Amines primary, secondary and tertiary

The lower members of other homologous series of oxygen compounds— the acids, aldehydes, ketones, anhydrides, ethers and esters—have approximately the same limits of solubility as the alcohols and substitution and branching of the carbon chain has a similar influence. For the amines (primary, secondary and tertiary), the limit of solubility is about C whilst for the amides and nitriles it is about C4. 

Amines are organic derivatives of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia has been replaced by alkyl groups. There are three structural types of amine primary, secondary and tertiary. They are classified according to the number of alkyl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. 

The second important feature of the reaction mechanism of the epoxy compound curing under the action of amines (primary, secondary and tertiary) and their mixtures consists in formation of various hetero-, auto-, inter- and intramolecular donor-acceptor complexes between the components of the reaction system — the starting substances and reaction products. Consideration of this complex formation can adequately explain the reaction kinetics. 

High-boiling compounds with normal alkyl chains. Classes include alkanes, halides (Cl, Br, I), alcohols, mercaptans, ethers, sulfides, amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary), acetates, and cyanides. 

Dealkylation of amines. Most amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary) form crystalline salts with benzeneselenol. When heated (150°) some of these salts decompose to form the dealkylated amine and an alkyl phenyl selenide. Salts of primary alkylamines for unknown reasons undergo dealkylation very slowly hindered, tertiary amines are dealkylated most rapidly. 

Oxidation of amines. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines containing hydrogen on the carbon a to the nitrogen are oxidatively hydrolyzed to the corresponding aldehyde or ketone by buffered permanganate in warm aqueous r-butanol.321 ... 

Quaternization of amines. Amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary) are efficiently quaternized by methyl iodide and potassium bicarbonate in methanol at 20°. The reagent does not attack hydroxyl or phenolic groups, amides, or amino groups protected as the BOC or CBZ derivatives. ... 

Higher molecular weight amines (primary, secondary and tertiary), higher molecular weight quaternary ammonium compounds, quaternized sulphonium compounds... 

Aldehydes and ketones can be converted to amines through catalytic or chemical reduction in the presence of ammonia or an amine. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines can be prepared this way ... 

Aliphatic amines are classified in primary amines (RNH2), secondary amines (R2NH), and tertiary amines (R3N), with R representing in this very general scheme an alkyl chain of any length and further functionalization. Technically interesting classes of amines are shortalkyl amines (primary, secondary, and tertiary), fatty amines, di- and polyamines, as well as aromatic amines. Table 5.3.8 highlights... 

The main part of this group contains derivatives from aliphatic amines primary, secondary, and tertiary. Their pK values are, statistically, located in the range 8.5-10.5. Their titration with sodium hydroxide in water offers two major difficulties ... 

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