Materials-handling equipment, cost

Equipment Costs. Equipment costs include the purchased cost of process and materials handling equipment, storage faciUties, waste treatment equipment, stmctures, and site service faciUties. Installation costs such as insulation, piping, painting and finishing, foundations, process stmctures, instmmentation, and electrical service connections are estimated or factored separately. Actual quoted prices from suppHers are the best data, but these are not usually available when estimates are made. The quick, inexpensive cost estimates are based largely on personal cost files, internal company cost data, or pubUshed cost correlations. 

Materials-handling equipment is logically divided into continuous and batch types, and into classes for the handling of liquids, solids, and gases. Liquids and gases are handled by means of pumps and blowers in pipes, flumes, and ducts and in containers such as drums, cylinders, and tank cars. Solids may be handled by conveyors, bucket elevators, chutes, lift trucks, and pneumatic systems. The selection of materials-handling equipment depends upon the cost and the work to be done. Factors that must be considered in selecting such equipment include ... 

Purchased-equipment costs for vessels, tanks, and process- and materials-handling equipment can often be estimated on the basis of weight. The fact that a wide variety of types of equipment have about the same cost per unit weight is quite useful, particularly when other cost data are not available. Generally, the cost data generated by this method are sufficiently reliable to permit order-of-magnitude estimates. 

Materials-handling cost for chutes, conveyors, gates, and hoists are given in Figs. 14-89 through 14-95. In addition, Table 7 lists costs for materials-handling equipment by automotive means. 

Table VII" summarizes the cost of process equipment and associated raw material handling equipment required to process SMC, PC alloy and PU-RRIM. A range of prices as well as an average price 1s Indicated. For the purpose of this study this average price was used. 

Based on information supplied by manufacturers, capital costs of wood gasification systems vary from approximately. 30- 1.10/ MJ/D ( 5,000 to 20,000/ODT/D) of capacity.(3) This wide variation is the result of differences in system capacity, inclusion of specific components, varying cost assumptions, and the requirement for land and facilities. The average costs are. 55-. 65/ MJ/D ( 10,000 to 12,000/ODT/D) for a system which includes materials handling equipment, gasification equipment and ancillary systems such as controls but excludes a boiler, land, building, contingencies and fees. 

Selection of Materials-handling Equipment The selection of mate-rials-handling equipment depends upon (1) the cost and (2) the work to be done. 

Costs. Cost curves are presented in Figs. 6-5 to 6-9 for several of the conveyor types of materials-handling equipment. 

When a system is more complex and there are more potential sources of dynamic variations, a more complicated control is required. Particularly in automatic systems where human operators are replaced by machines and computers, a thorough design of control responsibilities and procedures is necessary. Control activities include automatic control of individual machines, material handling, equipment, manufacturing processes, and production systems, as well as control of operations, inventory, quality, labor performance, and cost. Careful design of correct and adequate controls that continually identify and trace variations and disturbances, evaluate alternative responses, and result in timely and appropriate actions is therefore vital to the successful operation of a system. 

For example, if the estimated future worth of a stream of revenues and other benefits from proposed materials handling equipment at the end of 10 years is 1,200,000, should the new equipment be purchased The firm s MARR before taxes is 25%. The initial cost would be 125,000, and the annual maintenance cost would be 750/year for the 10-year life. 

The selection of materials handling equipment should always include the right selection of the battery, especially when the user is the one who will order the batteries and the replacement batteries. Standardized batteries are cheaper and have shorter delivery times compared with specially designed batteries. This goes not only for the cells, but also for the trays. Here the vehicle suppliers often offer sophisticated solutions. To avoid extra costs for replacement the user should not accept such design. 

Three DC locations were considered and three different sizes (capacities) were possible at each location. The three different capacities considered at each location were 500 1,000 and 2,000 pallets. The DC costs according to its location and size are shown in Table 5.1. The costs shown in this table are a sum of the general overhead costs and labor costs. The general overhead costs include rent (or mortgage), property taxes, utilities, equipment (e.g., pallets, racks, material handling equipment, etc.), and security devices, among others. 

Comment on Glup s plans to create engineered costs from the perceived benefits of the new material-handling equipment. 

Equipment Costs The cost of dehvered equipment forms the basis of most methods of estimating the fixed-capital cost. The equipment required can usually be divided into (1) processing equipment, (2) equipment for handling and storage of raw materials, and (3) finished products handling and storage equipment. 

Other advantages claimed for the disc graniilator include low equipment cost, sensitivity to operating controls, and easy observation of the granulation/classification action, all of which lend versatility in agglomerating many different materials. Dusty materials and Chernies reactions such as the ammoniation of fertilizer are handled less readily in the disc granulator than in the drum. 

The annualized fixed cost of the adsorption column along with its ancillary equipment (e.g., regeneration, materials handling, etc.) is estimated to be about 90,000/yr. Therefore, the TAC for the interception system is 119,000/yr. 

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