Isobutyl-acetic acid

With sodium, sodium isoamyl is formed, but in ethereal solution in a stream of carbon dioxide, isobutyl acetic acid results. Mercury di-isoamyl heated with zinc in a sealed tube for thirty-six hours at 180° C. yields zinc di-isoamyl. The mercury compound and glacial acetic acid heated for sixteen hours at 200° C. give isopentane, metallic mercury, and amyl acetate. Treatment with thallic chloride gives isoamyl mercuric chloride and thallous chloride. ... 

In this way they prepared butyric ethyl ester from potassium acetate and potassium-ethyl succinate. The synthesis of the ethyl ester of valeric, capronic, and isobutyl-acetic acid was also effected. 

In the case of low temperature tar, the aqueous Hquor that accompanies the cmde tar contains between 1 and 1.5% by weight of soluble tar acids, eg, phenol, cresols, and dihydroxybenzenes. Both for the sake of economics and effluent purification, it is necessary to recover these, usually by the Lurgi Phenosolvan process based on the selective extraction of the tar acids with butyl or isobutyl acetate. The recovered phenols are separated by fractional distillation into monohydroxybenzenes, mainly phenol and cresols, and dihydroxybenzenes, mainly (9-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), methyl (9-dihydtoxybenzene, (methyl catechol), and y -dihydroxybenzene (resorcinol). The monohydric phenol fraction is added to the cmde tar acids extracted from the tar for further refining, whereas the dihydric phenol fraction is incorporated in wood-preservation creosote or sold to adhesive manufacturers. Naphthalene Oils. Naphthalene is the principal component of coke-oven tats and the only component that can be concentrated to a reasonably high content on primary distillation. Naphthalene oils from coke-oven tars distilled in a modem pipe stiU generally contain 60—65% of naphthalene. They are further upgraded by a number of methods. 

About 69% of the total 1988 U.S. consumption of isobutyraldehyde, went into the production of isobutyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde condensation and esterification products. The other principal isobutyraldehyde derivative markets (as a percentage of total 1988 U.S. isobutyraldehyde consumption) are neopentyl glycol (15%) isobutyl acetate (6%) isobutyric acid (5%) isobutyUdene diurea (2.5%) and methyl isoamyl ketone (1.7%). 

Several examples of cost-effective liquid-hquid extraction processes include the recovery of acetic acid from water (Fig. 15-1), using ethyl ether or ethyl acetate as described by Brown [Chem. Eng. Prog., 59(10), 6.5 (1963)], or the recoveiy of phenolics from water as described by Lauer, Littlewood, and Butler [7/Steel Eng., 46(5), 99 (1969)] with butyl acetate, or with isopropyl ether as described by Wurm [Gliickauf, 12, 517 (1968)], or with methyl isobutyl ketone as described by Scheibel [ Liqmd-Liquid Extraction, in Periy Weiss-... 

TABLE 15-1 Water-Acetic Acid-Methyl Isobutyl Ketone,... 

FIG. 15-42 Extraction in Mixco columns, methyl isobutyl ketone-acetic acid-water (continuous), d, = 0.5 ft, Zj = 0..3.3.3 ft, X = flooded condition. To convert feet to meters, multiply by 0..34S to convert feet per hour to meters per hour, multiply by 0.3048. 

Typical data for operation with methyl isobutyl ketone, water, acetic acid four stages 101.6-mm stage height, 152-mm-diameter column extraction, water ketone. 

FIG. 15 53 Effect of pulsing on extraction in a packed column methyl isobutyl ketone-acetic acid-water (continuous). Tower diameter = 1.58 in, 27-in depth of V4-in Raschig rings. = Vc = 7.5 to 10. To convert inches to centimeters, multiply by 2.54. [Data of Chanhy, von Berg, and Wiegandt, Ind. Eng. Chem., 47, 1153 (1.9.55), with permission. ... 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Acetic acid, isobutyl ester 2-Methyl-1-propyl acetate beta-Methylpropyl ethanoate Chemical Formula CH3COOCHjCH(CH3)2. 

