Industrial solvents acetal

Ethanol (industrial solvent used in preparation of ethyl acetate unleaded gasoline additive)... 

Uses. Industrial solvent for cellulose acetate resins, vinyl resins, rubber, and waxes solvent-sealer for polyvinyl chloride in printing industry coating solvent in audio and videotape production... 

Table 9.2 summarizes the uses of acetic acid. Vinyl acetate is another top 50 chemical. Acetic anhydride is used to make cellulose acetate and at times has been in the top 50 chemicals itself. Cellulose acetate is a polymer used mainly as a fiber in clothing and cigarette filters. Ethyl acetate is a common organic solvent. Acetic acid is used as a solvent in the manufacture of terephthalic acid (TA) and dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), which are monomers for the synthesis of poly(ethylene terephthalate), the polyester of the textile industry. A minor household use of acetic acid is as a 3-5% aqueous solution, which is called vinegar. 

The industrial solvent ethyl acetate is produced by reaction of acetic acid with ethanol ... 

Species of Clostridium have been used on a very large scale for the production of industrial solvents such as acetone and butanol. Many clostridia ferment sugars with the formation of carbon dioxide, hydrogen and butyric acid. Some of them convert butyric acid to butanol and the acetic acid to ethanol and acetone. The acetone-butanol process by Clostridium acetobutylicum expanded after its introduction just before World War I. Although the industry has now been almost totally replaced by the synthetic production from oil, it may again be of interest for the production of renewable monomers. 

Acetic acid 30-80 Extraction, distillation Food and chemical industries (solvent, raw material)... 

Some esters have characteristic fruity smells and are generally used as excellent industrial solvents. Esters like ethyl ethanoate, also called ethyl acetate, are used as a solvents for glues. It is this compound that glue sniffers love. Unfortunately they do not realize that it kills off brain cells and can eventually lead to death. 

Some industrial solvents are found on the Proposition 65 Hst. As of January 1, 1993 (2), benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methjlene chloride, 1,4-dioxane, 2-nitropropane, and perchloroethylene have been Hsted as substances known to the state of California to cause cancer. Ethji alcohol in alcohoHc beverages, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethjiene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, and toluene are Hsted as substances known to the state of California to cause reproductive toxicity. Because the Hst is being expanded periodically, it is necessary for a user of industrial solvents to maintain awareness of the Proposition 65 Hst. 

USE Solvent for cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, celluloid, fats, oils, waxes, resins. As a preservative in pharmaceutical prepns. In some antifreeze solns and in hydraulic fluids. Caution Narcotic in high concns. Irritating to mucous membranes. Kidney and liver injury as well as anemia have been prodnced in exptl animals E. Browning, Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents (Elsevier, New York, 1965) pp 389-392. 

In 2005, about 650 million liters (170 million gallons) of ethyl alcohol were produced by the phosphoric acid method. Of that amount, 60 percent was used for industrial solvents in the manufacture of toiletries and cosmetics, coatings and inks, detergents and household cleaners, pharmaceuticals, and other products. The remaining 40 percent was used in the preparation of other chemical compounds, including ethyl acrylate, vinegar, ethylamines, ethyl acetate, glycol ethers, and miscellaneous materials. 

MAJOR USES Used as an industrial solvent for cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, oils, resins, waxes, dyes, other organic and inorganic compounds used as a stabilizer in chlorinated solvents. 

OTHER COMMENTS used as an industrial solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, various gums, waxes, resins, and oils other uses include lacquers, photographic film, and textile pnnting. 

NFPA Health 1, Flammability 3, Reactivily 0 Uses Industrial solvent mfg. of formaldehyde, acetic acid, dimethyl tereph-thalate, methyl esters chemical synthesis antifreeze solvent for nitrocellulose, polyvinyl butyral, shellac, rosin, manila resin, dyes, paints, waterborne coatings plastics softener denaturanL solvent in cosmetics octane booster in gasoline as fuel for picnic stoves, soldering torches extractant for animal/veg. oils extraction solvent for hops extract, spice oleoresins (foods) pharmaceutical solvent, excipient in food-pkg. adhesives in paper/paperboard in contact with dry food defoamer in food-contact coatings and paper/paperboard solvent in food-contact PRO resins... 

Industrial Solvents Handbook Table 11.4 DOWANOL Glycol Ethers and Acetates (23)... 

S20 Industrial Solvents Handbook Table 15.8 isopropyl Acetate (2)... 

Industrial Solvents Handbook Table 16.23 Methylene Chloride vs Ethyl Acetate (56)... 

Uses Industrial solvent mfg. of formaldehyde, acetic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, methyl esters chemical synthesis antifreeze solvent for nitrocellulose, polyvinyl butyral, shellac, rosin, manila resin, dyes, paints, waterborne coatings plastics softener denaturant, solvent in cosmetics octane booster in gasoline as... 

In the packaging printing industry solvents like ethyl acetate, ethanol, ketones, tetrahydrofuran (THF), hexane and toluene are used in printing. The solvent laden air generally contains between 2 and 15 g/m of solvent and, depending on the season, 5-18 g/m of water. 

We will begin with the carbonylation of Mel which in situ is generated from MeOH for acetic acid production because of its industrial importance. Acetic acid is an important chemical commodity with a wide range of appUcations in organic chemistry. In organic synthesis, acetic acid is mainly used as a raw material for vinyl acetate monomers and acetic anhydride synthesis, as well as a solvent for producing terephthalic acid from xylene via the oxidation process. In 1998 the world s capacity of acetic acid production was approximately 7.8 milUon tons, of which more than 50 % were produced by BP-Amoco and Celanese. 

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