Carriers, oxygen

Quinoline may be prepared by heating a mixture of aniline, anhydrous glycerol and concentrated sulphuric acid with an oxidising agent, such as nitrobenzene. The reaction with nitrobenzene alone may proceed with extreme violence, but by the addition of ferrous sulphate, which appears to function as an oxygen carrier, the reaction is extended over a longer period of time and Is under complete control. 

T. M. S. Chang, ed.. Blood Substitutes and Oxygen Carriers, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992. 

In the typical flame or vapor-phase hydrolysis process, which uses SiCfy as the precursor, sihcon tetrachloride vapor is fed into a flame using an oxygen carrier gas. Fine (<50 nm), amorphous sihca particles form in the flame (57). 

Halothane and methoxyflurane are volatile and are used in a vaporizer and deflvered to the animal via an oxygen carrier. Both agents can be dehvered with nitrous oxide [14522-82-8], a mild anesthetic that when combined with halothane or methoxyflurane can induce anesthesia faster than... 

Copper is one of the twenty-seven elements known to be essential to humans (69—72) (see Mineral nutrients). The daily recommended requirement for humans is 2.5—5.0 mg (73). Copper is probably second only to iron as an oxidation catalyst and oxygen carrier in humans (74). It is present in many proteins, such as hemocyanin [9013-32-3] galactose oxidase [9028-79-9] ceruloplasmin [9031 -37-2] dopamine -hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase [9001-66-5] superoxide dismutase [9054-89-17, and phenolase (75,76). Copper aids in photosynthesis and other oxidative processes in plants. 

Most of the novel cycles considered later in this chapter involve semi-closure , i.e. recirculation of some part of the exhaust gases into the compressor as indicated in the simplest example shown in Fig. 8.3. In effect, the exhaust products stream becomes an oxygen carrier. 

The second important process for propylene oxide is epoxidation with peroxides. Many hydroperoxides have been used as oxygen carriers for this reaction. Examples are t-butylhydroperoxide, ethylbenzene hydroperoxide, and peracetic acid. An important advantage of the process is that the coproducts from epoxidation have appreciable economic values. 

Artificial heart Kidney-dialysis system Artificial blood (synthetic oxygen carriers)... 

At 951 K, the reaction rate is directly proportional to Ph2o a catalytic effect that is attributed [808] to the role of water as an oxygen carrier. The reaction rate was also influenced by the method of salt preparation but for a given sample the effect of particle size was small. 

Functional properties of the biological oxygen carriers. A. G. Sykes, Adv. Inorg. Bioinorg. Mech., 1982,1,121-178 (169). 

Inorganic oxygen carriers as models for biological systems. G. McLendon and A. E. Martell, Coord. Chem. Rev., 1976,19, 1-39 (235). 

Tsuchida, E., and Nishide, H. Hemoglobin Model — Artificial Oxygen Carrier Composed of Porphinatoiron Complexes. 132, 63-99 (1986). 

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