Methyl isobutyl ketone — pyridine — glacial acetic acid (97.5 + 1.5 + 1). 

Acetaldehyde, methanol, ethanol (major), ethyl acetate, n-pro-pyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, acetic acid, amyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol... 

Acetic acid, isobutyraldehyde, methylethyl ketone, isobutyl alcohol, n-propyl acetate, and ivobutyric acid... 

Acetaldehyde, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, toluene, butyl acetate, isobutyl alcohol, and acetic acid... 

Isobutyl methyl ketone - glacial acetic acid — /i-hexane — tetrahydrofuran - dioxane (8-i-2-(-l-i-H-l). 

Devoto 115)has described an indirect procedure for the determination of 0.1 ppm arsenic in urine. The arsenomolybdic acid complex is formed and extracted from 1 ml of urine at pH 2 into 10 ml of cyclohexanone. The molybdenum in the complex is then measured. Before extracting the arsenic, phosphate in the urine is separated by extracting the phosphomolybdic acid complex at pH 1 into isobutyl acetate. The direct determination of arsenic in biological material and blood and urine is best done using a nitrous oxide-acetylene flame 116>. The background absorption by this flame is low at 1937 A, and interferences are minimized due to the high temperature of the flame. 

Several investigators have described the indirect determination of orthophosphate by extraction of the phosphomolybdic acid complex and the measuring the molybdenum extracted. Zaugg and Knox 2921 first applied this technique to the determination of phosphate in urine. A protein-free filtrate was formed and the complex was extracted into 2-octanol. More recently, Devoto 293) determined 0 to 25 pg of phosphate in 50 ml of urine by extracting the complex from acidified urine into isobutyl acetate. 

Reducing Agents Hydrogen, lithium aluminum hydride, sodium borohy-dride, di-isobutyl aluminum hydride, iron metal Acids Sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, acetic acid, formic acid... 

METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE n-PENTYL FORMATE n-BUTYL ACETATE sec-BUTYL ACETATE tert-BUTYL ACETATE ETHYL n-BUTYRATE ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE ISOBUTYL ACETATE n-PROPYL PROPIONATE CYCLOHEXYL PEROXIDE DIACETONE ALCOHOL 2-ETHYL BUTYRIC ACID n-HEXANOIC ACID 2-ETHOXYETHYL ACETATE HYDROXYCAPROIC ACID PARALDEHYDE... 

Bell (1956) reported that the composition of photodegradation products formed were dependent upon the initial 2,4-D concentration and pH of the solutions. 2,4-D undergoes reductive dechlorination when various polar solvents (methanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol, ferf-butyl alcohol, octanol, ethylene glycol) are irradiated at wavelengths between 254 to 420 nm. Photoproducts formed included 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dichloroanisole, 4-chlorophenol, 2- and 4-chlorophenoxy-acetic acid (Que Hee and Sutherland, 1981). 

Synonyms Acetic acid, isobutyl ester Acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester AI3-15305 BRN 1741909 EINECS 203-745-1 FEMA No. 2175 IsoBuAc Isobutyl ethanoate 2-Methylpropyl acetate 2-Methyl-l-propyl acetate P-Methylpropyl ethanoate NSC 8035 UN 1213. 

Acetic acid, 2-ethoxyethyl ester, see 2-Ethoxyethyl acetate Acetic acid, ethylene ester, see Vinyl acetate Acetic acid, ethyl ester, see Ethyl acetate Acetic acid, isobutyl ester, see Isobutyl acetate Acetic acid, isopentyl ester, see Isoamyl acetate Acetic acid, isopropyl ester, see Isopropyl acetate Acetic acid, 2-methoxyethyl ester, see Methyl cellosolve acetate... 

Acetic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester, see Isobutyl acetate... 

