N-alcohols

Fig. IV-24. Effect of alkyl chain length of n-alcohols on the resistance of water evaporation at 25°C. (From Ref. 275.)...

Sundstrdm V and Gillbro T 1984 Dynamics of the isomerization of trans-stiibene in n-alcohols studied by ultraviolet picosecond absorption recovery Chem. Phys. Lett. 109 538-43... 

Bardeen C J and Shank C V 1994 Ultrafast dynamics of the solvent-solute Interaction measured by femtosecond four-wave mixing LD690 In n-alcohols Chem. Phys. Lett. 226 310-16... 

H-Bond Acceptor-Donor (HBAD) Phenols Aromatic acids Aromatic amines Alpha H nitriles Iniines Monocarboj hc acids Other monoacids Peracids Alpha H nitros Azines Primary amines Secondary amines n-alcohols Other alcohols Ether alcohols... 

For this purpose 10 c.c. of oil are saponified for one hour with 20 c.c. of 2/N alcoholic potash. 25 c.c. of water are then added and the bulk of the alcohol evaporated off. The solution is then almost neutralised to phenolphthalein and the unsaponified oil removed by shaking out three times with ether. 

Dodge has based a process for the determination of benzaldehyde. A strong (2 5 N) alcoholic potash solution is required for the estimation, which is performed. by allowing a mixture of 10 c.c. of this solution with 1 to 2 grams benzaldehyde to stand at the ordinary temperature for twenty-four hours, after which the unabsorbed pota is titrated back with N/2 hydrochloric acid. A blank test is also made, and from the amount of potash entering into reaction, the percentage of aldehyde can be calculated. The process breaks down in the assay of natural oil of bitter almonds, probably due to the presence of benzaldehyde cyanhydrin. 

Treibstoff, m. motor fuel propellant, -alko-holgemisch, n. alcoholic motor-fuel mixture, -tank, m, motor fuel tank, "gas tank, petrol tank,... 

Figure 13 The variation of particle size with the Hansen solubility parameter of the n-alcohols. (Adapted from Ref. 85 with the permission of John Wiley Sons, Inc.)...

This fluorescent acid chloride can be used to form derivatives of alcohols, amines, and phenols. Using these fluorescent derivatives, an analysis of a series of n-alcohols from Ci to C4 was developed. A chromatogram produced by this technique is shown in Figure 3. Derivatives were also formed from ammonia, dimethylamine, and phenol. A derivative was formed from pentachlorophenol but was not fully characterized. The quantum yields of fluorescence of the alcohol derivatives of V were lower than those of the alkyl halide derivatives of III. 

By small-angle neutron scattering experiments on water/AOT/hydrocarbon microemulsions containing various additives, the change of the radius of the miceUar core with the addition of small quantities of additives has been investigated. The results are consistent with a model in which amphiphilic molecules such as benzyl alcohol and octanol are preferentially adsorbed into the water/surfactant interfacial region, decreasing the micellar radius, whereas toluene remains predominantly in the bulk hydrocarbon phase. The effect of n-alcohols on the stability of microemulsions has also been reported [119],... 

Figure 1 kci vs. koH- Second order gas phase rate constants for the reaction of Cl atoms vs. the corresponding OH radicals rate constants for the reactions with a. n-alkanes [11] b. n-alcohols [12] c. n-ethers [12] d. chloroethenes [13] and e. 1-chloroalkanes [14],... 

Figure 1 present kci versus koH values for families of compoimds where both rate constants were found in the literature for n-alcohols, n-alkanes, n-ethers, chloroethenes, 1-chIoroalkanes, aromatics, aldehydes, and ketones. This graph demonstrates that ... 

For n-alkanes, n-alcohols, 1-chloroalkanes, n-ethers, and chloroethenes, the carbon chain length influences the reactivity, and the clear linear correlations indicate that the attack mechanism of these pollutants by OH or Cl radicals occurs via the same pathway. However, such correlations do not hold true for aromatics, ketones, and aldehydes, for reasons discussed in our previous paper [3]. We also estimated missing values of kci by analogy for ethylbenzene, we take kci = 1.5e-10 cm molecule S, greater than that for m-xylene, but smaller than the 2.0e-10 cm molecule- s-i value for very reactive compoxmds. Also we estimate a similar value for butyraldehyde kci = le-10 cm molecule- s-, only 10% larger than kci of acetaldehyde to remain consistent with the equivalent koH value. 

Carnauba Protective coating of leaves from several Even numbered n alcohols... 

Figure 13.5 shows the ASF plot for the linear acids, n-alcohols, and total product as analyzed with a multidimensional GC. It is clear that the total product shows a two-alpha distribution with a break between C8 and C10. Furthermore, a, for the... 

Heymann D (1996a) Solubility of fullerenes C60 and C70 in seven n-alcohols and their deduced solubility in water. Fullerene Sci. Technol. 5 291-310. 

The low interfacial tensions between two liquids have been measured for different systems by using the pendant drop method. In the case of the quaternary system Ci2ll25S 3 tNa+H20+n-Butanol+Toluene, the interfacial data as measured by pendant drop method are compared with reported literature data, using other methods (with varying NaCl concentration). In order to understand the role of co-surfactant, ternary systems were also investigated. The pendant drop method was also used for measuring the interfacial tension between surfactant-H20/n-alcohol (with number of carbon atoms in alcohol varying from 4-10). The interfacial tension variation was dependent on both the surfactant and alcohol. 

In the ternary systems, the aqueous phase was filled in the syringe and the drop was formed, with over 10 minutes interval, in the oil (toluene or n-heptane or the n-alcohols) phase. 

System C Aqueous Phase Surfactant + H2O Oil Phase n-Alcohol... 

The data for solubility of homologous series of n-alcohols is of interest, as shown in the following table. 

Horse radish Armoracia rusticana roots AOT/C7-C15 n-alcohols Extraction and purification [49]... 

Verevkin, S.R et al.. Thermodynamic properties of mixtures containing ionic liquids. Vapor pressures and activity coefficients of n-alcohols and benzene in binary mixtures with l-methyl-3-butyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl-sulfonyl)imide. Fluid Phase Equilib., 236, 222, 2005. 

Ethanol, Etbylol, Ethyl Alcohol or Alcohol (Alcool in Fr, Alkohol in Ger and Alkogol in Rus), CH.gCHaOH mw 46.07, colorless liq, sp gr 0.879 at 20°/4, fr p —114.5°, bp 78.4°, fl p of 95% ale 14°C(57°F), heat of combustion 327.6kcal/mole and heat of formation —66.4kcal/nole, miscible with w, eth, methanol 8c chlf sol in many other org solvents. It is a good solvent for many expls and its mixture with eth dissolves NC of 12%N. Alcohol can be derived from ethylene either by direct catalytic hydration or by means of ethyl sulfate as an intermediate. 

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