Linseeds

The aromatic extracts have been used in the paint industry to partially replace linseed oil. They are still used for producing printer s ink. In addition, they are finding a variety of applications as plasticizers in the rubber industry or for the manufacture of plastics such as PVC. 

Red lead is a useful ingredient of anti-rusting paints, in which it is mixed with linseed oil. If glycerol is added to this mixture, a cement suitable for luting (i.e. making airtight or watertight) joints in iron pipes or vessels is obtained. 

Fatty Oil Hydrometer. The graduations on this hydrometer are in specific gravity within the range 0.908 to 0.938. The letters on the scale correspond to the specific gravity of the various common oils as follows R, rape O, olive A, almond S, sesame HL, hoof oil HP, hemp C, cotton seed L, linseed. See also Oleometer below. 

Quinoline Dinitrogen tetroxide, linseed oil, maleic anhydride, thionyl chloride... 

Thionyl chloride Ammonia, dimethylsulfoxide, linseed oil, quinoline, sodium... 

Linseed alkyd Linseed fatty acids Linseed oil... 

Because tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is virtuaHy colorless, it is used in lacquer formulations for aH colors as weU as water-white clear products. More speciftcaHy, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a wetting dispersant for most pigments. It has a high boiling point, high toluene dilution ratio, and good miscibility with oils, eg, linseed and soya, and is an exceUent solvent for a wide range of resins. 

Many seed oils, especially sunflower and linseed, contain waxes which serve as a protective coating for the seed. These waxes soHdify at colder temperatures and impart turbidity to the oil and interfere with subsequent processing. They are commonly removed from the cmde oil by refrigeration followed by filtration, a process commonly known as winterization. 

Chemical bleaching is never used on oils intended for edible use because it oxidizes unsaturated fatty acids to cause off-flavors. However, it does find wide usage for specialty linseed oil, for the paint industry, and fatty chemicals such as sorbitan esters of fatty acids and sodium stearoyl lactylate. Residual peroxide is destroyed by heating above its decomposition temperature. 

Soybean meal is the most frequently used source of supplemental protein in the United States (5). Cottonseed meal is another important protein supplement. Both meals are by-products from oil extraction of the seeds. Canola meal is derived from rapeseed low in emcic acid [112-86-7] and glucosinolates. Linseed (derived from flax seed), peanut, sunflower, safflower, sesame, coconut, and palm kernel meals are other sources of supplemental protein that are by-products of oil extraction (4). 

The flax fiber from the aimual plant IJnum usitatissimum (flax family, Liuaceae) has been used siuce ancient times as the fiber for linen. The plant grows iu temperate, moderately moist climates, for example, iu Belgium, France, Ireland, Italy, and Russia. The plant is also cultivated for its seed, from which linseed oil is produced. A by-product of the seed plant is the tow fiber used iu papermakiug. 

Articles of circular cross section may be made in iron paste molds. To keep the inner surface of the paste mold moist, it is coated with shellac or varnish and a mixture of charcoal and linseed oil is baked on. Hot iron molds ate used for ware of any shape, particularly for screw threading, multiple decoration, or raised lettering. 

Epo>y Compounds. Epoxidized soya oil (ESO) is the most widely used epoxy-type additive and is found ia most mixed metal stabilized PVC formulations at 1.0—3.0 phr due to its versatiHty and cost effectiveness. Other usefiil epoxy compounds are epoxidized glycerol monooleate, epoxidized linseed oil, and alkyl esters of epoxidized tall oil fatty acid. 

Fillers. Micronized carbonate whiting is the preferred mineral fill for putty and caulking compounds based on linseed oil or plastic, and vinyl-based floor coverings. It comprises 20—60% of the raw material mix (see Fillers). 

Oil Absorption. The Gardner mb-out (ASTM D281) method is used for this evaluation. A 5-g sample of mica is placed on a smooth glass plate, and linseed oil is added by drops. The mica is constantiy mixed while the oil is being added. The end point is reached when the mica becomes saturated with oil. The amount of oil per 45.4 kg of mica is calculated as follows ... 

Table 2. Exterior Alkyd-Linseed Oil Flat Solvent-Based House Paint ...

---