Mineral metabolism, dietary fiber effect

Sea animals are rich in soluble dietary fibers, proteins, minerals, vitamins, antioxidants, phytochemicals, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, with low caloric value. Polysaccharides from marine animals have been reported to possess biological activities with potential medicinal values in addition to their current status as a source of dietary fibers and prebiotics. Moreover, they have a lot of dietary fiber, which lowers blood cholesterol, and iodine, which improves metabolism, vascular and cardiac action, body temperature, and perspiration regulation, and are effective in... 

Carbohydrates which are digestible appear to have no dramatic effect on metabolism of xenobiotics however, the nondigestible carbohydrates can mediate the toxicity of a xenobiotic. Dietary fiber can reduce nutrient availability by absorbtion of certain minerals and/or vitamins. Inclusion in the diet of fiber has been associated with a lower incidence of colon cancer, and this... 

Cellulose. Fiber components differ in their ability to bind to bile (41), the primary route of excretion of manganese (9). Cellulose, the most abundant natural fiber, has been studied for its potential effects on bile and lipid metabolism (42). It is naturally present in high fiber diets and is also commonly added to many commercially-produced food products. Previous studies have shown cellulose to decrease intestinal uptake of a variety of minerals, including zinc, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and iron (32,43,44). In many cases, however, the effect of cellulose has not been considered to be anti-nutritional (32). It has been generally believed that cellulose has a lower binding affinity for minerals than other constituents of dietary fiber (33,45). 

Among sheep with dietary insufficiencies, the minerals copper and zinc, when supplemented to the diet, have been shown to be important to wool fiber growth. Their effectiveness is attributed to the important roles these minerals play in sulfur amino acid metabolism copper serves to catalyze the oxidation of cysteine to cystine during fiber synthesis [109]. Zinc is required for cell division to occur, and it also appears to play a role in protein metabolism [110]. 

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