Information technology implementation

About the Author Dr. Mosavin is Chair of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Associate Professor in the Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science at Loma Linda University s School of Pharmacy. Dr. Mosavin received a B.S. in Pharmacy from the University of Kansas, a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences from the University of Wisconsin—Madison, and an MBA from the University of Chicago. Dr. Mosavin has experience in pharmaceutical industry, hospital pharmacy, and ambulatory care pharmacy settings. His research interests encompass economic evaluation of health care delivery systems and the role of pharmacists in these systems (especially as it relates to management of chronic diseases by pharmacists). Another key area of his research is analysis of economic gains achieved by health information technology implementation in ambulatory care pharmacy practice. 

Organizational behavior problems can arise when integrating information technology into pharmacy practice. These often occur when stakeholders (i.e., employees and patients who interact with these systems) are not provided appropriate training before or after information technology implementation. The intended outcomes of information technology integration into pharmacy operations can occur only if there is... 

Any company competing in the world economy needs the flexibihty to accept orders on a worldwide basis and then assign them to individual plants to be filled. Such a function is logically implemented within the corporate-level information technology framework. 

Implementing this level of automation intelligence has been the most difficult to realize within manufacturing industries. That is, while automation controls integration of simple univariate instruments (e.g., a hlter photometer) is seamless, it is much more problematic for multivariate or spectral instruments. This is due to the tower of babble problem with various process spectroscopic instraments across process instrument manufactures. That is, the communications protocols, wavelength units and hie formats are far from standardized across spectral instruments, even within a particular class of techniques such as vibrational spectroscopy. Several information technology (IT) and automation companies have recently attempted to develop commercialized solutions to address this complex problem, but the effectiveness of these solutions has yet to be determined and reported. 

An implementation group was established to implement the recommendations, which were all accepted in principle. A key recommendation is to pubhsh the Schedule of Pharmaceutical Benefits electronically to enable monthly listing updates. This will require significant upgrading of the department s information technology systems. It will take some time to fully implement all the recommendations. 

The information technology demands of Part D remain unclear as they relate to electronic prescribing and its impact on pharmacy. Currently, pharmacies interact with PDPs electronically to determine eligibility and adjudicate claims. The MMA directed the Secretary of Health and Human Services to establish federal standards for e-prescribing. Five pilot studies conducted in 2005-2006 tested six standards, showing that three standards are ready for implementation. Standards related to prior authorization, structured... 

SIG (prescription instructions), and RxNorm (standard name, dose, and form availability) were not considered ready for implementation because of numerous approaches used in these three areas across health information technology. Electronic prescribing is not required under MMA, but plans are to have it available should providers choose to use it. As standards are developed, the adoption of e-prescribing is expected to improve patient safety by reducing prescribing and dispensing errors (Agency for Healthcare Research Quality, 2007). 

Strategic risk is the first and foremost risk confronted by pharmacies implementing information technology. To make any information technology project successful in the long run, pharmacies must assess the compatibility of the technology with their mission and goals... 

REACH-IT RIP RRS SAICM REACH-Information Technology REACH implementation project(s) Risk reduction strategy(ies) UNEP Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management... 

Public health surveillance is an essential process for detection of biological events. The traditional notifiable disease reporting system remains an important component of infectious diseases surveillance however, new approaches are being implemented that may enhance capabilities for early detection of events. The increasing availability of electronic health data and advances in information technologies provide opportunities for active, real-time surveillance systems (Teich et al., 2002). Syndromic surveillance systems that rely on alternative health indicators and detection of unusual patterns have... 

Current technologies, implemented in the laboratories, have aheady improved the knowledge basis in early discovery and development however, more is to come. Genomic and in silico techniques, once validated, will be able to provide information economically and with a broader spectrum of detailed information on the mechanism or pathway affected. 

Beyster MA, Hardison DH, Lubin GM. 2005. Improving clinical trials by implementing information technology. Where will you be in three years SAIC. Accessed September 15, 2005, at http //www.saic.-com/life-sciences/pdfs/mcv.pdf. 

It is useful to understand the steps of the software development life cycle (SDLC) during a project. In fact, this approach is commonly used for implementation and validation even when commercial off-the-shelf software is involved [104]. It is also important to consider the economic aspects of the automation project [105]. A 10-step guide to success that emphasizes clearly defined project control in outsourced automation/information technology projects has been published [106]. 

A chemical process system comprises of a set of interconnected physical, chemical, biological and even information technological unit processes. The functional task of a chemical process system is the transformation of the type, properties and composition of given raw materials to result in a desired material product with given specifications. This transformation process is implemented in a process plant which consists of various pieces of equipment dedicated to one or more related unit processes in order to achieve the sequence of... 

From the analysis of a certain number of design processes, it should be possible to define improved standard processes (6), which have proven to be effective and can serve as some kind of template for future projects. Such standard processes could be directly implemented (8) without the use of information technology A project manager, for example, can use standard work processes to organize his project, or a designer can employ a certain design procedure to design a process unit. 

Braunschweig, B., Irons, K., Koller, J., Kuckelberg, A., Pons, M. CAPE-OPEN (CO) standards Implementation and maintenance. In Proceedings of the 2 IEEE Conference on Standardization and Innovation in Information Technology, pp. 335-.3.38 (2001)... 

The first priority of a regulatory group should be the establishment of SOP on SOPs —that is, how they are to be created, reviewed, implemented, and revised. If a policy applies across corporate groups including information technology,... 

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