Mold resistant

Sodium orthophenyl phenate remains an important ingredient in the treatment of cooling waters. Both orthophenyl and its sodium salt have a wide spectmm of preservative use, including caulks, construction products, and leather processing. Similady, zra-chloro-z /tf-xylenol is used to preserve a number of water-based goods, including inks (qv), emulsions, and shoe polish, in addition to providing mold resistance to leather. 

Blood glues with permanently boil-proof and mold-resistant bonds. (Both hot- and cold-setting formulations would be desirable.)... 

Soybean-based, quick-clamping cold-press glues of exterior durability and mold resistance. 

Weatherproof and permanently mold-resistant casein-based laminating glues. (This would include both low-staining formulations for door and millwork assembly and more highly alkaline lumber-laminating adhesives.)... 

Casein adhesives experienced similar problems. Once the industry recognized that they were not waterproof, as was originally believed, they were rapidly replaced by resorcinols in most structural, cold-set applications where pressure was easily applied. Crosslinking polyvinyl acetates became preferable in some nonstructural, cold-set applications. Cheaper PF resins took over those exterior applications that allowed the use of heat and pressure. UF resins took over many interior applications on the basis of superior costs and mold resistance. Although the basic raw material cost is not a complete picture of the costs of its adhesive derivatives, it is a fairly good index. Table III shows how casein and blood compare with their competition at the present time. Although the exact prices of these materials fluctuate considerably, the approximate order of their costs has not changed much in the last 15 years. The materials are listed in order of cost. 

MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND BLACK SPOTS ON THE SURFACE MOLD RESISTANCE... 

The whole area of mold resistance in composite materials is rather ill-defined. Typically, it is not clear, what resistance is under consideration resistance to microbial degradation of the composite material (weight loss, loss of the integrity of the material) or resistance to mold growing at the surface, without penetration into the matrix, without violation of the structural integrity of the material. 

Mold resistance of composite materials can be considered from different viewpoints ... 

Overall, GeoDeck has a very good degree of mold resistance. We have not studied composite deckboards available in the market on a comparative basis with respect to mold resistance however, the above considerations allows ns to believe that Geo-Deck is one of the most mold resistant materials in the market. Besides, we know that GeoDeck is the most fade resistant among all known deckboards in the market (we have done the study), partly based on the same reasons described above. 

The final addition of preservative shown in this formulation is essential in virtually all protein glues to provide mold resistance in high-humidity service. Without this protection, even heat-cured soybean adhesives will mold as the moisture content of the bonded wood approaches 20% [24]. Copper-8-quinolinolate, and copper naphthenate are among the few remaining preservatives permitted to be used in the United States at this time for wood products. Where the use of chlorinated phenols or orthophenyl phenol is still permitted, they are also very effective preservatives for protein glues at the addition level shown. In this case, the sodium hydroxide content of the glue formulation converts the water-insoluble chlorinated fungicides to their soluble sodium salts. 

The final addition of hexamethylenetetramine illustrates the use of a formaldehyde donor to partially denature or cross-link the dispersed proteins. This adds further granular character to the mixed glue, lengthens its working life, and improves the water and mold resistance of the cured adhesive film. 

Blood and soybean-blood blend glues of appropriate high viscosity and granular consistency can be pressed cold according to the schedule shown for soybean glues. For this purpose they must contain a terminal addition of about 5% preservative based on dry glue weight in order to meet product standards for mold resistance [24]. 

Finally, to provide mold resistance adequate for interior and covered exterior structural requirements, a fungicide must be added to casein glues [40,58]. In this case there is no excess of sodium hydroxide in the glue composition to convert a water-insoluble fungicide to its soluble sodium salt. Therefore, it is added as a prepared soluble salt in order not to upset the fairly precise alkaline balance in the dry glue composition needed to fully disperse the casein. Sodium orthophenylphenate and sodium pentachlorophenate are examples. 

Mold Resistance of Plywood Made with Protein Adhesives, Douglas Fir Plywood Association (now American Plywood Association), Tacoma, Wash., Feb. 15, 1952. 

Adhesives casein-type, water- and mold-resistant. Federal Spec. MMM A-125, U.S. General Services Administration, Washington, D.C., 1955. 

Uses Flame retardant, mold-resist, additive for plastics, paints, textiles, paper corrosion inhibitor, rust-inhibitive pigment, extender for paints fungicide for PVC tannin stain blocker preseivative for coalings and sizings used in paper/paperboard in contact with diy food Regulatory FDA 21 CFR 176.180... 

It was thought that the long equilibrium time for carbon resistors might be iue to the insulating cover surrounding the molded resistance element. Prelim-nary experiments on uninsulated carbon resistors (Allen Bradley type, 1/10 w, lominal room resistance 10 ohms) did not appear promising. 

The monomers used may present one or more polymerization sites. In the case of one site only, the cured material will be composed of linear chains and remain soluble in common solvents. This may lead to lower mechanical stiffness and lower plasma etching resistance, with the advantage of easy removal from the mold (resist contamination on the mold can be cleaned more easily) or wafer (resist stripping). In the case of more than one polymerization site, the material will consist of a 3D crosslinked network. 

D-3024. Specification for Protein-Base Adhesives for Structural Laminated Wood Products for Use Under Interior (Diy Use) Exposure Conditions. Employs the D-0>905 block shear, D-0906 plywood shear, and D-4300 mold resistance tests to evaluate mostly casein-base adhesives for use in interior grade laminated beams. 

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