Lesion Morphology

PAF also has potent effects on many other biological systems. For example, PAF induces hepatic phosphoinositide turnover and glycogenolysis which is accompanied by glucose release into the plasma. PAF has also been implicated as a mediator of ischemic bowel necrosis since it can independently induce lesions morphologically similar to those present during human necrotizing enterocolitis. Furthermore, the role of PAF or a PAF-like lipid as an endogenous antihypertensive substance is currently under intense experimental scrutiny. 

Effect of in vivo Depletion of MCP-1, MIP-la, and Eotaxin on the Cytokine Profile and Lesion Morphology Associated with the Thl- and Th2-type Pulmonary Granuloma Models... 

Polyclonal rabbit antimouse neutralizing antibodies to these chemokines were administered 2 h prior to the iv administration of PPD- or SEA-coated beads into appropriately sensitized mice. Cytokine ELISA and lesion morphology was performed on lungs removed 4 d after bead administration. 

MIP-la and CCR2 were deleted from mice using homologous recombination techniques. Mice were sensitized to PPD from Mycobacteria or Schistosoma mansoni egg antigen and were then injected intravenously with either Sephadex beads coated with PPD (Thl-type model) or SEA (Th2-type model). Cytokines and lesion morphology was performed on lungs removed from MIP-la knock-out and CCR2 knock-out mice 4 d after PPD or SEA beads were injected. 

Mainly CPR, because of the natural ductal curvature, permits to display on a two-dimensional image the course of the main pancreatic duct, to visualise its contents and to clearly measure its dimensions moreover, CPR allows to highlight the dilation, stenosis and possible calcification reformatted bi-dimensional imaging also allows the clear analysis of lesion morphological characteristics (thin/thick septa, presence of calcification and their location inside the lesion), providing additional imaging details (Sahani et al. 2006). 

Vein graft and carotid interventions, possible use in other peripheral interventions (e.g., renal arteries) Obtain more anatomical information, evaluate lesion morphology or adequacy of intervention (e.g., stent expansion)... 

OCDD caused embryotoxicity but was not teratogenic at 500 mg/ kg/day. OCDD and 2,7-DCDD caused neither teratogenicity nor embryotoxicity at 100 mg/kg/day. Khera and Ruddick (7) reported that the administration of 2 mg 2,7-DCDD/kg/day was associated with microscopic myocardial and pericardial lesions in rat fetuses. However, examination of sections of myocardium and pericardium from fetuses of dams treated with 100 mg doses in this study revealed no morphological differences from controls. 

Wollenberg A. Kraft S. Hanau D. Bieber T Immuno-morphological and ultrastructural characterization of Langerhans cells and a novel, inflammatory dendritic epidermal cell population in lesional skin of atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 1996 106 446-453. 

We have already stressed the potential importance of lipid-rich membranes in the skin as potential targets for ROS-induced damage and ageing of human skin is morphologically identical to changes found by peroxidative processes (Serri et al., 1977). The involvement of AA metabolites in skin disease, and in particular psoriasis, has been the subject of much recent interest. Studies have included topical and intradermal administrations of AA metabolites, and assay of such products in clinical specimens. Results show that concentration of AA, 12-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE), PG and leu-kotrienes are increased in psoriatic lesions (Hammarstrom etal., 1975 Camp etal., 1983 Brain etal., 1984 Duell et al., 1988) and also that full-thickness epidermis from normal and diseased skin has the enzymatic capacity to convert AA to some of the same metabolites (Hammarstrom etal., 1975, 1979 Camp etal., 1983 Brain etal., 1984 Ziboh et al., 1984 DueU et al., 1988). The biological effect of both 12-HETE and leukotrienes was confirmed by both topical application and intradermal injection, which caused epidermal inflammation and... 

Bjorklund, A. Nobin, A. and Stenevi, U. The use of neurotoxic dihydroxytryptamines as tools for morphological studies and localized lesioning of central indolamine neurons. Z Zellforsch 145 479-501, 1973. 

Due to the variable appearance of genital warts, treatment maybe based on the size, site, and morphology of the lesions. Additionally, switching to alternate therapy is appropriate if there has been no response after three treatment cycles. 

Two types of OPIDN have been described in animals (Abou-Donia and Lapadula 1990). Type I is produced by compounds with a pentavalent phosphorus (like TOCP), and Type II is produced by compounds with a trivalent phosphorus. Characteristics used to differentiate between the types of OPIDN include species selectivity, age sensitivity, length of latent period, and morphology of neuropathologic lesions. Thus, at doses that did not produce death due to acetylcholinesterase inhibition, TOCP (a Type I compound) produced lesions in the spinal cord of rats without producing ataxia. In contrast, triphenyl phosphite (a Type II compound) produced delayed (1 week) ataxia in the rat and a distribution of spinal cord lesions distinct from those produced by TOCP (Abou-Donia and Lapadula 1990). 

While IHC has become an increasingly important adjunct to pathologic diagnosis, it should not be considered a substitute for a careful morphologic evaluation of clinical biopsy samples. A wise pathologist once said, if you do not have a pretty good idea of what a lesion is before you stain it, IHC will only turn what you do not know brown, and in all likelihood, you still will not know what the lesion is. ... 

They have many of the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of disease filaments [11, 12] (Fig. 45-5). Assembly is a nucleation-dependent process that occurs through its amino-terminal repeats. The carboxy-terminal region, in contrast, is inhibitory. Assembly is accompanied by the transition from random coil to a [3-pleated sheet. By electron diffraction, a-synuclein filaments show a conformation characteristic of amyloid fibers. Under the conditions of these experiments, P- and y-synucleins failed to assemble, consistent with their absence from the filamentous lesions of the human diseases. When incubated with a-synuclein, P- and y-synucleins inhibit the fibrillation of a-synuclein, suggesting that they may indirectly influence the pathogenesis of Lewy body diseases and multiple system atrophy. 

Spitsbergen, J.M., J.M. Kleeman, and R.E. Peterson. 1988a. Morphologic lesions and acute toxicity in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Jour. Toxicol. Environ, Health 23 333-358. 

Holladay, S.D., S.A. Smith, R.M. Gogal, E.G. Besteman, T. Hrubec, A.S.M.I. Deyab, and S.A. Ahmed. 1996. Morphologic lesions and acute immunotoxic effects in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. IAAAM Proc. 27 59. 

Ingested arsenic localizes to the skin [2, 7], where it may alter cutaneous immune responses. The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) was suppressed in Bowen s disease patients [8], Langerhans cells (LC) in skin lesions and perilesioned skin from arsenic-induced Bowen s disease and carcinomas were reduced in number and were morphologically altered, having a notable loss of dendrites [9], These data suggest that chronic exposure to arsenic in drinking water may... 

Aminoaciduria, proteinuria and morphological kidney lesions can be induced in rats with a single [420] dose of NiCl2 (2-5 mg Ni/kg intraperitoneally). Amino-acid protein excretions consistently returned to normal by day 5 after exposure. 

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