Mineral metabolism

Hillman, L.S., Chow, W., Salmons, S.S., Weaver, E., Erickson, M., Hansen, J. 1988. Vitamin D metabolism, mineral homeostasis, and bone mineralization in term infants fed human milk, cow milk-based formula, or soy-based formula. J. Fed. 112, 864-874. 

Some common forms of reduced iron serving as inorganic energy substrates for bacteria are those of sulfide minerals such as pyrite, FeSi, chalco-pyrite, CuFeS2 and arsenopyrite, FeAsS. Bacteria can attack (metabolize) minerals directly, resulting in a direct transformation of the element. 

Anoliefo, G.O. (1991). Forcados Blend Crude oil Effects on Respiratory Metabolism, Mineral Element Composition and Growth of Citrutlus vulgaris. Sehrad. Ph.D Thesis. 

Ductless glands that secrete hormones (chemical messengers) directly into the bloodstream. These hormones then travel via the blood to various organs and tissues where they exert necessary, and sometimes profound, control over such bodily functions as skeletal and sexual development, growth, metabolism, mineral and water balance, and reproduction. Fig. E-7 indicates the location and names of the major endocrine glands, and Table E-8 outlines the origin, names, actions, and associated diseases of the various major hormones. 

Metabolic Disorders Which May Alter Mineral Metabolism Mineral Composition of the Soil Naturally Occurring Mineral Antagonists in Foods Overconsumption of Alcohol Poor Food Choices... 

Mineral oil and paraffins should not be used, because these are not metabolized and may irritate tissue. Various other additives are needed for stabiUty, stefihty, and isotonicity antimicrobial preservatives, antioxidants (qv), chelating agents (qv), and buffers. No parenteral container material is completely inert to parenteral solvent systems. 

The use of foods by organisms is termed nutrition. The ability of an organism to use a particular food material depends upon its chemical composition and upon the metabolic pathways available to the organism. In addition to essential fiber, food includes the macronutrients—protein, carbohydrate, and lipid—and the micronutrients—including vitamins and minerals. 

Wachtershanser has also suggested that early metabolic processes first occurred on the surface of pyrite and other related mineral materials. The iron-sulfur chemistry that prevailed on these mineral surfaces may have influenced the evolution of the iron-sulfur proteins that control and catalyze many reactions in modern pathways (including the succinate dehydrogenase and aconitase reactions of the TCA cycle). 

Mineralstoff, m. mineral substance, mineral matter, -gehalt, m. mineral content, -wech-self m. mineral (or inorganic) metabolism, -zusammensetztmg,/. composition of mineral matter. 

Boskey A (2006) Mineralization, Structure and Function of Bone. In Dynamics of Bone and Cartilage Metabolism, 2nd edn. Seibel MJ, Robins SP, Bilezikian JP (eds), San Diego, Academic Press,201-212... 

The pathway of plutonium dissolved in natural water, from a source such as a nuclear facility, to man, may be quite complicated. During the transport, the plutonium atoms encounter dissolved and particulate inorganic and organic matter, as well as minerals in rocks, sediment and soil, and living organisms which may metabolize the plutonium. Figure 1 depicts some of the more essential routes for plutonium between the point of emission and the plutonium consuming man. The overall effect of these pathways is that plutonium is slowly eliminated from the water, so that only a minor fraction of it reaches man. An example of this is that of the 4.2 tonnes of plutonium deposited on the earth after... 

Damage to epicuticular waxes Altered photosynthesis Increased water loss Accumulation of acidic anions Leaching of ions, sugars, etc. Mineral imbalances Altered metabolism Increased susceptibility to winter freezing injury Death of fine roots Destabilization of trees Reduced water/mineral uptake Reduced water uptake Cations leached below roots Accumulation of acidic anions Altered structure/texture Altered microflora Reduced litter decomposition Altered N transformations Solubilization of metal ions... 

Widdowson EM, Dickerson JWT. 1964. Chapter 17 Chemical composition of the body. In Comar CL, Bronner F, eds. Mineral metabolism An advanced treatise. Volume II The elements Part A. New York, NY Academic Press. 

Sorich MJ, McKinnon RA, Miners JO, Winkler DA, Smith PA. Rapid prediction of chemical metabolism by human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase isoforms using quantum chemical descriptors derived with the electronegativity equalization method. J Med Chem 2004 47 5311-7. 

Besides water, the diet must provide metabolic fuels (mainly carbohydrates and lipids), protein (for growth and turnover of tissue proteins), fiber (for roughage), minerals (elements with specific metabolic functions), and vitamins and essential fatty acids (organic compounds needed in small amounts for essential metabolic and physiologic functions). The polysaccharides, tri-acylglycerols, and proteins that make up the bulk of the diet must be hydrolyzed to their constituent monosaccharides, fatty acids, and amino acids, respectively, before absorption and utilization. Minerals and vitamins must be released from the complex matrix of food before they can be absorbed and utifized. 

Besides watet, the diet must provide metaboEc fuels (carbohydrate and fat) fot bodily growth and activity protein fot synthesis of tissue proteins fiber for roughage minerals for specific metabolic functions cettain polyunsamtated fatty acids of the n-3 and n-6 famihes fot eicosanoid synthesis and other functions and vitamins, otganic compounds needed in small amounts for many varied essential functions. 

The chapters on integration of metabolism, nutrition, digestion and absorption, and vitamins and minerals have been completely re-written. 

Section VI consists of discussions of eleven special topics nutrition, digestion, and absorption vitamins and minerals intracellular traffic and sorting of proteins glycoproteins the extracellular matrix muscle and the cy-toskeleton plasma proteins and immunoglobulins hemostasis and thrombosis red and white blood cells the metabolism of xenobiotics and the Human Genome Project. 

R. S. Flueck, J. A. "The Interrelationships Between Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone in Disorders of Mineral Metabolism in Man" (Proceedings of 2nd Vitamin D Symposium), Weisbaden, West Germany, Oct., 1974, In Press. 

---