Diseases notifiable

Several types of data are routinely collected related to infectious disease surveillance, including morbidity, mortality, and health indicator data (CDC, 1992). Each state has requirements for mandatory reporting by health care providers and facilities, including laboratories, of cases of notifiable infectious diseases. There is a national notifiable disease list as well, for which reporting is voluntary, with data compiled through the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (CDC, 2004d, 2006). 

Passive in a passive system, health care providers or institutions initiate case reports, which are compiled at the local level and subsequently at state and national levels (CDC, 1992). The National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS) in an example. An important point is that it is only after individual case reports are compiled that an outbreak may be apparent (Bres, 1986), so timely reporting is essential for effective control. 

The list of nationally notifiable diseases is available at http //www.cdc.gov/epo/dphsi/phs/ infdis.htm. 

Public health surveillance is an essential process for detection of biological events. The traditional notifiable disease reporting system remains an important component of infectious diseases surveillance however, new approaches are being implemented that may enhance capabilities for early detection of events. The increasing availability of electronic health data and advances in information technologies provide opportunities for active, real-time surveillance systems (Teich et al., 2002). Syndromic surveillance systems that rely on alternative health indicators and detection of unusual patterns have... 

How does syndromic surveillance differ from traditional notifiable disease surveillance ... 

For your community, identify the process that is used to report a notifiable disease to the local health department. 

Plague is a nationally notifiable disease and represents a potential public bealtb emergency due to the extreme infectivity of Y. pestis as well as mortality rates associated with plague. Local and state health departments should be notified if the presence of plague is suspected or confirmed. 

Thlaremia is a nationally notifiable disease, and its significant infectivity via inhalation makes this agent a potential choice for bioterrorism. As for other Category A agents, any suspected or confirmed case of tularemia is an indication for immediate notifications of the hospital infection control officer, and local and state health departments. 

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2000b). Summary of notifiable diseases—United States 2000. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 49, 1-102. 

This link leads to the summary reports of notifiable diseases in the United States from 1993 to 2005. Go to http //www.cdc.gov/mmwr/summary.html. Select the 2000 issue. Scroll down to Part I Summaries of Notifiable Diseases in the United States, 2000. Use the data in Table 2, which gives cases by geographic region, to make a list of states with reported cases of plague for that year. Similarly, make a list of states with reported cases of plague in 1999 and 2001. 

Disseminate notifiable disease information and reporting requirements and procedures to health care providers on a periodic basis. 

Sununary of notifiable diseases, United States, 1998. MMWR 1998 47 1. 

Krause, G., Ropers, G., Stark, K. 2005. Notifiable disease surveillance and practicing physicians. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 11 442-445. 

A clinical decision support system should report at the foot of the screen all possible notifiable diseases, or diseases of current epidemic concern, for which the patient s current symptoms form a suggestive subset. For example, in the case of anthrax these are fever, general discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling (malaise), headache, shortness of breath, cough, congestion of the nose and throat, pneumonia, joint stiffness, and joint pain. But such symptoms are not confined to anthrax infection, and the physician will need to take samples for tests, and pause for results if there is no reason to suspect anthrax because of exposure to infected humans, animals, or other sources. The tests will include blood cultures positive for anthrax, chest X ray, serologic test for anthrax, and spinal tap for CSF culture and analysis. 

M. Morton and R. Marshall, Public interest versus confidentiality in notifiable diseases (Letter), The Lancet, 343 359 (February 5), 1994. 

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, a species of bacteria that is distributed globally. In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries. Because the disease is underreported, scientists cannot reliably assess how many cases of Q fever have actually occurred worldwide. Many human infections are inapparent. 

SURVEILLANCE National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System... 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) oversees a large number of passive infectious disease surveillance systems. These systems are based on voluntary collaboration with state and local health departments, which in turn depend on physician-initiated reports of specific diseases or information from state health laboratories regarding bacterial or viral isolates. The best known system is the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System, which the CDC describes as the backbone of collaborative reporting procedures involving clinicians, state, and local health departments, and the CDC. Clinicians, hospitals, and laboratories... 

Notifiable disease A disease that a physician is required to report to public health officials. 

By 1948, the Certifying Surgeons had become Appointed Factory Doctors and numbered over 1800. They examined young people under the age of 18, investigated patients suffering from notifiable diseases and carried out periodic medical examinations on people employed in specific dangerous trades. The Appointed Factory E)octor system was replaced by the... 

A number of eoirntries have introduced legislation to ensme that some diseases do not spread and become a serious threat. In the UK potato wart disease, brown rot and ring rot in potatoes are three examples of notifiable diseases whieh are subject to quarantine measures. Potato wart disease has been controlled by these statutory measmes and some contaminated fields where potatoes were prohibited from being grown are now being found to be free from the disease and are being de-scheduled. 

Pea bacterial blight (Pseudomonas syringae) is an important notifiable disease of peas. In order to minimise the likelihood of contamination, all pea seed crops must be isolated from other pea crops by at least 50 m. 

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