Inspection methods visual

The laser-based gun tube inspection systems are intended to augment and, perhaps eventually, replace the labor-intensive, time consuming and subjective visual inspection methods that are currently employed by these facilities. 

The extent of deterioration may be measured by one or more of the following methods visual examination, change in weight, change in tensile properties. Visual inspection was depended upon primarily in the A-5 tests... 

Visual Inspection and Mensuration This is regarded by Abramchuk as so fundamental that it should be a logical prelude to most other inspection methods. A properly executed visual inspection can ... 

The introduction of tight personal security procedures and visual or X-ray inspection of carry-on luggage at all domestic and international airports in 1972, resulted in almost complete elimination of skyjacking incidents in the USA. This situation has most likely interrupted or delayed the further development of automatic non-destructive inspection methods for expls in baggage at airline terminals... 

After finishing these evaluations, the inspection efficiency of the machine should be compared with the visual inspection method. 

Positive pressure/submersion V acuum/ submersion Dye penetration Vapor/particle leak testing Visual inspection methods Light transmission tests... 

Other approaches for presenting information to facilitate the visualization of meaningful patterns for rapid decision involve combinatorial chemistry-related applications. For example, methods for the analysis of combinatorial chemistry-derived samples provide visual representations of the 96-well plate (Figure 5.5) (Yates et al., 2001). Following the LC/MS analysis, an automated analysis is performed, according to preestablished thresholds to search for the protonated molecule ion of the analyte. If the ion is found, then the visual representation of the corresponding well is marked with a distinguishing color scheme. In this way, the scientist quickly inspects the visual representation to make decisions. 

In reality, the identification of one or more forms of corrosion requires visual observation, nondestructive inspection methods, optical microscopic examination, and sometimes electron scanning microscopy, etc. The first study of the corrosion appearance of a case should divide corrosion into uniform and localized corrosion. Localized corrosion can be further identified as macroscopic or microscopic local corrosion. Microscopic attack refers to a minute amount of dissolved metal, accompanied by considerable damage, before the phenomenon becomes visible to the naked eye. 

The most commonly employed method of inventory control is the visual inspection method. This method requires the pharmacist, or other designated personnel, to visually inspect the number of items remaining on a shelf. From this number, the person then determines whether there is adequate inventory or whether an order should be placed. The person may use the ROP and EOQ to help determine whether an order should be placed and the quantity of fhe order. This is a fixed-quantity reorder system, in which the date of reordering varies but the quantity remains the same. 

A series of studies in Sydney is underway, attempting to identify markers of early disease using both visual inspection and the SCS method. Visual inspection of the MRS data indicated in 11% of cases that the routine histopathology was incorrect, due to incomplete examination of the tissue specimen. As a consequence, the pathology of these and another 15% of cases were reviewed blind. The tissues examined by MRS were serially sectioned, and sections every 100 pm were examined. The inaccuracy of routine hospital pathology procedures, where 5 pm sections at only two or three levels are examined, was highlighted. 

Physical methods Visual inspection Whole grains, Qualitative only high-level... 

Visual inspection of adhesives is performed on both uncured and cured samples. Uncured materials are inspected for uniformity of filler distribution, consistency, and adhesive coverage. Inspection methods are defined in paragraphs 3.4.1 and 3.8.3 of Method 5011.4 of MIL-STD-883F. ... 

General corrosion control, prevention, and monitoring should be planned for from the onset. To detect and monitor corrosion, various methods must be used, while corrosion protection would be done by the addition of inhibition and use of protection coatings [5]. Visual examination, laser methods, the replication microscopy liquid penetration testing method, magnetic particles testing, the eddy current inspection method, acoustic emission technique, thermal methods of inspection, and nondestructive methods are the various methods to be adopted when monitoring pipeline corrosion [5]. 

The spectra can become quite complex when the nuclear quadrupole coupling is appreciable, as for nitric oxide (NO) introduced into Na-A zeolite discussed in Chapter 6. It is also known that NO tends to dimerize forming an 5 = 1 species under these conditions [39]. A triplet state complex is formed interacting with one or more Na nuclei in the zeolite [40]. The spectrum obtained after FT of the three-pulse ESEEM signal in Fig. 2.22 is difficult to analyze by visual inspection. Methods to obtain the hyperfine and quadrupole couplings by simulations are described in Chapter 3. 

For calibration, if the cumulative volume of liquid is larger than 1 pL, the volume weighing method is suggested. But for calibration of single-droplet volume, the visual inspection method is simpler. 

PVB and cationic PVB was blended with poly(vinyUdene fluoride) (PVDF). These blends were used to fabricate hydrophihc ultrafiltration membranes (32). A visual inspection method and a glass transition temperature method were applied to study the miscibility of the blends. PVDF is immiscible with PVB, but with cationic PVB it is partially miscible. 

Inspection requirements and methods must be defined for the TBS. Inspection is assisted by the transparency of the molten salts, but still must be performed at elevated temperature. Visual inspection is assumed to be possible using actively cooled, submersible camera systems with sapphire viewing windows. Other inspection methods may also be adaptable to the TBS but have not as yet been evaluated. Here it is assumed that corrosion of carbon-based materials (particularly C/C 0-rings) will be sufficiently slow that inspection of flexible C/C seals between blocks will not be required over the life of the TBS. 

Kruse et al. (1983) tested zinc tubes and steel pipe specimens with different zinc coatings. All specimens were corroded in Dortmund tap water in 11 test lines containing hot water at approximately 60°C and cold water, with both discontinuous and continuous flow in certain tests there were occasional additions of polyphosphates or orthophosphates. One test line was operated with warm water from a water heater, with cathodic protection of the reservoir by the Guldager method. Visual inspection, as well as the deter-... 

The most common method of power line inspection is visual assessment, performed from the groimd by foot-patrol or from the air during routine aerial (helicopter) surveillance. This is a very efficient method, but must be used in conjimction with instrumental, chemical, biological, electrical, and electrochemical methods, followed by laboratory failure ainalysis to obtain a true picture of the hne condition. 

DOT and TC state that results of required periodic inspections of a cylinder must be recorded, and a copy kept by the owner or the owner s authorized agent either until the expiration of the retest period or until the cylinder is again reinspected or retested, whichever occurs first [1, 2]. Also, a cylinder that passes the re-qualification procedure must have the date permanently stamped on the cylinder in the prescribed manner. Note An E is to follow the date (month and year) when requalification by the visual external inspection method is allowed in lieu of hydrostatic retesting. 

The wipe test is used to detect contaminants on visually inaccessible areas as an aid in complementing the above visual inspections. The surface is rubbed lightly with a clean white paper or lint-free cloth that is then examined under white and ultraviolet light. The area should not be rubbed hard enough to remove any oxide film, since this could be confused with actual surface contamination. The item being examined must be recleaned if an unacceptable amount of foreign material is detected by this inspection method. 

There are computer-based visual inspection methods, referred to as automatic optical inspection (AOl). AOI equipment compares the board or its innerlayers to expected data and/or design mles that have been programmed into the controlhng computer.These can be generaUy... 

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