Journal Article Contributions

The full list of all journals considered by the panel is given in Table C-l in Appendix C. 

The panel focused its analysis of journal publications data on the following metrics  

To assess research leadership the panel concentrated on percent of hot papers, percent of highly cited papers, and the virtual congress results, which will be defined in more detail later in the report. For these criteria the following metric was used  

we first look at the numbers of journal articles being published in S E overall, in chemistry, and finally in chemistry area-specific journals. It is important to note that the overall percentage of papers contributed by a particular country indicates only the quantity of work performed, rather than quality. That is why numerous other metrics were applied to the assessment to gauge the quality of the chemistry research produced by each country. 

FIGURE 3-1 Numbers of all S E articles for select countries and regions. 

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One of the most overused words by inexperienced writers is the word very. Some scientists would argue that all instances of the word very should be eliminated from journal articles because its use contributes to wordiness, minimizes objectivity, and indicates a lack of precision on the part of the writer. Nevertheless, very is observed in the chemical literature, although infrequently. In excerpts 4A-4G, it appears only twice ... 

When used properly, such words and phrases contribute to the flow of the written passage. Of course, their use is not confined to the Introduction section of a journal article (although all the examples here come from Introductions). When used appropriately, and in the right places, such words and phrases add cohesiveness to a journal article as a whole. A list of useful phrases, organized by their common functions, is presented in table 6.6. Many, but not all, of these phrases are conventionally followed by commas when they start a sentence. 

This chapter focuses on writing a conference abstract, not to be confused with a journal article abstract, which was addressed in chapter 7. A conference abstract is submitted in response to a Call for Abstracts issued by conference organizers, typically 3-6 months before the conference takes place. The abstract is reviewed and, if accepted, allows the authors to present a contributed paper (as either an oral or poster presentation) at a conference session. Only accepted papers may be presented at a conference whether they are oral or poster presentations is a decision usually made by conference organizers. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to do the following ... 

As we have shown in Chapters 2 and 3, under the normal operating conditions of STM, the tunneling current can be calculated from the wavefunctions a few A from the outermost nuclei of the tip and the sample. The wavefunctions at the surfaces of solids, rather than the wavefunctions in the bulk, contribute to the tunneling current. In this chapter, we will discuss the general properties of the wavefunctions at surfaces. This is to fill the gap between standard solid-state physics textbooks such as Kittel (1986) and Ashcroft and Mermin (1985), which have too little information, and monographs as well as journal articles, which are too much to read. For more details, the book of Zangwill (1988) is helpful. 

The literature on deconvolution is rich with the contributions of many investigators. These contributions are, however, scattered among journals devoted to numerous specialties. No single volume has been available that provides both an overview and the detail needed by a newcomer to this field. When a specific need arises, a recent journal article or the advice of a colleague often initiates a considerable, but not always successful, search. The lack of a suitable volume has fostered this understandable approach. Although it may be sorely needed, deconvolution is a distraction for the researcher in pursuit of personal scientific goals. The present work conveys an understanding of the field and presents under one cover a selection of the most effective, practical techniques. 

Among Reichmanis s many honors is the Society of Chemical Industry s 2001 Perkin Medal for her pioneering contributions to designing materials that allow silicon chips to continue shrinking in size while also improving in performance. She has authored more than 120 journal articles, edited five books, and organized and chaired numerous national and international symposia. She holds 17 U.S. patents. Reichmanis earned her B.S. (1972) and Ph.D. (1975) at Syracuse University. She resides in Westfield, NJ. 

Among the hot papers analyzed, 10 percent were attributed to analytical chemistry (Table 3-3) 60 percent of these articles were U.S. authored, 25 percent were from Western Europe, 5 percent were from Japan, 5 percent were from other Asia, and 5 percent were from all other countries or regions. These data taken alone would place the U.S. as the leader in analytical chemistry. In terms of journal citations, contributions to highly cited articles from the area of analytical chemistry have grown over the years—from 37.5 percent for 1990-1994 and 48.8 percent for 1995-1999, to 49.3 percent for 2000-2006. Taken alone these data place the U.S. among the leaders in analytical chemistry. However, the U.S. contribution to the most cited articles in the ACS journal Analytical Chemistry has been declining, while Western Europe s contribution has increased significantly. U.S. authors contributed 75 percent of the most accessed articles in Analytical Chemistry and 70 percent in the Journal of Proteomic Research. 

