Paints and coatings manufacturers

There are approximately 114 paint remover manufacturers in the United States. Among them are companies that speciali2e in the manufacture of paint removers only, paint and coating manufacturers that produce a line of paint removers, specialty products manufacturers, and other manufacturers of finish removers for unique or special appHcations. Each group of paint remover manufacturer can be divided into retail or industrial products. A Hst of U.S. paint remover manufacturers is given in Table 2. 

Paint and coating manufacturers use over 40 different t)q)es of extenders, fillers, and pigments, in construction, perhaps more than in any other industry.These materials are added to lower the cost, except for pigments and minerals added for gloss or flatness of finishes. Titanium dioxide pigment is the most important mineral in paints. Other t)q)es of fillers include alumina hydrate, barite, calcium carbonate, kaolin, mica, silica, and talc.t l... 

Dibutyl phthalate (DBF) Di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) CAS 84-74-2 Diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) CAS 84-69-5 10 <50 Yes (Gray et al. 2000) Solvent adhesives, binding agents, paint, and coating manufacturing Plasticizer plastic and vinyl products (e.g., shower curtains, rain coats)... 

Lead Tetroxide. Lead tetroxide (red lead minium lead orthoplumbite), Pb O, is a brilliant orange-red pigment which accounted for U.S. shipments of 17,780 t ia 1977, mainly to the ceramics and storage battery iadustries (40). U.S. shipments ia 1993 amounted to approximately 12,000 t. The decrease ia usage siace 1973 (19,000 t) is attributable to discontinued use ia the paint and coatings (qv) iadustry, and alterations ia mbber and ceramics (qv) markets. It is iasoluble ia water and alcohol, and dissolves ia acetic acid or hot hydrochloric acid. Red lead is manufactured by heating lead monoxide ia a reverberatory furnace ia the preseace of air at 450—500°C uatil the desired oxidative composition is obtaiaed. 

Methylene Chloride Consumption By Paint and Coating EemovalGroups, Paint Remover Manufacturer s Association, 1992. 

On Table I is a list of the major end uses for the new chemicals submitted up through the end of 1981. Intermediates in the manufacture of other chemicals, polymers for a variety of end uses but mainly for paints and coatings, and additives such as flame retardants, plasticizers and antioxidants for plastics account for over half of all the uses of these new chemicals. These seven major categories in total represent slightly over three fourths of all projected uses. One would suspect that this pattern will change with market demand and competitive developments and a year from now we might see intense R D activity in some other specific market areas culminate in the introduction of a line of new chemical substances. 

The unique surface characteristics of polysiloxanes mean that they are extensively used as surfactants. Silicone surfactants have been thoroughly studied and described in numerous articles. For an extensive, in-depth discussion of this subject, a recent chapter by Hill,476 and his introductory chapter in the monograph he later edited,477 are excellent references. In the latter monograph, many aspects of silicone surfactants are described in 12 chapters. In the introduction, Hill discusses the chemistry of silicone surfactants, surface activity, aggregation behavior of silicone surfactants in various media, and their key applications in polyurethane foam manufacture, in textile and fiber industry, in personal care, and in paint and coating industries. All this information (with 200 cited references) provides a broad background for the discussion of more specific issues covered in other chapters. Thus, surfactants based on silicone polyether co-polymers are surveyed.478 Novel siloxane surfactant structures,479 surface activity and aggregation phenomena,480 silicone surfactants application in the formation of polyurethane foam,481 foam control and... 

Specialty chemicals comprise a large number of chemicals that are used as aids to the manufacture of other major products (e.g., in paper milling, plastic production, water treatment, mining), are used as end products (e.g., pesticides in farming), or are components of consumer products (personal care products, paints and coatings, adhesives and sealants, photographic chemicals). 

Figure 19.1 U.S. shipments of paints and coatings and its subdivisions. Source Annual Survey of Manufactures)...

Pigment slurries are one of the major components in paints and coatings that contribute to or affect the performance of a formulation. The nature of pigment slurries makes them extremely susceptible to microbiological contamination that can degrade the final formulation. Often biodeterioration can be prevented with plant sanitation and the use of a preservative, but formulators must not rely on the precept that a particular preservative that works today will always remain effective down the road. In complex environments, contaminants can enter the system at different points, or a formulation change may render the original preservative less effective. Manufacturers must remain aware of trends in the industry to ensure their products are properly protected. 

Nitropropane is produced in low volume and occupational exposures occur primarily in its production and use as a solvent in inks, adhesives, paints and coatings. Exposures of the general population may occur in ambient air and water near industrial sites manufacturing or using 2-nitropropane, in cigarette smoke, and possibly from its solvent uses. 

While not as widely used as in the past, heavy metal-bearing compounds are still common in many paints and coating formulations. Because of these compounds, wastes associated with the manufacturing and application of paints and coatings also contain metal-bearing compounds. 

ANTIFOULING AGENTS. Various chemical substances added to paints and coatings to combat mildew and crustaceous formations, such as barnacles on the hull of a ship. In the past, large quantities of mercury compounds have been used in this manner. With growing environmental concern over possible mercury pollution, manufacturers have been turning to other, sometimes less efficacious compounds, Research continues to find compounds of a less toxic, but equally effective power of the mercury compounds. Bis(tributyltin) fluoride has been used on ship bottoms. See also Mercury. 

As mentioned above, one interesting aspect of the chemical sector is that the industry as a whole is highly fragmented. The top ten companies in chemicals (excluding pharmaceuticals) account for only 18 percent of the total market, well below comparable values in other industries, such as automobiles, where the top ten firms account for 85 percent of sales, or pharmaceuticals, where the top firms account for more than half of all sales (Fig. 1.6). While the overall consolidation level is low, several product segments have already consolidated. The top ten manufacturers of acrylic acid, for instance, account for 85 percent of their market. The top ten manufacturers of crop protection products account for 87 percent of their market, and the top ten in paints and coatings for 42 percent. 

In general, the sulfonic acids are water soluble and are strong acids because of virtually complete loss of ionizable H+ in aqueous solution. They have some important commercial applications, such as in the hydrolysis of fats and oils (see Section 3.5) to fatty acids and glycerol. Benzenesulfonic acid is fused with NaOH in the preparation of phenol. Dyes and some pharmaceutical compounds are manufactured from p-toluenesulfonic acid. Methanesulfonic acid has been developed as an esterification catalyst in place of sulfuric acid for the synthesis of resins in paints and coatings. 

The rheology of polymer solutions is a subject of considerable practical interest. It is important in several stages of the manufacturing and processing of polymers, e.g. in the spinning of fibres and the casting of films from solutions, and especially in the paints and coatings industry. 

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