Determination of Requirements

Having decided an appropriate criterion of adequacy, which will differ from one vitamin to another, the problem is to determine what are adequate intakes to meet those criteria. Studies of vitamin requirements can be divided into the following four groups. 

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ILLUSTRATION 8.3 DETERMINATION OF REQUIRED PLUG FLOW REACTOR VOLUME UNDER ISOTHERMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS—CONSTANT DENSITY CASE... 

ILLUSTRATION 8.6 DETERMINATION OF REQUIRED CSTR VOLUME UNDER ISOTHERMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS—LIQUID PHASE REACTION... 

ILLUSTRATION 10.1 DETERMINATION OF REQUIRED REACTOR VOLUMES FOR ISOTHERMAL AND ADIABATIC OPERATION IN A BATCH REACTOR... 

Determination of required air quality 2. Design of total air treatment system 3. Supply of air to the room ... 

Second, there is no possibility of separately determining either a+ or d. For, by definition, /r+ = (9G/9/i+)r,p, that is, the determination of requires addition of only positive ions to the solution, while holding the concentration of anions fixed. However, this step, which violates the Law of Electroneutrality, cannot be carried out operationally. Consequently, one cannot deal with individual ionic activities rather, as Eq. (4.1.3c) shows, the ionic activities occur in such a manner that only their geometric mean or appropriate logarithmic sum is involved. Third, since thermodynamic descriptions must be confined to measurable properties we may regard the quantity, /x -F i Tlna on the left of Eq. (4.1.3a) as an effective chemical potential that is to be used to represent the behavior of the electrolytes. On the other hand, one does not wish to ignore the ionic nature of the solution hence it is customary to write... 

ILLUSTRATION 8.3 Determination of Required Plug Flow Reactor Volume for Isothermal Operating Conditions Constant Density Case... 

ILLUSTRATION 10.1 Determination of Required Reactor Voiumes for Isothermai and Adiabatic Operation of a Batch Reactor... 

If the coupling law is a linear function of v4(x), for example, J (x) = a (x) + 6, where a and b are constants, then determination of requires only the knowledge of < > (see Eq. (6)) the coupling does not have to be formulated locally. Indeed, after substitution of the earlier mentioned linear expression forEq. (2), Eq. (1) leads to... 

The risk graph method, proposed in lEC 61508 and lEC 61511, is useful in the process of determination of required risk reduction level associated with safety integrity level (SIL) of safety instrumented function (SIS). However, this normative document presents only an illustrative example which shows how the risk graph method can be used. 

The determination of required SIL can be done for three main criteria orientated to the health, environmental and/or financial consequences. 

The purpose of the study is to provide a minimum safety integrity level of HIPPS for determination of required risk reduction performance. A systematic approach and an example to assign the acceptable safety level of a pilot HIPPS model are proposed based on the LOPA. 

Fig. 6-18. Graphical determination of required number of theoretical stages.

As seen from (60) the determination of requires the correlation functions... 

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