Metabolite from

The iron-free ligand, deferrioxamine E, is identical with nocard-amine,a metabolite from a Nocardia species, which was earlier erroneously formulated as 16 and then 17. ... 

Thiazolopyridoacridine alkaloids obtained from marine sources, kuanoniamines (2a-c), bright yellow metabolites from the mollusk Chelynotus semperi, display... 

Steroids with 0-heterocyclic fragments (pyrans and 0-macroheterocycles) as bioactive metabolites from echinoderms andporifera 97G771. 

In order to reduce or eliminate off-line sample preparation, multidimensional chromatographic techniques have been employed in these difficult analyses. LC-GC has been employed in numerous applications that involve the analysis of poisonous compounds or metabolites from biological matrices such as fats and tissues, while GC-GC has been employed for complex samples, such as arson propellants and for samples in which special selectivity, such as chiral recognition, is required. Other techniques include on-line sample preparation methods, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)-GC and LC-GC-GC. In many of these applications, the chromatographic method is coupled to mass spectrometry or another spectrometiic detector for final confirmation of the analyte identity, as required by many courts of law. 

For each of the following enzymes in A. rtiger, select metabolites from the list provided that either inhibit or stimulate activity during a) balanced growth and b) during dtric acid accumulation (caused by Mn2 defidency). 

During the course of this work Tamura et al. (1,14,15) isolated a metabolite from another strain of Helminthosporium sativum. By comparison with the bis-3,5-dinitrobenzoate of the diol from helminthosporal they identified it as the unsaturated aldehyde-saturated alcohol, helminthosporol (VIII, IX). 

Bromo-6-(2-imidazolin-2-ylamino)quinoxaline (brimonidine 119) afforded 5-bromo-6-guanidinoquinoxaline (120) as a major metabolite from several... 

Figure 5.49 (a) Total-ion-current trace, and (b) the reconstructed ion chromatogram of mjz 510.2 0.5 (monooxygenated metabolites) from LC-MS analysis of human microsomal incubation of Glyburide. Reprinted with permission from Zhang, H., Henion, J., Yang, Y. and Spooner, N., Anal. Chem., 72, 3342-3348 (2000). Copyright (2000) American Chemical Society. 

Lores EM, Bradway DE. 1977. Extraction and recovery of organophosphorus metabolites from urine using an anion exchange resin. J Agric Food Chem 25 75-79. 

Setting An established analytical method consisting of the extraction of a drag and its major metabolite from blood plasma and the subsequent HPLC quantitation was precisely described in a R D report, and was to be transferred to three new labs across international boundaries. (Cf. Section 4.32.) The originator supplied a small amount of drug standard and a number of vials containing frozen blood plasma with the two components in a fixed ratio, at concentrations termed lo, mid, and hi. The report provided for evaluations both in the untransformed (linear/linear depiction)... 

Korte, F. and Arent, H. (1965). Metabolism of Insecticides IX Isolation and identification of dieldrin metabolites from urine of rabbits after oral administration of C-14 dieldrin. Life Sciences 4, 2017-2026. 

FIGURE 15 Long-term release of levonorgestrel from a PCL capsule (reservoir device) implanted (s.c.) in rabbit, showing both blood and excreta levels of the drug and its metabolites. (From Ref. 6.)... 

Kurosawa, E. and Kurata, K. 1987. Majusculone, a novel norchamigrane-type metabolite from the red alga Laurencia majuscula Harvey. Buh. Chem. Soc. Japan 60 3795-3796. 

FRAY R, WALLACE A, FRASER P D, VALERO D, HEDDEN P, BRAMLEY P M and GRIERSON D (1995) Constitutive expression of a fruit phytoene synthase gene in transgenic tomatoes causes dwarfism by redirecting metabolites from the gibberellin pathway . Plant J, 8, 696-701. 

There have been a number of reports demonstrating that 3-hydroxy and 3 ketonltrosamlnes are common metabolites from dlalkyl and heterocyclic nltrosamlnes. Examples Include the 3-hydroxy and 3-keto derivatives of dlpropylnltrosamlne (all potent pancreatic carcinogens In Syrian golden hampsters) and the... 

The current state of analytical SPE was critically reviewed and no major changes of the technique have been observed. Overviews of the developments of the extraction technologies of secondary metabolites from plant materials refer to three types of conventional extraction techniques that involve the use of solvents, steam, or supercritical fluids. Each technique is described in detail with respect to typical processing parameters and recent developments. Eollowing the discussion of some technical and economic aspects of conventional and novel separation processes, a few general conclusions about the applicabilities of the different types of extraction techniques are drawn. ... 

Starmans, D.A.J. and Nijhuis, H.H., Extraction of secondary metabolites from plant material a review. Trends Food Sci. Technol., 7, 191, 1996. 

Kelley I, JP Freeman, CE Cerniglia (1990) Identification of metabolites from degradation of naphthalene by a Mycobacterium sp. Biodegradation 1 283-290. 

Nortemann B, A Glasser, R Machinek, G Remberg, H-J Knackmuss (1993) 5-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid, a dead-end metabolite from the bacterial oxidation of 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 1898-1903. 

The bacterial aerobic degradation of pyrene is initiated by the formation of cfi-pyrene-4,5-dihydrodiol. Analysis for this metabolite was used to demonstrate the biodegradability of pyrene in an environment in which there was continuous input of the substrate, when it was not possible to use any diminution in its concentration as evidence for biodegradation (Li et al. 1996). The corresponding metabolite from naphthalene—cfi-naphthalene-1,2-dihydrodiol—has been used to demonstrate biodegradation of naphthalene both in site-derived enrichment cultures and in leachate from the contaminated site (Wilson and Madsen 1996). 

Londry KL, PM Fedorak (1993) Use of fluorinated compounds to detect aromatic metabolites from m-cresol in a methanogenic consortium evidence for a demethylation reaction. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 2229-2238. 

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