Dispersion wetting

Stable milky dispersion Wetting agent O/W emulsifier... 

A possible source of groundwater contamination, which has up to now almost been neglected, is associated with the introduction of surfactants into soils as pesticide additives (Table 6.7.3). Non-ionic surfactants composed of alcohols and fatty acids are most widely recommended as adjuvants to facilitate and enhance the absorbing, emulsifying, dispersing, wetting and penetrating properties of pesticides. Other pesticide adjuvants are silicone-based surfactants,... 

Suggested industrial uses of carbohydrate xanthates, apart from the cellulose Viscose process, include the flotation of minerals and the production of plastics. Two patents by Brown and his associate claim an effective purification of both iron ore and silvinite ore by froth-flotation processes employing, for example, sodium starch xanthate, pine oil, and a suitable amine. Silberstein obtained plastic masses from mixtures of sodium dextrin xanthate with urea, formaldehyde, or glyceritol. Starch xanthate has been suggested as a dispersing, wetting, and adhesive ma-... 

TRYLOX Ethoxylated Sorbitols and Ethoxylated Sorbitol Esters are hydrophilic surfactants that function as emulsifiers, dispersants, wetting agents, lubricants, plasticizers, and solubilizers in household, industrial and textile specialty products. The TRYLOX series generally contains structures that are highly efficient oll/solvent emulsifiers, hence they find wide acceptance as major emulsifier components in industrial and textile concentrates. 

Functions Aqueous Systems Dispersion/Wetting EMCOL 4580PG ... 

Solvent Systems Dispersion/Wetting Oil Systems Dispersion/Wetting... 

Solubility soluble in water slightly soluble in ethanol (95%) insoluble in organic solvents. Dissolution requires dispersion (wetting) of the solid in water at room temperature followed by heating the mixture to about 90°C for approximately 5 minutes. Mixing should be continued while the heated solution is cooled to room temperature. Specific gravity ... 

Wet Dispersion Wet dispersion separates agglomerates down to the primary particles by a suitable liquid. Dispersing agents and optional cavitational forces induced by ultrasound are often used. Care must be taken that the particles not be soluble in the liquid, or that they not flocculate. Microscopy and zeta potential measurements may be of utility in specifying the proper dispersing agents and conditions for dispersion. 

White AJ, Hounslow MJ (2000) Modelling droplet size distributions in poly-dispersed wet-stream flows. Int J Heat Mass Transfer 43(11) 1873-1884. 

The energy required to achieve dispersion wetting, is given by the product of the external area of the powder, A and the difference between ncl ygy. 

Qualitatively, the operation of the microfluidic flow-focusing system can be described in the following way. Two immiscible phases (e.g. Nitrogen and water, or water and oil) are delivered via their inlet channels to the flow-focusing junction. In this junction, one central inlet channel, that delivers the fluid-to-be-dispersed (e.g. Nitrogen to be dispersed into bubbles) ends upstream of a small constriction (an orifice). From the sides of the central channel, two additional ones terminate upstream of the orifice. These side channels deliver the continuous fluid (e.g. aqueous solution of surfactant). It is important that these continuous phase wets the walls of the microfluidic device preferentially. Otherwise - if the fluid-to-be-dispersed - wets the walls, the resulting flows are erratic [16] and it becomes virtually impossible to form bubbles (droplets) in a reproducible and controllable process. 

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