Organic residual

Distillation. In the case of spent-lye cmde, the composition is ca 80% glycerol, 7% water, 2% organic residue, and less than 10% ash. 

Hydrolysis cmdes are generally of a better quaHty than soap—lye cmdes with a composition of ca 88% glycerol, <1% ash (Httle or no salt), and <1.5% organic residue. 

The preferred method of determining water in glycerol is by the Kad Fischer volumetric method (18). Water can also be determined by a special quantitative distillation in which the distilled water is absorbed by anhydrous magnesium perchlorate (19). Other tests such as ash, alkalinity or acidity, sodium chloride, and total organic residue are included in AOCS methods (13,16,18). 

In the reactions characterized in the general sense above, phenyl and benzyl were the organic residues bound to phosphorus. It is not clear which of these groups is removed in the LAH dealkylation step. It should also be noted that as tetraquaternary phosphonium salts, these species do not qualify as crown analogs in the strictest sense because of the absence of lone pair electrons on phosphorus. Furthermore, the quaternary phosphorus can resist oxidation much better than secondary or tertiary phospho-... 

The residue comprising chiefly cyclopentylacetonitrile is washed with dilute hydrochloric acid to remove any amine which may have been formed during the hydrogenation process, and the organic residue comprising cyclopentylacetonitrile is dissolved in ether, the ether solution dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and distilled. The cyclopentylacetonitrile boils at 185° to 187°C and has a refractive index of no = 1.4456. 

Bromocyclopentyl-(o-chlorophenyl)-ketone, BP 111° to 114°C (0.1 mm) is isolated in the usual manner. Since it is unstable, it must be used immediately. The bromoketone (29.0 g) is dissolved in 50 ml of liquid methylamine. After one hour, the excess liquid methylamine is allowed to evaporate. The organic residue is dissolved in pentane, and upon evaporation of the solvent, 1-hydroxycyclopentyl-(o-chlorophenyl)-ketone N-methylimine, MP 62°C, is isolated. 

While etch primers, also known as pretreatment primers and wash primers, can be regarded as priming paints which promote their own adhesion by etching the metal surface, they may also be regarded as phosphate/chromate etching treatments which leave an organic residue on the surface to form the basis of the subsequent paint scheme. A detailed account of the etch primers has been given by Coleman . 

You will note that the oxygen atoms attached to carbons 5 and 12 in 43 reside in proximity to the C-9 ketone carbonyl. Under sufficiently acidic conditions, it is conceivable that removal of the triethylsilyl protecting groups would be attended by a thermodynamically controlled spiroketalization reaction.30 Indeed, after hydro-genolysis of the C-26 benzyl ether in 43, subjection of the organic residue to the action of para-toluenesulfonic acid in a mixture of methylene chloride, ether, and water accomplishes the desired processes outlined above and provides monensin methyl ester. Finally, saponification of the methyl ester with aqueous sodium hydroxide in methanol furnishes the sodium salt of (+)-monensin [(+)-1], Still s elegant synthesis of monensin is now complete.13... 

Ammonia and its inorganic and organic derivatives (HNR R2) couple readily with arenediazonium ions to give triazenes (Ar — N2—NR R2). Originally these compounds were called diazoamino compounds. Nowadays IUPAC nomenclature (IUPAC, 1979, Rule 942.2) recommends that the prefix diazoamino should be used only for compounds with the same organic residue at each end of the — N2 —NH — group. 

Bisorganomercury compounds with carbonyl groups in the P- and P -positions (10.68) give arylmercury chloride (10.67) together with the dimer (10.69) of the organic residue that is bounded to mercury in the starting material (Hu et al., 1991 yields 10.67 64-98%, 10.69 50-63%). 

Pharmaeeutieal manufaeture Recovery and purification solvent streams Alcohols, ketones, benzene, xylene, toluene, organic residues... 

The state of communities and ecosystems can be described according to both structural and functional parameters (see Chapter 14 in Walker et al. 2000). Functional analyses include the measurement of nutrient cycling, turnover of organic residues, energy flow, and niche metrics. Structural analyses include the assessment of species present, their population densities, and their genetic composition. 

Several reactivation routes of the used catalyst were tested such as dissolution of organic residues by dichloromethane or burning of them by heating in air. In this way, initial activity was recovered, thus regaining complete conversion. 

Verstraete W, W Devlieger (1996) Formation of non-bioavailable organic residues in soil perspectives for site remediation. Biodegradation 7 471-485. 

The only accident that involves a saturated ester is the result of an attempt to extract an organic residue containing hydrogen peroxide with ethyl acetate. The latter was mixed with methanol and refluxed with the residue and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous solution. A second extraction was carried out with acetate and the liquid was then evaporated. The small quantity of the compound that remained after the evaporation detonated violently. It was thought that this detonation was the result of the violent decomposition of methyl hydroperoxide, peracetic acid and/or ethyl peracetate. 

Neutral interactions are found extensively in the rhizosphere of all crop plants. Saprophytic microorganisms are responsible for many vital soil processes, such as decomposition of organic residues in soil and associated soil nutrient mineralization/turnover processes. While these organisms do not appear to benefit or harm the plant directly (hence the tenn neutral), their presence is obviously vital for soil nutrient dynamics and their ab.sence would clearly influence plant health and productivity. 

M. J. Brimecombe, F. A. A. M. De Leij, and J. M. Lynch. Effect of genetically modified Pseudomonas fluorescens strains on the uptake of nitrogen by pea from N enriched organic residues. Letters in Applied Microbiology 26 155 (1998). 

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