Magnesium with sodium nitrate

N. A. and Shakhidzhanov, E.S. (1994) Burning of mixtures of magnesium with sodium nitrate. 1. Burning velocity of two-component mixtures of magnesium with sodium nitrate. Combust., Explos. Shock, 30, 608-615. 

II) A colourless solution is either magnesium carbonate, sodium nitrate or dilute sulfuric acid. Addition of sodium sulfite solution to the unknown (with warming) produces a sharp smelling gas. What is the identity of the colourless solution Suggest a test which would confirm your... 

While the stoichiometry changes to 46,6 53.4 of magnesium to sodium nitrate, the heat output taking sodium in the solid state is identical with that for formula (a), i.e. 2.0 kcal, and when allowance is made for evaporation of the sodium, 1.9 kcal/g (actually a reduction of 8% of the heat output). 

The thickening principle is also used in Composition PTL a complex mixture of magnesium oxide and carbon, with hydrocarbon in paste form ( goop ) compounded with hydrocarbon thinners, magnesium, and sodium nitrate. Another mixture of plastic thickener—gasoline, magnesium, and sodium nitrate—is Composition PTV. All are described in TM3-215. ... 

MiHtary illuminating flares have been based for many years on the energetic reaction between sodium nitrate and magnesium metal. One of the primary reactions is equation 2. This high candlepower composition is blended with an... 

Sodium nitrate nitrate [7631-99-4] NaNO, is found in naturally occurring deposits associated with sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, magnesium chloride, and other salts. Accumulations of sodium nitrate have been reported in several countries, but the only ones being commercially exploited are the unique nitrate-rich deposits in Chile, South America. Natural sodium nitrate is also referred to as Chilean saltpeter or Chilean nitrate. 

Water. The character of the water has a great influence on the character of the beer and the hardness of water (alkalinity) manifests itself by the extent of its reaction with the weak acids of the mash. Certain ions are harm fill to brewing nitrates slow down fermentation, iron destroys the colloidal stabihty of beer, and calcium ions give beer a purer flavor than magnesium or sodium ions (Table 7). 

The main metals in brines throughout the world are sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. Other metals, such as lithium and boron, are found in lesser amounts. The main nonmetals ate chloride, sulfate, and carbonate, with nitrate occurring in a few isolated areas. A significant fraction of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate comes from these isolated deposits. Other nonmetals produced from brine ate bromine and iodine. 

As described in U.S. Patent 2,929,763, methandrostenolone may be made by a fermentation route. 2 g of sodium nitrate, 1 g of primary potassium orthophosphate, 0.5 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.5 g of potassium chloride, 50 g of glucose and 1 g of Difco yeast extract are dissolved in one liter of tap water, brought to pH 5 by addition of a sodium hydroxide solution and sterilized. The resulting nutrient solution is inoculated with 50 cc of a 4-day-old shaking culture of Didyniel/a lycopersici and shaken for 48 hours at 27 C, whereby the culture becomes well developed. 

Magnesium sets off a violent reaction or even an expiosion with ammonium nitrate around 200°C or in contact with moiten sodium nitrate. 

Interaction with fused ammonium nitrate or with metal nitrates, phosphates or sulfates may be explosively violent [1]. Lithium and sodium carbonates may also react vigorously [2], The mixture with magnesium sulfate has been described as a noisy but low power bursting charge for pyrotechny [3],... 

Magnesium nitrate has been reported to undergo spontaneous decomposition in DMF, (possibly as a result of hydrolysis of the hexahydrate above its m.p., 90°C to liberate nitric acid). Although this effect has not been observed with other nitrates, reaction mixtures with hydroly sable nitrates should be treated with care. See Sodium nitrate Jute, Magnesium chloride... 

Ke and Regier [71] have described a direct potentiometric determination of fluoride in seawater after extraction with 8-hydroxyquinoline. This procedure was applied to samples of seawater, fluoridated tap-water, well-water, and effluent from a phosphate reduction plant. Interfering metals, e.g., calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium were removed by extraction into a solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline in 2-butoxyethanol-chloroform after addition of glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer solution (pH 10.5 to 10.8). A buffer solution (sodium nitrate-l,2-diamino-cyclohexane-N,N,N. AT-tetra-acetic acid-acetic acid pH 5.5) was then added to adjust the total ionic strength and the fluoride ions were determined by means of a solid membrane fluoride-selective electrode (Orion, model 94-09). Results were in close agreement with and more reproducible than those obtained after distillation [72]. Omission of the extraction led to lower results. Four determinations can be made in one hour. 

