Life-cycle assessment model

Eady, S., Carre, A., Grant, T., 2012. Life cycle assessment modelling of complex agricultural systems with multiple food and fibre co-products. Journal of Cleaner Production 28, 143-149. 

Winkler J, Bilitewski B. Comparative evaluation of life cycle assessment models for solid waste management. Waste Manag 2007 27 1021-1031. 

The life cycle inventory is a quantification of relevant energy and material inputs and environmental release data associated with the production of cotton fixrm cradle-to-gate (fiber) and manufacturing from gate-to-gate (fabric). The associated life cycle assessment models the environmental impact of representative cotton apparel from the field through to consumer care, use and disposal. 

In this study, an analytic hierarchy structure was employed for evaluating product process and analyzing the process results. The effects of tangible aspects and objectives on the evaluation goal were systematically investigated using the second levels of tlie life cycle assessment model. The hierarchical structure of life cycle assessment of microwave hot air systems was shown m Figure 1. 

In order to obtain better results of life cycle assessment model, the following expression is used to represent the green grade matrix set of each assessment aspect, which can be described as excellent, good, ordinary, poor and bad, respectively [16]. 

Table II Life Cycle Assessment Model of Microwave Hot Air Systems...

Sugiyama, H., Hirao, M., Mendivil, R., Fischer, U., Hungerbiihler, K. (2006) A Hierarchical Activity Model of Chemical Process Design Based on Life Cycle Assessment. Process Safety and... 

Dr Georg Geisler is a product safety expert and modeller working with RCC Ltd, a Contract Research Organisation based in Basel, Switzerland. In this function, he conducts environmental risk assessments of pesticides, biocides and other chemicals, as well as safety assessments for pesticide residues in the food chain. In 2003, Georg Geisler earned his Ph.D. on environmental life-cycle assessment of pesticides at ETH Zurich. In 1999, he had received a Diploma in environmental chemistry at the Friedrich-Schiller University, Jena, Germany. 

Nemecek T, Erzinger S. Modelling Representative Life Cycle Inventories for Swiss Arable Crops. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 2005 10(l) 68-76. DOI 10.1065/lca2004.09.181.8... 

Larsen FIF, Hansen MS, Hauschild M (2006) Ecolabelling of printed matter. Part II life cycle assessment of model sheet fed offset printed matter. Working Report No. 24. Danish Ministry of the Environment, Environmental Protection Agency, Copenhagen... 

The CalTOX model was originally developed as a set of spreadsheet models and spreadsheet data sets for assessing human exposures from continuous releases to air, soil, and water [7]. Hertwich [65-67] applied the CalTOX model for the assessment of human toxicity in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). Ecotoxicicity is not evaluated in the model. 

Rosenbaum R, Bachmann TM, Gold LS, Huijbregts MAJ, Jolliet O, Juraske R, Koehler A, Larsen HF, MacLeod M, Margni M, McKone TE, Payet J, Schuhmacher M, van de Meent D, Hauschild MZ (2008) USEtox the UNEP-SETAC toxicity model recommended characterisation factors for human toxicity and freshwater ecotoxicity in life cycle impact assessment. Int J Life Cycle Assess 13 532-546... 

Thomas V, Caudill R, Badwe D (1998) Marginal emission and variation across models life-cycle assessment of a television. Electronics and the Environment, 1998. ISEE-1998. Proceedings of the 1998 I.E. International Symposium on... 

In the first part of this book, different models related to the assessment of the potential risk posed by the chemical additives are presented. These models come from different fields of expertise toxicology, risk assessment, chemicals fate and exposure, life cycle assessment, economics, etc. The potential benefits of the different models as well as their drawbacks are analyzed in order to select some of them for the application to particular case studies. 

Characterization models, in life cycle assessment, 14 818-820 Charcoal... 

Also, in the 1990s, the Environmental Protection Agency began to focus on pollution prevention. The idea was to cut pollution using natural ecosystems as a model. Industrial systems should not be open-ended, dumping endless byproducts, but closed, as nature is, continuously cycling and recyling. This concept includes life cycle assessment (LCA) which considers ... 

We start with a definition of the problem and based on this, we identify the candidates (such as, molecules, mixtures and formulations) through expert knowledge, database search, model-based search, or a combination of all. The next step is to perform experiments and/or model-based simulations (of product behavior) to identify a feasible set of candidates. At this stage, issues related to process design are introduced and a process-product match is obtained. The final test is related to product quality and performance verification. Other features, such as life cycle assessment could also be introduced at this stage. 

FIGURE 18.12 System model for solvent assessment using the life cycle assessment method.14... 

In the near future, the main concerns of CAPE will probably focus on issues related to product design (molecular modeling for solving function-property-composition problems), supply chain management (cost reduction of raw materials, effective use of energy and its new sources), and life cycle assessment (mitigation of climate change, process sustainability). 

The inventory data and the classified and characterized results are the ecological profile of the product or product system under study. These profiles may be used as modules for the life cycle assessment of subsequent products, for which these products are input of goods (e.g. LCl data of a steel production analysis are the basis for an LCA of a car made of tailored blanks such as building material profiles, for example, may be used to analyze buildings). A prerequisite for this is however that the methods and background data used for the modeling of the systems are identical. 

Fig. 17 Life Cycle Model in a professional software system for Life Cycle Assessment example of production of MDI...

Huijbregts MAJ, Thissen U, Guinee JB, Jager T, van de Meent D, Ragas AMJ, Wegener Sleeswijk A, Reijnders L (2000) Priority assessment of toxic substances in life cycle assessment, I Calculation of toxicity potentials for 181 substances with the nested multi-media fate, exposure and effects model USES-LCA. Chemosphere 41 541-573 Tox Huijbregts MAJ, Guinee JB, Reijnders L (2001) Priority assessment of toxic substances in life cycle assessment, III Export of potential impact over time and space. Chemosphere 44(l) 59-65 Tox... 

Kloverpris J., H. Wenzel, M. Banse, L. Mila i Canals and A. Reenberg (2008) Conference and workshop on modelling global land use implications in the environmental assessment of biofuels . International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 178-83. 

Transport in saturated and unsaturated porous media in the subsurface is governed by many of the same mechanisms and affected by many of the same properties of nanomaterials and suspension chemistry. The extent of saturation will affect the retention of nanoparticles as they migrate through a porous medium, with a greater total retention expected for unsaturated porous media. Theoretic models and mathematical relationships are helpful for predicting transport of nanomaterrals in porous media, but experimental data in natural conditions is needed for life cycle assessments and environmental standards. 

Traditional methods for clean manufacturing focus on waste or energy audits, which are summarized in Section 4.1. New methods focus on life cycle design, life cycle assessment, production planning models with environmental considerations, and environmental management systems, which are described in Sections 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5, respectively. 

Sandin, G., Peters, G.M., Svanstrom, M., 2014. Life cycle assessment of construction materials the infiuence of assumptions in end-of-life modeling. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 19, 723—731. 

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