Linseed oil-based poly

An example of the large variety of monomer structures present in poly(HAMCL) is given in Fig. 2. Also different degrees of unsaturation in poly(HAMCL) can be established relatively easily [3-5,34-39]. For example, the compositional data in Table 1 for the repeat units show that about 16% of the mono-unsaturated double bonds are incorporated when oleic acid is used as feedstock. When tall oil fatty acids are used, over 40 % of the subunits of the resulting poly(HAMCL) are mono- or di-unsaturated, while the total degree of unsaturation of the alkyl side chains of linseed oil-based PHA is even higher (>65%). Moreover, a substantial part (about 30%) of these unsaturated linseed oil-based poly(HAMCL) subunits have up to three double bonds present. 

Zinc-containing linseed oil-based poly(ester amide) resins with different loadings of zinc acetate were prepared by an in situ condensation polymerisation reaction between linseed oil fatty amide diol, phthaUc anhydride and zinc acetate (a divalent metal salt with different mole ratios) in the absence of any solvent (Fig. 5.3). Similarly, linseed oil based-poly(ester amide urethane)s with alumina, Zn and Cd were prepared in situ by the reaction of linseed oil-derived fatty amide diol, aluminium trihydroxide, divalent zinc/cadmium acetate and toluene-2,4/2,6-diisocyanate, using a minimal amount of solvent.Castor oil and soybean oil-based poly(ester amide) containing Cd and Zn were also prepared to obtain improved performance, including antimicrobial properties. ... 

Modification by the incorporation of metals or metalloids, styrene, vinyl acetate, poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), urethane linkages, and so on result in poly(ester amide) resins with good chemical properties and excellent thermal resistance. Some can also be used as effective antibacterial and biologically safe corrosion protective coating materials. Urethane-modified ethylenediamine tetraacetic add the fatty amide diol of linseed oil-based poly(ester amide) resin exhibits excellent physicomechanical properties, high thermostability up to 200°C and anticorrosive properties. ... 

Conductive polymer nanocomposites may also be used in different electrical applications such as the electrodes of batteries or display devices. Linseed oil-based poly(urethane amide)/nanostuctured poly(l-naphthylamine) nanocomposites can be used as antistatic and anticorrosive protective coating materials. Castor oil modified polyurethane/ nanohydroxyapatite nanocomposites have the potential for use in biomedical implants and tissue engineering. Mesua ferrea and sunflower seed oil-based HBPU/silver nanocomposites have been found suitable for use as antibacterial catheters, although more thorough work remains to be done in this field. ° Sunflower oil modified HBPU/silver nanocomposites also have considerable potential as heterogeneous catalysts for the reduction of nitro-compounds to amino compounds. Castor oil-based polyurethane/ epoxy/clay nanocomposites can be used as lubricants to reduce friction and wear. HBPU of castor oil and MWCNT nanocomposites possesses good shape memory properties and therefore could be used in smart materials. ... 

S. M. Ashraf, S. Ahmad and U. Riaz, Development of novel conducting composites of linseed-oil based poly(urethane amide) with nanostructured poly(l-naphthylamine) , Polym Int, 2007,56,1173-81. 

Ashby, R. D., Foglia, T. A., Solaiman, D. K. Y., Liu, C.-K., Nunez, A., and Eggink, G. 2000. Viscoelastic properties of linseed oil—based medium chain length poly(hydroxyalkanoate) films effects of epoxidation and curing. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 27,355-361. 

Linseed oil-based medium chain length poly(hydroxyalkanoate) with a high concentration of unsaturated side chains may also be epoxidised using m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid at room temperature. Epoxidation results in a 37% conversion of olefinic to epoxy groups and the resin is cured at room temperature to obtain films with a high mechanical strength. ... 

Many similar hydrocarbon duids such as kerosene and other paraffinic and naphthenic mineral oils and vegetable oils such as linseed oil [8001-26-17, com oil, soybean oil [8001-22-7] peanut oil, tall oil [8000-26-4] and castor oil are used as defoamers. Liquid fatty alcohols, acids and esters from other sources and poly(alkylene oxide) derivatives of oils such as ethoxylated rosin oil [68140-17-0] are also used. Organic phosphates (6), such as tributyl phosphate, are valuable defoamers and have particular utiHty in latex paint appHcations. Another important class of hydrocarbon-based defoamer is the acetylenic glycols (7), such as 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol which are widely used in water-based coatings, agricultural chemicals, and other areas where excellent wetting is needed. 

Fig. 8. Gel formation of peroxide crosslinked poly(HAMCL), based on coconut fatty acids (COFA), oleic acid (OA), tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) or linseed oil fatty acids (LOFA)...

Both paints and adhesives are commonly formulated as polymer blends or grafts. In fact, some compositions resemble semi-IPN s or AB crosslinked copolymers (Section 8.7). For example, epoxy adhesive resins are often cured with polyamides (Bikerman, 1968). The product is tougher than materials cured with low-molecular-weight amines, possibly because of a separate amide phase in this AB crosslinked copolymer. A more complex molecular architecture is exhibited by the alkyd resins common in oil-based paints (Martens, 1968, Chapters 3 and 4). The major component is a polyester, which often forms a network structure on drying. The polyester component is reacted with various drying oils, such as linseed oil or tung oil (Martens, 1968, Chapters 3 and 4). These oils form an ester link to the polyester structures and also polymerize through their multiple double bonds. Latex paints always contain thickeners, such as cellulosics, poly(acrylic acid), casein. 

Air drying poly(ester amide) resins were produced by the incorporation of phthalic anhydride in poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride)-based room temperature cured poly (ester amide). This was prepared by the condensation reaction between AA -bis(2-hydroxy ethyl) linseed oil fatty amide and a copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride in the presence of an acid catalyst (Fig. 5.5). ... 

MFSO = Mesua ferrea L. seed oil LO = linseed oil, DCO = dehydrated castor oil, NSO = Niger seed oil, ASO = Annona squamosa oil, PGO = Pongamia glabra oil, DEA = diethanolamine, PA = phthalic anhydride, MA= maleic anhydride, AA = adipic acid, lA = isophthalic acid, CV = MEKP, co-octate and styrene-based curing system, TEA = triethylamine, HMMM = hexamethoxymethylmelamine, VA = vinyl acetate and SMA = poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), HBPA = hyperbranched polyamine. 

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