Campbell and Ottaway [136] also used selective volatilisation of the cadmium analyte to determine cadmium in seawater. They could detect 0.04 pg/1 cadmium (2pg in 50 pi) in seawater. They dried at 100 °C and atomised at 1500 °C with no char step. Cadmium was lost above 350 °C. They could not use ammonium nitrate because the char temperature required to remove the ammonium nitrate also volatilised the cadmium. Sodium nitrate and sodium and magnesium chloride salts provided reduced signals for cadmium at much lower concentrations than their concentration in seawater if the atomisation temperature was in excess of 1800 °C. The determination required lower atomisation temperatures to avoid atomising the salts. Even this left the magnesium interference, which required the method of additions. 

Guggenheim A process for extracting sodium nitrate from caliche, a native sodium nitrate found in Chile. The ore is leached at 40°C with water containing controlled concentrations of magnesium and calcium sulfates. Operated on a large scale in Chile. See also Shanks. 

The four samples from each location were (1) nonfiltered, nonstabilized water for alkalinity testing, (2) field-filtered, nonstabilized water for nitrate and chloride testing, (3) field-filtered water stabilized with nitric acid for calcium, magnesium, and sodium testing, and (4) field-filtered water stabilized with sulfuric acid for ammonia and phosphate testing. 

Yellow flames for lances may be derived from compositions based on sodium nitrate or sodium oxalate, together with magnesium as fuel and a binder such as linseed oil. 

The monazite sand is heated with sulfuric acid at about 120 to 170°C. An exothermic reaction ensues raising the temperature to above 200°C. Samarium and other rare earths are converted to their water-soluble sulfates. The residue is extracted with water and the solution is treated with sodium pyrophosphate to precipitate thorium. After removing thorium, the solution is treated with sodium sulfate to precipitate rare earths as their double sulfates, that is, rare earth sulfates-sodium sulfate. The double sulfates are heated with sodium hydroxide to convert them into rare earth hydroxides. The hydroxides are treated with hydrochloric or nitric acid to solubihze all rare earths except cerium. The insoluble cerium(IV) hydroxide is filtered. Lanthanum and other rare earths are then separated by fractional crystallization after converting them to double salts with ammonium or magnesium nitrate. The samarium—europium fraction is converted to acetates and reduced with sodium amalgam to low valence states. The reduced metals are extracted with dilute acid. As mentioned above, this fractional crystallization process is very tedious, time-consuming, and currently rare earths are separated by relatively easier methods based on ion exchange and solvent extraction. 

To convert the alkaline earth nitrates into saltpeter, Bernard and his father added wood ashes. Since much of the potash from the ashes was wasted by reacting with salts other than nitrates, they conceived the idea of using, instead of wood ashes, the cheaper ash of sea-weeds, especially Fucus and Laminaria from the coasts of Normandy and Brittany. The resulting sodium nitrate was then economically converted to potassium nitrate by treatment with wood ashes. The ash of these algae contains sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium as... 

Formerly all the iodine was made from the ash of seaweed, and potash was a remunerative appendix to the iodine industry but just as the Stassfurt salts killed those industries which extracted potash from other sources, so did the separation of iodine from the caliche mother-liquors threaten the industrial extraction of iodine from seaweed with extinction. Iodine in a very crude form was exported from Chili in 1874—e.g. a sample was reported with iodine 52-5 per cent. iodine chloride, 3-3 sodium iodate, 13 potassium and sodium nitrate and sulphate, 15 9 magnesium chloride, 0 4 insoluble matter, 1 5 water, 25-2 per cent. About that time much of the iodine was imported as cuprous iodide. This rendered necessary the purification of the Chilian product but now the iodine is purified in Chili before it is exported. The capacity of the Chilian nitre works for the extraction of iodine is greater than the world s demand. It is said that the existing Chilian factories could produce about 5100 tons of iodine per annum whereas the... 

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