Bioactive metabolite

Steroids with 0-heterocyclic fragments (pyrans and 0-macroheterocycles) as bioactive metabolites from echinoderms andporifera 97G771. 

Magarvey NA, JM Keller, V Bernan, M Dworkin, DH Sherman (2004) Isolation and characterization of novel marine-derived actinomycete taxa rich in bioactive metabolites. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 7529-7530. 

In general, the main pollution problems associated with surfactants can be summarized as (1) foaming in river and wastewater treatment plants [314,326, 344,348,349,356,357], (2) transformation to bioactive metabolites (i.e., poly-ethoxylated alkylphenols, estrogenic compounds) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions [315,356], and (3) formation of certain cationics which are toxic to microorganisms at high concentrations [356,357]. 

Stadler M et at. Metabolites with nematicidal and antimicrobial activities from the ascomycete Lachnum papyraceum (Karst.) Karst. V. Production, isolation and biological activities of bromine-containing mycorrhizin and lachnumon derivatives and four additional new bioactive metabolites, J Antibiot 48 149—153, 1995. 

Integrated Approach To Explore the Potential of Marine Microorganisms for the Production of Bioactive Metabolites... 

In this chapter it is outlined how man has exploited the signaling, defensive, and environmentally relevant metabolites. That bioactive metabolites of phylogeneticaUy distant organisms are detected by man s receptors finds rationalization in the origin of all organisms fi-om a common ancestor and the limited possibilities of diversification of receptors and biosynthetic pathways. This is why the pharmaceutical industry is interested in chemical ecology (Caporale 1995). 

Even species that are not known to produce bioactive metabolites may have a large environmental impact, such as Emiliania huxeleyi. This haptomonad protist blooms periodically in the Bering Sea at the detriment of diatoms, disruptii the food chain with massive death of migratory birds and fish losses. Mnemiopsis leidyi is another major such problem this comb jelly has invaded the Black Sea, subtracting zooplankton to fish. 

D Ambrosio. M. Guerriao, A. IMiitus, C. Pietra, F. (1996B)Leucascandrolide A, anewtypeofmacrolide the first powafully bioactive metabolite of calcareous sponges Leucascandra caveolata, a new genus from the Coral Sea) Helv. Chim. Acta, 79, 51-60. 

The amount of total residues is generally determined by study with radiolabeled drugs and is expressed as the parent drug equivalent in milligrams per kilogram of the food. Bound metabolites can be measured as the difference between the total and extractable residue. Microbiological assays measure the parent molecule and its bioactive metabolites immunochemical assays measure the parent molecule and closely chemically related metabolites. 

Drug metabolism studies including identification of bioactive metabolites and blocking of metabolic inactivation. 

More recently, two new isonakafiiran-type sesquiterpenes were isolated from this sponge species [74], These types of compounds possess interesting antitumor and antifungal activity, and attempts to synthesize them are being conducted [75], Other bioactive metabolites, such as antifouling sesquiterpenes, have also been recently isolated from Dysidea herbacea [76],... 

Stadler M, Anke H, Sterner O (1995) Metabolites with Nematicidal and Antimicrobial Activities from the Ascomycete Lachnum papyraceum (Karst.) Karst V. Production, Isolation and Biological Activities of Bromine-Containing Mycorrhizin and Lachnumon Derivatives and Four Additional New Bioactive Metabolites. J Antibiot 48 149... 

Wellington KD, Cambie RC, Rutledge PS, Bergquist PF (2000) Chemistry of Sponges. 19. Novel Bioactive Metabolites from Hamigera tarangaensis. J Nat Prod 63 79... 

Tringali C (1997) Bioactive Metabolites From Marine Algae Recent Results. Curr Org Chem 1 375... 

Finally, recent reviews indicate that marine microorganisms are potentially a greater source of bioactive compounds than marine macroorganisms,78 81 Marine microorganisms can be found in seawater or sediment, associated with macroorganisms either on the surface or symbiotically, and in extreme environments. Extremophiles, in particular, may have the greatest capacity for the production of unique bioactive metabolites.78... 

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