Herpes simplex virus infection

La, T.N.B. Latchman, D.S. (1988). A cellular protein related to heat shock protein 90 accumulates during herpes simplex virus infection and is overexpressed in transformed cells. Exp. Cell Res. 178, 169-179. 

Flistory of recurrent herpes simplex virus infection... 

Tyler KL. Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system Encephalitis and meningitis, including Mollaret s. Herpes 2004 ll(suppl2) 57A-64A. 

Herpes simplex virus infections should be considered in all neonates who present with nonspecific symptoms such as... 

YT Bryson, M Dillon, G Acuna, S Taylor, JD Cherry, BL Johnson, E Wiesmeier, W Growden, T Greagh-Kirk, R Keeney. Treatment of first episodes of genital herpes simplex virus infection with oral acyclovir. A randomized double-blind controlled trial in normal subjects. N Engl J Med 308 916-921, 1983. 

Wonnacott, K.M. and Bonneau, R.H., The effects of stress on memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated protection against herpes simplex virus infection at mucosal sites, Brain Behav. Immun., 16, 104, 2002. 

Bonneau, R. et al., Stress-induced modulation of the primary cellular immune response to herpes simplex virus infection is mediated by both adrenal-dependent and independent mechanisms, J. Neuroimmunol., 42, 167, 1993. 

Pujol CA, Scolaro LA, Ciancia M, Matulewicz MC, Cerezo AS, Damonte EB (2006) Antiviral activity of a carrageenan from Gigartina skottsbergii against intraperitoneal murine Herpes simplex virus infection. Planta Med 72 121-125... 

Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection Treatment of neonatal herpes infections. Parenteral Treatment of initial and recurrent mucosal and cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV)-I and -2 and varicella-zoster virus (VZV/shingles) infections in immunocompromised patients. 

Ointment Management of initial episodes of herpes genitalis and in limited non-life-threatening mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients. 

WraZ/nfecf/on. Treatment with tacrolimus ointment may be associated with an increased risk of varicella zoster virus infection (chicken pox or shingles), herpes simplex virus infection, or eczema herpeticum. 

Bourne N, Stanberry LR, Kem ER, Holan G, Matthews B, Bernstein DI. Dendrimers, a new class of candidate topical miciobicides with activity against herpes simplex virus infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000 44 2471-2474. 

Aciclovir is phosphorylated preferentially by herpes simplex virus-coded thymidine kinase and following further phosphorylation aciclovir triphosphate interferes with herpes virus DNA polymerase and viral DNA replication. Aciclovir topical cream is indicated in the management of initial genital herpes and in limited non-life threatening mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients. 

Foscarnet is an inorganic pyrophosphate analogue which causes selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase. Topical foscarnet cream has appeared to be a safe and effective treatment for aciclovir-unresponsive mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infection in AIDS patients. 

Trifluoromethyl-2 -deoxyuridine, trifluridine (Viroptic ), is an anti-viral drug acting on TS via another mechanism. It is a mechanism-based inactivator of thy-midylate synthase (Figs. 27 and 28). Trifluridine is marketed for the topical treatment of Herpes simplex virus infection in eyes. 

Trifluridine (5-trifluoromethyl-2 -deoxyuridine) (Viroptic ) is marketed for the topical treatment of herpes simplex virus infection in the eyes. This antiviral drug is a mechanism-based inactivator of thymidylate synthase. The mechanism of inhibition and synthesis of trifluoridine are reported in Chapter 7. 

Treatment of herpes simplex virus infection of the skin and mucous membrane, including initial and recurrent genital herpes. 

IgG receptors on cultured, human lymphocytes.526 Sialidase treatment of lymphocytes from sensitized subjects increased the responsiveness to viral, bacterial, and fungal antigens.527 The same treatment of human, Herpes simplex virus-infected cells was found to enhance the sensitivity of the cells to lysis mediated by antibody and complement.528... 

Inhibition of glycosylation in virus-infected cells usually has dramatic effects on virus multiplication. This discovery prompted promulgation of a new concept in the experimental therapy of virus-induced diseases. Local treatment of the affected regions with 2-deoxy-D-arabtno-hexose led50n s02 to significant improvements in human-genital herpes infections, or Herpes simplex virus infection of the eye. 

Topical acyclovir (Zovirax) is available as a 5% ointment topical penciclovir (Denavir), as a 1% cream for the treatment of recurrent orolabial herpes simplex virus infection in immunocompetent adults. Adverse local reactions to acyclovir and penciclovir may include pruritus and mild pain with transient stinging or burning. 

Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections (Birth to 3 months)... 

According to the CDC, the diagnosis of AIDS constitutes certain opportunistic infections, neoplasms, encephalopathy or wasting syndrome in the presence of HIV infection. In 1993, the CDC expanded the criteria to also include CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/p,l in the presence of HIV infection. The most common opportunistic infections includepneumocystis carinii pneumonia, pneumonitis, toxoplasmosis, mycobacterial disease, recurrent herpes simplex virus infection and/or cytomegalovirus infection. Kaposi s sarcoma is the most common form of cancer. HIV-related nervous system diseases include acute septic meningitis, AIDS dementia complex, subacute encephalitis, HIV encephalopathy and CNS opportunistic infections and neoplasm. 

Topical acyclovir (Zovirax) is available as a 5% ointment for application to primary cutaneous herpes simplex infections and to limited mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients. In primary infections, the use of topical acyclovir shortens the duration of viral shedding and may decrease healing time. In localized, limited mucocutaneous infections in immunocompromised patients, its use may be associated with a decrease in the duration of viral shedding. 

Hoke GD, Draper K, Freier SM, et al. Effect of phosphorothioate capping on antisense oligonucleotide stability, hybridization and antiviral efficacy versus herpes simplex virus infection, Nucleic Acid Res 1991 20 5743-5748. 

Uchoa UBC, Rezende RH, Carrasco MA, et al. Long-term acyclovir use to prevent recurrent ocular herpes simplex virus infection.Arch Ophthalmol 2003 121 1702-1704. 

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