Pennwalt Corporation

In addition to the nitrile and alcohol routes for fatty amine preparation, processes have been described by Unocal and Pennwalt Corporation, using an olefin and secondary amine (14—16) by Texaco Inc., hydrogenation of nitroparaffins (17—20) by Onyx Corporation, reaction of an alkyl haUde with secondary amines (21,22) by Henkel Cie, GmbH, reduction of an ester in the presence of a secondary amine (23) by catalytic hydroammonolysis of carboxyhc acids (24) and by the Hofmann rearrangement (25). 

Technological Center, Pennwalt Corporation, King of Prussia, Pa. 19406. t School of Chemistry, Bath University of Technology, Bath, Somerset, England. J Research Laboratory, Climax Molybdenum Company, Ann Arbor, Mich. 48106. 

Fig. 5.19. The Stokes Model 43-C Granulator. (Courtesy Pennwalt Corporation.)...

Kynar is registered trademark of the Pennwalt Corporation, Pennwalt Building, Three Parkway, Philadelphia PA 19102. 

The widely used organophosphate Insecticide methyl parathlon was the first material to be formulated as a microencapsulated pesticide. This formulation, sold under the tradename PENNCAP-M Insecticide (a registered trademark of Pennwalt Corporation), consists of nylon-type microcapsules which contain the active Ingredient. The capsules are suspended In water and typically have an average particle size of approximately 25 microns (fifty percent by weight of the capsules have a particle size of 25 microns or more). Upon application by conventional spray equipment the water evaporates, and the active Ingredient Is slowly released over an extended period of time. 

Studies conducted by Pennwalt Corporation in the past three years have indicated that the bee hazard of MMP may be further reduced by the addition of certain adjuvants. These additives are believed to be effective by reducing the pick-up of contaminated pollen by foraging bees. Numerous small-plot field studies were made by comparing bee mortality resulting from the application to various blooming crops of HHF alone or with a sticker formulation added to the spray. Reductions in bee mortality from 55 to 75% were noted (Table V),... 

Technological Center, Pennwalt Corporation, King of Prussia, Pa. 19406. tDow Chemical Company, Midland, Mich. 48640. 

Pennwalt Corporation Publication S-222B Brandrup, J., Immergut, E.H., Polymer Handbook, 2nd Ed. Wiley-Intersdence New York, 1975. 

Arkema Corp. (formerly Pennwalt Corporation). Organosulfur Intermediates, 2000 Arkema corp. Philadelphia, PA, 1979. 

The benzene was histological grade and the ferrous ammonium sulfate and Na4 EDTA were ACS certified grade. All were purchased from Fisher Scientific Company. The sodium octyl phenoxyethoxy-2-ethanol sulfate (20% aqueous solution) was used as received from Rohm Haas. The f-butylperoxypivalate, also used as received from the Lucidol Division of Pennwalt Corporation, was a 75% solution in mineral spirits. The nitrogen gas was purified grade from Union Carbide. Deionized water was used in all polymerizations. 

Tetrahydrothiophene tested negative in a cytogenetic assay with human lymphocytes, a mutation assay at the HPRT chromosome with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and an unscheduled deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis test with human epithelial cells performed with and without metabolic activation at concentrations of up to 5120 pg/ml (Pennwalt Corporation, 1987b, 1987c, 1987d). 

Pennwalt Corporation (1987a) Ames metabolic activation test to assess the potential mutagenic effect of tetrahydrothlophene (Report PWT 55/87178). Cited in International Uniform Chemical Information Database (lUCLID). 

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