National Medal of Science

Ronald Breslow (Co-Chair) is University Professor of Chemistry, Columbia University, and a founder of a new pharmaceutical company. He received his B.A. (1952), M.A. (1954), and Ph.D. (1955) from Harvard University. His research area is organic chemistry with specialization in biochemical model systems, biomimetic synthetic methods, reaction mechanisms, and aromaticity and antiaromaticity. He served as president of the American Chemical Society in 1996 and has authored a book for the general public, Chemistry Today and Tomorrow The Central, Useful, and Creative Science. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the American Philosophical Society. He received the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1991. 

George M. Whitesides is Mallinckrodt Professor of Chemistry at Harvard University. He received his A.B. from Harvard College in 1960 and his Ph.D. from the California Institute of Technology in 1964. His research areas are Materials Science and Organic Chemistry, with specific focus in surface chemistry, materials science, self-assembly, capillary electrophoresis, organic solid state, molecular virology, directed ligand discovery, and protein chemistry. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and he received the U.S. National Medal of Science in 1998. 

Dr. Mark is acknowledged throughout the scientific community as the father of polymer science. He received the National Medal of Science in 1980, the 1978 Senior U.S. Scientist Award, 29 other medals and awards from various international organizations, and 17 honorary degrees. In 1977, he was appointed as an Honorable Member of the Japan Chemical Society. He has published over 500 original and review articles and some 20 books on topics related to polymer chemistry. Dr. Mark is founder and first editor of the Journal of Polymer Science, the definitive publication in its field, and is currently editor of the Journal of Applied Science and associate editor of the Textile Research Journal. In addition to these duties he serves as Chairman of the Editorial Board of the Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology. 

Woodward was awarded the 1965 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his contributions in the field of chemical synthesis. He received many other awards also, including the Davy Medal (1959) and the Copley Medal (1978) of the Royal Society and the U.S. National Medal of Science (1964). He died of a heart attack in Cambridge on July 8,1979. 

During his lifetime, Hammett was awarded the Priestley Medal of the American Chemical Society (1961) and the National Medal of Science (1967). In 1997, he was selected by readers of the chemical journal Chemical Engineering News as one of the 75 most distinguished contributors to the field of science in the preceding 75 years. He served as chairman of the National Research Council s chemistry and chemical technology division from 1946 to 1947 and was chair of the board of the American Chemical Society for 1961. 

During WW II, Pound worked at the Submarine Signal Company and then at MIT s radiation laboratory helping to develop radar and microwave technology. After the war, he became a professor at Harvard in 1948 and stayed until his retirement in 1989. Among his many awards have been the Thompson Memorial Award of the Institute of Radio Engineers in 1948, The Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1965. and the National Medal of Science in 1990. 

Dr. Tishler was very active in the American Chemical Society, serving for many years on the Board of Directors and as President in 1972. He received the Priestley Medal of the ACS in 1970. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Tishler received an honorary Sc.D. from Tufts University in 1956 and a D.Eng. from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1966. In 1987, he received the National Medal of Science. 

He was the recipient of the Arthur C. Cope Award of the American Chemical Society in 1980, the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences in 1982, the National Medal of Science in 1983, the Robert A. Welch Award in 1993, and the Wolf Prize (Israel) in 1996, among many other distinctions. Oxxr conversation took place at Columbia University on May 10, 1999. ... 

Henry Taube (b. 1915 in Canada) is Professor Emeritus of Chemistry of the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University. He received the 1983 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes. His other distinctions include the National Medal of Science (1977), the Robert A. Welch Award in Chemistry (1983), and the Priestley Medal of the American Chemical Society (1985). Our conversation was recorded in Dr. Taube s office at Stanford University on February 28, 1996. ... 

He received the 1992 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems. Dr. Marcus is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. (1970) and a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (London, 1987). His other distinctions include the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (Israel, 1985) and the National Medal of Science (1989). Our conversation was recorded in Dr. Marcus s office at the California Institute of Technology on February 19, 1996. ... 

