Immunization intradermal

Antibody Production A thick emulsion of the immunogen (clonazepam-bovine-serum-albumin-con-jugate) is prepared employing complete Freund s adjuvant and two New Zealand white female rabbits are immunized intradermally at multiple sites with the immunogen emulsion. The animals are then administered... 

T0 raise antibodies against SO-Hb, BALB/c mice were immunized intraderm-ally on days 0, 7, and 21 with SO-modified mouse hemoglobin (1-2 SO residues/Hb tetramer) with 100 /rg conjugate in 2X RIBI (Ribi Immunochemical Res. Inc., Hamilton, MT) adjuvant. On day 28, the mice were bled via the tail vein and the sera screened against SO-modified mouse and human hemoglobin and unmodified human hemoglobin. 

Adjuvant effect on stimulation of IgC Comparison of purified Quillaja saponaria saponins to other adjuvants. CD-1 mice (5 per group) were immunized intradermally with 10 fig cytochrome b5 and the indicated adjuvant The alum formulation consisted of 400 pg of aluminium hydroxide per dose. All saponins (QS-7, QS-17, QS-18, and QS-21) were used at 20 fig per dose. El A titers were determined after two immunizations. The results are expressed as the mean of loglO titers for individual mice per group. The error bar is 1 standard deviation. Reprinted from [13], with permission from The American Association of Immunologists. 

Mice were immunized intradermally with irradiated collagenese-dissoc-iated UV 2237 tumor cells, with or without poly(ICLC). Ten days later spleen cells were exposed to target cells, a 75Se methionine labeled clone of UV 2237, and the amount of released radioactivity released in the cultures of cells from animals that had received poly(ICLC) was measured. 3 Spleen cells from mice immunized with tumor cells show an increase in specific cytoxic activity as compared to spleen cells from mice inoculated with salt solution. Poly(ICLC) further enhanced the development of specific cytotoxic activity. 3... 

Immunization and Antibody Production The immunogen 3-hemisuccinyloxyflurazepam, is emulsified with complete Freund s adjuvant. It is injected intradermally into two female New Zealand albino (white) rabbits. Repeated doses are administered twice at interval of two weeks. Subsequently, booster injections of the thick-immunogen-emulsion-paste are administered after a span of 6-weeks. The antibody is harvested when its titer level is high enough, diluted to the suitable-level and employed in the RIA. 

Immunization and Antibody Production The lypphilized immunogen obtained above is dissolved in normal saline and emulsified with equal volumes of complete Freund s adjuvant into a thick paste. Three New Zealand albino rabbits are immunized with the immunogen-paste through intradermal injections. The process is repeated twice at 2-weeks intervals followed by booster doses at monthly intervals. The antiserum is harvested when the plasma titer value is attained maximum. 

The delayed type hypersensitivity response (DTH) is an assay frequently used to assess the T cell response to commonly encountered microbial antigens. It involves intradermal injection of antigens to which the majority of individuals are immune (known as recall antigens) such as vaccinia, herpes simplex, and mumps viruses, Candida, and tetanus toxoid. In normal individuals, after 24-48 hours, an inflammatory filtrate results in local edema and induration, the diameter of which can be measured. A negative reaction to all the antigens (anergy) is usually reflected by decreased lymphocyte function as measured in vitro and is frequently seen in AIDS and ARC patients. 

The test is started with an intradermal and/or epidermal application of the test substance, using the induction dose on young adult guinea pigs of either gender. In the case of female animals, these have to be nulliparous and nonpregnant. For 5 days prior to the test, animals are kept at (20 3)°C with 30-70% relative humidity, conventional laboratory diet, and unlimited access to water. The induction dose is administered to the shoulder region and is followed by the induction period (10-14 days), in which the animals can rest and a possible immune response may develop. It should be noted that the location of the induction dose is kept occluded for the first 48 h after administration. 

The prophylactic antitumor efficiency was tested by injecting 12 mice twice in seven days with AVE 3 TRP-2 (10 pg TRP-2) and AVE 3 1826 CpG (1.3 pg CpG) intradermally the control group remained untreated. Seven days after the last immunization 2 x 10 B16 tumor cells in 200 pL HBSS were injected into the tail vein of each mouse. Twenty days after tumor inoculation, the animals were sacrificed and the metastases in the prepared lungs counted. As Table 2 shows, the liposomal vaccination has a significant effect on the tumor growth in comparison to untreated animals. This is also reflected by the visual appearance of the lungs (data not shown). 

There are a number of models for detecting allergic contact dermatitis in guinea pigs. The maximisation test developed by Magnussun and Kligman is the most widely used and employs both an intradermal and topical sensitisation phase, together with the non-specific stimulation of the immune system by the intradermal injection of Freund s complete adjuvant. 

Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (Menomune A/C/Y/ W-135) Uses Immunize against N. meningitidis Action Active immunization Dose Adults Peds >2 y. 0.5 mL SQ (not IM, intradermally, IV) may repeat... 

Degano, P., Schneider, J., Hannan, C.M., Gilbert, S.C. and Hill, A.V. (1999) Gene gun intradermal DNA immunization followed by boosting with modified vaccinia virus Ankara enhanced CD8+ T cell immunogenicity and protective efficacy in the influenza and malaria models. Vaccine, 18, 623-632. 

Haensler, J., Verdelet, C., Sanchez, V., Girerd-Chambaz, Y., Bonnin, A., Trannoy, E., Krishnan, S. and Meulien, P. (1999) Intradermal DNA immunization by using jet-injectors in mice and monkeys. Vaccine, 17, 628-638. 

Raz, E., Carson, D.A., Parker, S.E., Parr, T.B., Abai, A.M., Aichinger, G. etal. (1994) Intradermal gene immunization the possible role of DNA uptake in the induction of cellular immunity to viruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 91, 9519-9523. 

Be sure to inject the collagen/CFA emulsion intradermally, as depth of injection (e.g., subcutaneous vs. intradermal) can influence the immune response. 

Sorkin, L. S., and McAdoo, D. J. (1993). Amino acid and serotonin are released into the lumbar spinal cord of the anesthetized cat following intradermal capsaicin injections. Brain Res. 607, 89-98. Strauss, U., Wissel, K., Jung, S., Wulff, H., Hansel, W., Zhu, J, Rolfs, A, and Mix, E. (2000). K+ channel-blocking alkoxypsoralens inhibit the immune response of encephalitogenic T line cells and lymphocytes from Lewis rats challenged for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunopharmacology 48, 51-63. 

Baldwin, S.L., Bertholet, S., Kahn, M., Zharkikh, I., Ireton, G.C., Vedvick, T.S., Reed, S.G., Coler, R.N. Intradermal immunization improves protective efficacy of a novel TB vaccine candidate. 

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