Lymphocyte mediators

Delayed type hypersensitivty (DTH) reactions (synonym type IV allergic reactions) are exaggerated, T-lymphocyte mediated, cellular immune reactions to foreign substances, which require one to two days to manifest clinical symptoms. 

Zhu Y, Antony J et al (2006) CD8-t lymphocyte-mediated injury of dorsal root ganghon neurons during lentiviras infection CD 154-dependent ceU contact neurotoxicity. J Neurosci 26(13) 3396-3403 Zhu Y, Antony JM et al (2007) Didanosine causes sensory neuropathy in an HIV/AIDS animal model impaired mitochondrial and neurotrophic factor gene expression. Brain 130(Pt 8) 2011-2023... 

Allie R, Hu L, MuUen KM, Dhib-Jalbut S, Calabresi PA (2005) Bystander modulation of chemokine receptor expression on peripheral blood T lymphocytes mediated by glatiramer therapy. Arch Neurol 62 889-894... 

Psoriasis is a T-lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory disease that results from a complex interplay between multiple genetic factors and environmental influences. Genetic predisposition coupled with some precipitating factor triggers an abnormal immune response, resulting in the initial psoriatic skin lesions. Keratinocyte proliferation is central to the clinical presentation of psoriasis. 

Wonnacott, K.M. and Bonneau, R.H., The effects of stress on memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated protection against herpes simplex virus infection at mucosal sites, Brain Behav. Immun., 16, 104, 2002. 

Since its introduction into clinical use in about 1979 the immunosuppresant cyclosporin has been responsible for a revolution in human organ transplantation.3 The exact mechanism of action in suppressing T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune responses is still not completely clear, but cyclosporin, a cyclic lipophilic peptide from a fungus, was found to bind to specific proteins that were named cydophilins.d Human cyclophilin A is a 165-residue protein which associates, in the crystal form, as a decamer with five-fold rotational and dihedral symmetry.6 This protein is also found in almost all... 

In vivo studies using mouse models have proved that curcumin modifies apoptosis resistance, leading to the inhibition of tumor formation and the prevention of adenoma development in the intestinal tract. The chemopreven-tive effect of curcumin for intestinal tumors in Min/+ mice was investigated. A dietary level of 0.15% curcumin decreased tumor formation in Min—/— mice by 63%. Examination of intestinal tissue from the treated animals showed the tumor prevention by curcumin was associated with increased enterocyte apoptosis and proliferation. Curcumin also decreased expression of the oncoprotein (S-catenin in the erythrocytes of the Min/+ mouse, an observation previously associated with an antitumor effect. Curcumin enhanced PhlP-induced apoptosis and inhibited PhIP-induced tumorigenesis in the proximal small intestine of Ape (min) mice. Experiments performed on intestinal tumors in C57BL/6J-Min/+ (Min/+) mice demonstrated that curcumin has a regulatory role in lymphocyte-mediated immune function [Churchill et al., 2000]. Furthermore, levels of COX-2 protein expression have been found to reflect the retardation of adenoma development in mouse intestines after treatment with curcumin [Tunstall et al., 2006]. 

Schreurs, M.W., de Boer, A.J., Figdor, C.G. and Adema, G.J. (1998) Genetic vaccination against the melanocyte lineage-specific antigen gplOO induces cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumor protection. Cancer Res., 58, 2509-2514. 

They reduce the activity of the lymphocyte-mediated chemotactic factor and lympho-toxin. 

McBride, W.H. and Bard, J.B., Hyaluronidase-sensitive halos around adherent cells. Their role in blocking lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis, J. Exp. Med., 149, 507, 1979. 

Experimental evidence suggests that the role of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated tumor immunity in patients with PNS and Yo antibodies is limited, as CD8+ CTLs were found in only two of nine tumors from PCD patients [218], Suppression of the T-cell response in PCD by tacrolimus has not led to tumor recurrence, but only short cycles of treatment have been administered [206]. 

Sutton IJ, Steele J, Savage CO, Winer JB, Young LS. An interferon-gamma ELISPOT and immunohistochemical investigation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumour immunity in patients with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration and anti-Yo antibodies. J Neuroimmunol 2004 150(l-2) 98-106. 

IV T-cell lymphocyte mediated Contact dermatitis, morbilliform skin rash... 

Most of the research on marine compounds with anti-HIV activity has focused on sulphated polysaccharides (PS) and proteins. Sulphated polymannuroguluronate is a marine sulphated PS which has entered phase II clinical trials in China as the first anti-AIDS drug candidate obtained from marine brown algae. Miao et al. [19] investigated the binding site(s) receptors of this compound in lymphocytes mediating its anti-AIDS activities. These results indicate that the interaction of this PS and CD4 may provide a mechanistic explanation of its immunopotentiating and anti-AIDS activities in HIV-infected individuals. 

Wahl, S.M., Wahl, L.M. and McCarthy, J.B. (1978). Lymphocyte-mediated activation of fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. J. Immunol. 121, 942-946. 

TNpp is considered to be an important mediator in a number of T-lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes. Also, TNFs seem to play a pivotal role in certain autoimmune diseases, such as in the pathogenesis of RA, because transgenic mice constitutively overexpress TNF inflammatory arthritis but no systemic lupus erythematosus-like lesions. These findings in animals and humans suggest that the ambient level of TNF might have a hitherto underappreciated capacity to control the form in which autoimmunity is expressed as a specific syndrome or disease. ... 

Perregaux DG, Svensson L, Gabel CA. Tenidap and other anion transport inhibitors disrupt cytolytic T lymphocyte-mediated IL-1 P post-translational processing, J Immuno 1996 157 57-64. 

Patients with ADA deficiency lack both T- and B-lymphocyte-mediated functions, namely, cellular and humoral immunity, respectively, and exhibit a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) disorder. Other genetic defects can cause SCID (Chapter 35), but ADA deficiency is responsible for about one-third of patients who have SCID. PNP deficiency is associated only with T-lymphocyte dysfunction. 

---