapted from J. Richardson.)... 

In the reactions characterized in the general sense above, phenyl and benzyl were the organic residues bound to phosphorus. It is not clear which of these groups is removed in the LAH dealkylation step. It should also be noted that as tetraquaternary phosphonium salts, these species do not qualify as crown analogs in the strictest sense because of the absence of lone pair electrons on phosphorus. Furthermore, the quaternary phosphorus can resist oxidation much better than secondary or tertiary phospho-... 

Aminoadipic acid y-Carboxyglutamic acid Pyroglutatnic acid Phosphoserine Phospho threonine Phospho tyrosine... 

PHOSPHOPROTEINS. These proteins have phosphate groups esterified to the hydroxyls of serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues. Casein, the major protein of milk, contains many phosphates and serves to bring essential phosphorus to the growing infant. Many key steps in metabolism are regulated between states of activity or inactivity, depending on the presence or absence of phosphate groups on proteins, as we shall see in Chapter 15. Glycogen phospho-rylase a is one well-studied example. 

Dephosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase is carried out by phospho-protein phosphatase 1. The action of phosphoprotein phosphatase 1 inactivates glycogen phosphorylase. 

H,COPO Ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate (RuBP) carboxylase HCOH 1, H,C0P05 Two 3-Phospho- kinase 1,3-Blsphospho-glvcerate (BPG) dehydrogenase Glyceraldehydi 3-phosphate (G3P)... 

Phosphate esters and anhydrides dominate the living world. Major areas of synthetic interest include oligonucleotides (polymeric phosphate diesters), phospho-rylated peptides, phospholipids, glycosyl phosphates, and inositol phosphates. ... 

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