Nigrosine Black

Procedure. Add 1 ml. of the sample to 23 ml. of an acidic solvent, prepared by dissolving 13-7 g of sodium acetate trihydrate in 500 ml. of absolute methanol, and adding 6 ml. of glacial acetic acid and diluting to 11. with benzene. Add 1 ml. of a 0-02 per cent nigrosine black solution in benzene to suppress the maxima, deaerate an aliquot and subject it to polarographic electrolysis. 

TuU Chemical Co. (Oxford, Alabama) is the only producer of sodium fluoroacetate. It is sometimes colored with the black dye nigrosine. It is usually packed in 8 oz (227 g) or 5 kg cans and is almost exclusively exported. There is very limited use in the United States. 

A smaller volume use of PAP is the production of dyestuffs and resins. Nigrosine dyes are widely used as black colorants in plastics, inks (qv), textiles, and shoe poHshes. 

Dyes in these classes are generally basic dyes ie, the chiomophoie is cationic. Some stmctures have been sulfonated to acid dyes, eg, the Nigrosine, (Cl Solvent Black 5 Cl 50415), (8) to Cl Acid Black 2 [8005-03-6] (Cl 50420) (9). 

Azine Dyes. Azine dyes (qv) include induline and nigrosines. They produce jet blacks unobtainable with carbon black. This was particularly tme of Induline Base in nylon before its manufacture was discontinued because of a carcinogenic impurity (4-aminobiphenyl). The nigrosines are used in ABS, polypropylene, and phenohcs. 

Numerous dyes structurally related to the safranines, such as the eurodines, e.g. (141), the indulines, e.g. (142), the nigrosines (143) and aniline black, a pigment of unknown structure used in the printing industry, are well known and a detailed account of their chemistry and applications has been presented (57HC(ll)l). 

The less important positive CCAs are metal-free cationic molecules, such as the black dye nigrosine and the colorless quaternary compound cetyl pyridinium chloride.35,36... 

Addnl Ref L.Pauling et al, OSRD Rept 3783 (1944)(Ballistitesof approx compn NC 52, NG 43, K nitrate 1.5, DEtPh 3.0 DPhA 0.5% exhibited better thermal stability with added carbon black, ca 0.1%, than with Nigrosine dye. These substances serve as opacifying agents)... 

Polyamines as Coupling Components. Chrysoidines are obtained by coupling dia-zonium salts of aniline, toluidines, or mixtures thereof to polyamine coupling components such as 1,3-phenylenediamine, 2,4- or 2,6- toluylenediamine, or mixtures of these diamines. These dyes confer muted yellow to orange shades to paper, leather, and polyacrylonitrile fibers. When they are mixed with malachite green and fuchsin, medium-fast black shades are obtained on polyacrylonitriles. A mixture of chrysoidine with Crystal Violet or Victoria Pure Blue is used to adjust the color of nigrosine hectograph inks [1]. 

Basic azines are predominantly of historical interest. Yellow, red, brown, blue, and black shades can be obtained with these dyes. Today, Nigrosine Spirit Soluble is still used in shoe polish and creme. The sulfonated variety is applied as a leather dye. It is a polymeric dye containing phenazine ring systems, similar to Aniline Black. C.I. SolventBlack 5, 50415 [11099-03-9] (Nigrosine, spirit-soluble) C.I. Solvent Black 7, 50415 1 [8005-02-5] (4) is the free base. 

Almost all basic dyes have been sulfonated, including Nigrosine Spirit Soluble (see Section 5.4.1) The sulfonated variant C./. Acid Black 2, 50420 [8005-03-6] is still applied to leather, mainly as a shading component for deep black. 

For commercial printing onto nonporous, hydrophobic materials such as plastics, metals, and glass, rapidly drying solvent inks which adhere to these substrates are needed. A typical solvent for these applications is methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). However, alternative alcoholic solvents tike ethanol and N-propanol have been introduced for ecological and safety reasons. The predominant color for industrial marking is black, and solvent soluble 2 1 azo chromium(m) complex, polyazo, Nigrosine, and sulfur dyes are used. Typical formulation of an... 

