Waste management on-site

Radioactive waste may be processed at a nuclear power plant or at an off-site facility. Preference should be given to on-site waste management. In various cases, transport to off-site facilities is advantageous (for example, for incineration) or necessary (to a repository). Radioactive waste should be moved from a nuclear site to another installation or site only if its transport is authorized by the regulatory body. 

Data on the waste management phase those are really difficult to obtain. Measurements of additive emissions are scarce. Material specific emissions data are always modelled. Estimates can only be based on rough assumptions. Especially in cases of unprotected landfills, the leaching from landfill sites may be important here, too, it is better to use crude estimates than nothing at all. Assumptions on emission rates together with an assumed time horizon should be made. 

A.29. Waste management. The implementation of arrangements for on-site waste treatment, conditioning and storage should be reviewed and records should be inspected. In particular, the waste characterization process, the compliance with any requirements for waste storage or disposal, and the records for these processes should be subject to inspection. 

MAO, H et al.. Remediation of Inactive Mining and Milling Sites. Proceedings of the 1993 International Conference on Nuclear Waste Management and Environmental Restoration, Prague, Czech Republic. ASME, New York, New York, 1993. 

Site Training. The construction industry includes thousands of skilled and unskilled workers, in many cases sub-contacted by the main conti actor. Their time on the site could be relatively short and though an induction may be carried out on health and safety issues, it is rare for inductions to given on good site waste management, such as the importance of segregating waste into the correct skips. 

Department OF THE Environment 1990. Landfilling Wastes, Technical Memorandum for the Disposal of Wa.stes on Landfill Sites. Waste management paper 26, HMSO, London. 

Many of these techniques involve source reduction— the preferred option on the EPA s hierarchy of waste management (24). Others deal with on-and off-site recycling. The best way to determine how these general approaches can fit a particular company s needs is to conduct a waste minimization... 

Recychng (or reuse) refers to the use (or reuse) of materials that would otherwise be disposed of or treated as a waste product. A good example is a rechargeable battery. Wastes that cannot be directly reused may often be recovered on-site through methods such as distillation. When on-site recoveiy or reuse is not feasible due to quality specifications or the inability to perform recoveiy on-site, off-site recoveiy at a permitted commerci recoveiy facihty is often a possibility. Such management techniqiies are considered secondaiy to source reduc tion and should only oe used when pollution cannot be prevented. 

For those waste streams that can impact public health or the environment (if mismanaged), provide a summary of the treatment and disposal methods (for example, solvents are incinerated or recycled, lab wastes are incinerated) used to manage them and identify the on-site or off-site facilities used. Is the disposal of the waste adequately documented (for example, retention of manifests, bills of lading or transfer notes) ... 

Turpin, R., K. Vora, J. Singh, A. Eissler, and D. Stranbergh. On-Site Air Monitoring Classification by the Use of a Two-Stage Collection Tube," Management of Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites Proceedings, Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, Washington, D.C., 1984. 

At the time of the Site I audit, only two established work zones remained on site an exehision zone eneompassing the waste treatment area and a elean zone eneompassing the remainder of the site. Aeeord-ing to the eontraetor s projeet manager, EPA approved this reduetion in site work zones. As a result of this zone designation, workers exit the exehision zone direetly into a elean zone, removing and disearding PPE in a barrel adjaeent to the operations trailer. 

A new scheme for location management has developed whereby wastes are diverted to separate holding facilities according to the hazard imposed by the waste. Separate pits are created to hold rig washing and precipitation wastes, solid wastes and drilling fluids [225]. The waste is then reused, disposed on site, or hauled away for offsite treatment. The system reduces contamination of less hazardous materials with the more hazardous materials, thereby reducing disposal costs. 

Idris, A., Hassan, M.N., and Chong, T.L., Overview of Municipal Solid Wastes Landfill Sites in Malaysia, Proceeding of 2nd Workshop on Material Cycles and Waste Management in Asia, NIES Tsukuba, Japan, December 2-3, 2003. 

The primary objective is to develop an appropriate range of waste management options to be analyzed more fully in the detailed analysis phase of the FS.12 Appropriate waste management ensures the protection of human health and the environment. It may involve, depending on site-specific circumstances, complete elimination or destruction of hazardous substances at the site, significant reduction of concentrations of hazardous substances to acceptable health-based levels, and prevention of exposure to hazardous substances via engineering or institutional controls, or some combination of the above. 

The facility would use a dry scrubber system for emission control, which would eliminate the need for wastewater treatment. Any water from emission control and from decontamination procedures would be treated in the on-site groundwater treatment system. The residual soil and collected ash is assumed to be nonhazardous and can be disposed of in a solid waste disposal facility in compliance with subtitle D of RCRA. In the event that they cannot be delisted due to the presence of metals, the residuals will be managed as part of the closure of Area 2 shown in Figure 16.21 (lead-contaminated soil). 

A successful modem hazardous industrial waste treatment program for a particular industry will include not only traditional water pollution control but also air pollution control, noise control, soil conservation, site remediation, radiation protection, groundwater protection, hazardous waste management, solid waste disposal, and combined industrial-municipal waste treatment and management. In fact, it should be a holistic environmental control program. Another intention of this handbook series is to provide technical and economical information on the development of the most feasible total environmental control program that can benefit both industry and local municipalities. Frequently, the most economically feasible methodology is a combined industrial-municipal waste treatment. 

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