Phospho- and Glycolipids

Toluidino-2-naphthalene sulfonic acid (TNS reagent) cholesterol [180] phospho- and glycolipids [181] neutral lipids [182]... 

Formation of membrane structures is also due to the hydrophobic effect. When a molecule is composed of both polar and nonpolar moieties, it is said to be amphiphilic. Since the hydrophobic effect is concerned with the tendency for nonpolar molecules or nonpolar components of molecules to associate spontaneously in aqueous solutions, there is a wide range of small molecules such as fatty acids and phospho- and glycolipids which, when dissolved in water, segregate to form membranes or micelles [146]. The same type of segregation occurs in the crystalline state, as in the structures of the long chain alkyl glycosides [147], cerebrosides,... 

Neutral lipids these account for 40-60% of lipids in fresh latex but 82-86% of lipids in dry rubber. This share increase is due to the leaching of hydrophilic lipids (phospho- and glycolipids) as well as to the hydrolysis of fatty acid moieties from those hydrophilic lipids newly released free fatty acids thus join the neutral lipid family. Indeed, free fatty acids account for less than 2% of lipids in latex while they account for more than 20% of those extracted from dry rubber. Neutral lipids can be divided into fatty acids and unsaponiliables. 

Incorporation of diacetylenic fatty acids into biomembrane phospho- and glycolipids has been accomplished with the bacterium. 

Also the HPLC-analysis of phospho- and glycolipids is of growing importance. Figure 3.11 for example demonstrates the separation of soya raw lecithin . 

Ideally, It would be preferable if lipids could be separated into individual molecular species without being modified in any way so that, for example, the biosynthesis or metabolism of each part of the molecule could be studied with isotopically labelled components. The technical problems of the analysis can often be greatly reduced, however, if the polar parts of complex phospho- and glycolipids are... 

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