Indenopyrene, see Indeno[l,2,3-crf pyrene l//-Indole, see Indole Indolene, see Indoline Inexit, see Lindane Inhibisol, see 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Insecticide 497, see Dieldrin Insecticide 4049, see Malathion Insectophene, see a-Endosulfan, p-Endosulfan Intox 8, see Chlordane Inverton 245, see 2,4,5-T lodomethane, see Methyl iodide IP, see Indeno[l,2,3-crf pyrene IP3, see Isoamyl alcohol Ipaner, see 2,4-D IPE, see Isopropyl ether IPH, see Phenol Ipersan, see Trifluralin Iphanon, see Camphor Isceon 11, see Trichlorofluoromethane Isceon 122, see Dichlorodifluoromethane Iscobrome, see Methyl bromide Iscobrome D, see Ethylene dibromide Isoacetophorone, see Isophorone a-Isoamylene, see 3-Methyl-l-butene Isoamyl ethanoate, see Isoamyl acetate Isoamylhydride, see 2-Methylbutane Isoamylol, see Isoamyl alcohol Isobac, see 2,4-Dichlorophenol Isobenzofuran-l,3-dione, see Phthalic anhydride 1,3-Isobenzofurandione, see Phthalic anhydride IsoBuAc, see Isobutyl acetate IsoBuBz, see Isobutylbenzene Isobutane, see 2-Methylpropane Isobutanol, see Isobutyl alcohol Isobutene, see 2-Methylpropene Isobutenyl methyl ketone, see Mesityl oxide Isobutyl carbinol, see Isoamyl alcohol Isobutylene, see 2-Methylpropene Isobutylethylene, see 4-Methyl-l-pentene Isobutyl ketone, see Diisobutyl ketone Isobutyl methyl ketone, see 4-Methyl-2-pentanone Isobutyltrimethylmethane, see 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane Isocumene, see Propylbenzene Isocyanatomethane, see Methyl isocyanate Isocyanic acid, methyl ester, see Methyl isocyanate Isocyanic acid, methylphenylene ester, see 2,4-Toluene-diisocyanate... 

Acetamido-4-amino-6-chloro-s-triazine, see Atrazine Acetanilide, see Aniline, Chlorobenzene, Vinclozolin Acetic acid, see Acenaphthene, Acetaldehyde, Acetic anhydride. Acetone, Acetonitrile, Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, Aldicarb. Amyl acetate, sec-Amyl acetate, Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Butyl acetate, sec-Butyl acetate, ferf-Butyl acetate, 2-Chlorophenol, Diazinon. 2,4-Dimethylphenol, 2,4-Dinitrophenol, 2,4-Dinitrotoluene, 1,4-Dioxane, 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine, Esfenvalerate. Ethyl acetate, Flucvthrinate. Formic acid, sec-Hexyl acetate. Isopropyl acetate, Isoamyl acetate. Isobutyl acetate, Methanol. Methyl acetate. 2-Methvl-2-butene. Methyl ferf-butvl ether. Methyl cellosolve acetate. 2-Methvlphenol. Methomvl. 4-Nitrophenol, Pentachlorophenol, Phenol. Propyl acetate. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, Vinyl acetate. Vinyl chloride Acetoacetic acid, see Mevinphos Acetone, see Acrolein. Acrylonitrile. Atrazine. Butane. 

Synonyms Acetic acid, isobutyl ester 2-methylpropyl acetate... 

Colorless gas pungent suffocating odor gas density 2.927 g/L at 20°C heavier than air, vapor density 2.263 (air=l) condenses to a colorless liquid at -10°C density of liquid SO2 1.434 g/mL freezes at -72.7°C critical temperature 157.65°C critical pressure 77.78 atm critical volume 122 cc/g dielectric constant 17.27 at -16.5°C dissolves in water forming sulfurous acid, solubility 22.97 g and 11.58 g/lOOmL water at 0° and 20°C, respectively, under atmospheric pressure very soluble in acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetic acid, and alcohol soluble in sulfuric acid liquid SO2 slightly miscible in water. 

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