Richard N. Zare (b. 1939) is Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in. Natural Science at Stanford University in Stanford, California. He got his B.A. in 1961 and his Ph.D. in 1964, both from Harvard University. Following appointments at the University of Colorado and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he was Professor of Chemistry at Columbia University between 1969 and 1977 and has been at Stanford University since 1977. He is a Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. and a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (London). He was Member (1992-1998) and Chair (1996-1998) of the National Science Board and Chair of the Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications of the National Research Council (1992-1995) and served on the Council of the National Academy of Sciences from 1995 to 1998. His many awards include the Michael Polanyi Medal (1979, England), the National Medal of Science (1983), the Irving Langmuir Prize (1985), the Peter Debye Award (1991), the National Academy of Sciences Award in Chemical Sciences (1991), the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Award (1997), and the Welch Award in Chemistry (1999). Our conversation was recorded at Stanford University on May 13, 1999. ... 

Honors in steady stream were awarded to Marvel during his career, culminating in the Distinguished Service Award from the U.S. Air Force Materials Laboratory and the National Medal of Science. Other awards included the Nichols, Gibbs, Priestley, and Perkin Medals and election to the Plastics Hall of Fame. 

National Medal of Science, which he received from President Bush in 1989 the Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society the Davy Medal from the Royal Society of London and the Gold Medal from the American Institute of Chemists. 

Both Burbidges received many honors. They were awarded the Bruce Medal, one of astronomy s highest prizes (Margaret in 1982 and Geoffrey in 1999). They also were elected to the Royal Society, she in 1964 and he in 1968. In 1959, the husband-and-wife team were jointly awarded the Warner Prize of the American Astronomical Society. Margaret Burbidge received more than a dozen honorary doctorates and was awarded a National Medal of Science in 1984. One of her highest honors was election to the post of president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 1976. 

Al received many awards from American and foreign societies, including the U.S. National Medal of Science (1982), Robert A. Welch Award (1994), and Israel s Wolf Prize (2000). His major ACS honors include the Award in Inorganic Chemistry (first recipient, 1962), Award for Distinguished Service in the Advancement of Inorganic Chemistry (1974), Award in Organometallic Chemistry (2001), F. Albert Cotton Medal for Excellence in Chemical Research (first recipient, 1995), George C. Pimentel Award in Chemical Education (2005), and... 

Six bills became law, including two authorizations of funds for NASA, a technical amendment on real estate for NASA, amendments to the National Science Foundation Act, an authorization for the World Sciences-Pan Pacific Exposition in Seattle, and an act establishing a National Medal of Science. Published studies ranged in. concern from space and missiles to ground effects machines, and from scientific manpower and education to federal patent policies. As the author, I am pleased that our best seller last year was the study on research in CBR. 

George Francis Carrier earned in 1939 a mechanical engineer degree, and in 1944 a doctorate in applied mechanics, both from Cornell University, Ithaca NY. From 1946 to 1952 he advanced from assistant professor to professor of engineering at Brown University, Providence Rl. He then moved in the same position to Harvard University, Cambridge MA. Carrier s many awards include in 1978 the Timoshenko Medal of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the von Karman Medal in 1977 of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the Dryden Medal of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and the National Medal of Science in 1990. 

Martin David Kruskal obtained the MS degree from University of New York in 1948, and the PhD title in mathematics there in 1952. He was a research scientist in the Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton University, from 1951 to 1961, from when he took over there as professor of astrophysical sciences, and professor of mathematics in 1981 imtil retirement in 1989. He was then David Hilbert professor of mathematics at Rutgers University, New Brunswick NJ. He had been from 1985 to 1991 trustee of the Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics SIAM, senior fellow of the Weizmaim Institute of Sciences from 1973 to 1974, and 1979 Gibbs Lecturer of the American Mathematical Society AMS. Kruskal was the recipient of the 1983 Dannie Heineman Prize for mathematical physics, the 1986 Potts Gold Medal of the Franklin Institute, and the National Medal of Science of the National Seience Foundation in 1993. He was member AMS, Fellow of the Ameriean Physieal Soeiety APS, and the National Academy of Sciences NAS. 

Anonymous (1993). Martin Kruskal receives National Medal of Science. SIAM News 26(7) 1. P Anonymous (1995). Kruskal, Martin D. Who s who in America 49 2100. Marquis Chicago. Miura, R.M., Gardner, C.S., Kruskal, M.D. (1968). KdV equation and generahsations Existence of conservation laws and constants of motion. J. Mathematical Physics 9(8) 1204-1209. Zabusky, N.J., Kruskal, M.D. (1965). Interaction of solitons in a collisionless plasma and the recurrence of initial states. Physical Review Letters 15(6) 240-243. http //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin David Kruskal P... 

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