The goal of this chapter is to give an overview of the current status of research on the systemic microcirculation. Issues of pulmonary microcirculation are not discussed. Because of space limitations, it is not possible to recognize numerous important contributions to the field of microcirculatory mechanics and mass transport. In most cases we refer to recent reviews, when available, and journal articles where earlier references can be found. We discuss experimental and theoretical findings and point out gaps in our understanding of microcirculatory flow phenomena. 

Professor Sastre has published more than 200 journal articles and more than 80 papers in international conferences. She holds six patent applications. She has advised 13 PhD students and 16 master s theses, and is a reviewer of many international journals. She was awarded the Narcis Monturiol Medal for Scientific and Technological Merits in 2003 by the Generalitat de Catalunya for her outstanding contribution in science and technology. 

Figure 1 Number of articles abstracted each year by the Chemical Abstracts Service from journals covering aspects of computational chemistry. Overall, the upward trend in the number of publications is apparent, although the increasing number of journals has contributed to a fragmentation and specialization of the literature. By way of comparison, the number of articles abstracted annually from the Journal of the American Chemical Society has fluctuated around 1800-1900 during the same period.

Environmental Modelling and Software With Environment Data News (1364-8152) (1873-6726). This journal publishes contributions in the form of research articles, reviews, and short communications as well as software and data news on recent advances in environmental modeling and/or software to improve the capacity to represent, understand, predict, or manage the behavior of environmental systems at all practical scales. 

Gilbert Newton Lewis (born Weymouth Massachusetts 1875 died Berkeley Califor nia 1946) has been called the greatest American chemist The January 1984 issue of the Journal of Chemical Education contains five articles describing Lewis s life and contributions to chemistry... 

Joint Authorship. When more than one author has created a work, the work is said to be a joint work. Under the law, such a joint work is one prepared by two or more authors with the intention that their contributions be merged into inseparable or interdependent parts of a unitary whole. Thus joint authorship can occur when a composer and a lyricist collaborate on a song. Even though their contributions can exist independendy of each other, ie, the music as an instmmental, the lyrics as a poem, they were created as interdependent parts of a unitary whole, ie, the song. Two scientists collaborating on an article for a scientific journal are similarly joint authors. Their contributions caimot be teased out of the article they have written and so are inseparable parts of a unitary whole. The test of joint authorship is intention. The creation must be made with the intention that the contributions be merged into one work, and that intention caimot be imputed after the fact of creation if it was not there to begin with. 

The University of Kazan was home to a number of prominent nineteenth-century organic chemists. Their contributions are recognized in two articles published in the January and February 1994 issues of the Journal of Chemical Education (pp. 39-42 and 93-98). 

Oersted was named a fellow of several learned societies, presented with medals, and awarded cash prizes. At home, Oersted became Denmark s leading citizen. He continued his research, but as an international figure he traveled extensively, became fluent in many languages, and met with the leading scientists of the time. He gave frequent public lectures and became a director of the Royal Polytechnic Institute of Copenhagen. He also had a lifelong interest in literature and, in 1829, he founded a literary journal to which he frequently contributed articles about sci-... 

The results obtained by Garcia Gonzalez and his coworkers attracted interest abroad, and it was a source of great satisfaction for him to receive, in 1953, an invitation from Professor M. L. Wolfrom to write the first of his articles in this Series. A further international recognition as a carbohydrate chemist ensued in 1965, when he was invited to serve as a member of the Editorial Advisory Board of the new international journal Carbohydrate Research. In 1975, he was asked to contribute with a lecture, subsequently published, on Synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkyl Heterocycles, to a Symposium on New Synthetic Methods for Carbohydrates organized by the American Chemical Society to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Society (New York, 1976). 

The journal Fulls Econdmics del Sistema Sanitari34 published a monograph on pharmaceutical provision in its issue number 33 (November 1999), in which the most notable contribution is the article by Puig.35 It features comparative data for pharmaceutical expenditure in Europe and an analysis of measures taken recently in Spain to contain this expenditure, on both the demand side and the supply side. 

The American Chemical Society took pride in the role it had played in the recruitment of chemists for research on chemical warfare and it was largely responsible for the publication of the results of their work. A series of articles appeared in the widely read Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry designated as "Contributions from the Chemical Warfare Service," summarizing the techniques and findings useful to the wider study of chemistry (39). When the War Department attempted to abolish the Chemical Warfare Service in 1919, the ACS cooperated in a campaign of publicity about the work of the Chemical Warfare Service and contributed in a major way to its survival (40). Many chemists who formerly had worked in the Research Division delivered public addresses and wrote letters in support of the continuance of the Chemical Warfare Service to newspapers and to members of Congress. 

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