Positively charging CCAs are organic molecules with a positive charge. Colored positive CCAs tend to be the black Nigrosine dyes, which are mixtures of compounds in which highly arylated phenazines (8) are the major component. Colorless positive CCAs tend to contain a quaternary nitrogen atom cetylpyridi-nium chloride (9), also found in antiseptic mouthwashes, is one of the most widely used [2,3], Triphenylmethane, benzimidazolium and beta di- and tri-car-bonyl compounds are also used [6],... 

The highly viscous spray fluids used in pesticide application have been either water-in-oil emulsions or solutions of macromolecules both systems are non-Newtonian since their viscosity varies with the applied shear. While a viscosity parameter which is suitable for studies on drop formation was subsequently devised for such systems (II), it was necessary to use Newtonian liquids in the initial studies on the effect of viscosity on drop size. Sugar solutions behave as Newtonian liquids and provide a suitable means of varying viscosity over a wide range. These were prepared from a commercially available syrup by dilution with distilled water 1% w/v of a black dye (Nigrosine G140) was added to each solution to render the spray drops visible for sizing. 

Diazoazonaphthalenesulphonic acid, obtained by combination of y8-naphthylaminesulphonic acid and a-naphthylamine, reacts with naphtholsulphonic acids, producing deep blue dyestuffs. One of these comes into commerce as Blue-black or Azo-black, and dyes wool a shade similar to that with nigrosine [68]. 

Both Nigiosine and Acid Black 2 are mixtures, and the structures shown are only typical components. The purer azine dyes of this structure are prepared by controlled stepwise synthesis by reaction of an azobenzene with aniline and aniline hydrochloride. Nigrosine, prepared by oxidizing aniline and aniline hydrochloride with nitrobenzene in the presence of ferric chloride, is similar in structure to nongreening Aniline Black [13007-86-8] (Cl Pigment Black 1 Cl 50440) (10), prepared by oxidizing aniline and aniline hydrochloride with dichromate or sodium chlorate in the presence of an oxygen carrier such as a copper, vanadium, or iron salt. Aniline blacks are prepared in the dyebath with the material to be dyed. 

OIL SOLUBLE AZO DYES The oil soluble, water-insoluble, azo dyes dissolve in oils, fats, waxes, etc. Generally, yellow, orange, red, and brown oil colors are azo structures and greens, blues, and violets are primarily anthraquinones (see Dyes, ANTHRAQUINONE). Blacks are usually nigrosines and indulines of the azine type (see Azine dyes). An example is Oil Red [85-85-6] (127) (Cl Solvent Red 24 Cl 26105). Uses include the coloring of hydrocarbons, waxes, oils, candles, etc. 

Preparation of micrometer-sized microspheres of poly(styrene-co-butyl methacrylate) by dispersion polymerization in the presence of dyes such as Nigrosin, Sudan red 7B, Sudan black B, rhodamine B base, ethyl eosin, phenolphthalein. Disperse orange 13, and Disperse blue [87]. 

Synonyms cas 54-11-5 black leaf nicoode nicotine alkaloid orthn-4dust xl all insecticide Nigrosine... 

Nigrosin N. See Solvent black 7 Nigrosin, alcohol soluble. See Solvent black 5 Nigrosine base Nigrosine base N pure. See Solvent black 7... 

Synonyms Cl 50415 Cl solvent black 5 Lake black extra Nigrosin, alcohol soluble ... 

Synonyms Cl 50415 1 Cl 50415B Induline base P Induline biue base FR Nigrosin N Nigrosine base Nigrosine base N pure Oil black BS Orient speciai biack EB Special black EB... 

Carbon black is often listed as the leading organic colorant (85 million pounds per year), but most of this is used for reinforcemenL stabilization, conductivity, and other purposes. Actually, nigrosine dye is a much more effective black colorant. 

Nigrosines n. Deep blue or black aniline dyes. 

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