ICP-MS inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy

XRD, X-ray diffraction XRF, X-ray fluorescence AAS, atomic absorption spectrometry ICP-AES, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry ICP-MS, Inductively coupled plasma/mass spectroscopy IC, ion chromatography EPMA, electron probe microanalysis SEM, scanning electron microscope ESEM, environmental scanning electron microscope HRTEM, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy LAMMA, laser microprobe mass analysis XPS, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy RLMP, Raman laser microprobe analysis SHRIMP, sensitive high resolution ion microprobe. PIXE, proton-induced X-ray emission FTIR, Fourier transform infrared. 

Table 5.2 Summary of selected analytical methods for molecular environmental geochemistry. AAS Atomic absorption spectroscopy AFM Atomic force microscopy (also known as SFM) CT Computerized tomography EDS Energy dispersive spectrometry. EELS Electron energy loss spectroscopy EM Electron microscopy EPR Electron paramagnetic resonance (also known as ESR) ESR Electron spin resonance (also known as EPR) EXAFS Extended X-ray absorption fine structure FUR Fourier transform infrared FIR-TEM Fligh-resolution transmission electron microscopy ICP-AES Inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry ICP-MS Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union. O Day PA (1999) Molecular environmental geochemistry. Rev Geophysics 37 249-274. Copyright 1999 American Geophysical Union...

Major and trace element concentrations in the acidified samples were determined via ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) and ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy) at the GSC s Geochemistry Research Laboratory. Dissolved anion concentrations were measured by 1C (ion chromatography) on the unacidified samples, also at the GSC s Geochemistry Research Laboratory. Characterization of the sediment mineralogy and texture by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) is ongoing. 

Figure 5.2 The EPA procedure for the acid digestion of sediments, sludges and soils using a hot-plate GFAAS, graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy FAAS, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ICP-AES, inductively coupled plasma-atomic absorption spectroscopy [1],...

QFAAS, quartz-furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy FPD, flame photometric detection MS, mass spectrometry ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. 

Note AAS Atomic absorption spectroscopy ICP-MS Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry MAFF Ministry of agriculture fisheries and food HPLC-UV High performance liquid chromatography with UV detection ASV Anodic stripping voltammetry CSV Cathodic stripping voltammetry. 

The most popular instrumental methods available for cation analysis are r id and sensitive spectroscopic methods like AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy), ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy), and ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry), as well as electrochemical methods such as polarography and anodic stripping voltammetry. 

Ion chromatography plays a very important role in hyphenated techniques used in species analysis. Coupling techniques represent the link of ion chromatography systems with an independent analytical detection method, usually spectroscopic (AAS-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, ICP-AES-lnductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, ICP-MS-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry ). 

During the last decades methods such as Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS), and Resonance Ionization Mass spectrometry (RIMS) have decreased the need for selective radiochemical procedures. Many long-lived radionuclides today have lower detection limits if using, e.g., ICP-MS than if performing radiometric measurements with reasonable measuring times. At present, the half-life limit is a few hundred years, i.e., nuclides with longer half-hfe (e.g., Tc, Np, or Pu) should preferably be measured by ICP-MS and more short-... 

The preferred method for the analysis of boron is inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) is the most widely used nonspectrophotometric method for analysis of boron, as it uses small volumes of sample, is fast, and applies to a wide range of materials. When ICP equipment is unavailable, colorimet-ric/spectrophotometric methods can be utilized. However, many of these methods are subject to interference and should be used with caution (WHO, 1998). Part of the discrepancy in the nutritional composition of boron may be related to differences in methods of analysis. 

Figure 1.13 Selected analytical techniques used for metallomics studies. ICP-OES, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, ICP-MS, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry LA-ICP-MS, laser ablation ICP-MS XRF, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy PIXE, proton induced X-ray emission NAA, neutron activation analysis SIMS, secondary ion mass spectroscopy GE, gel electrophoresis LC, liquid chromatography GC, gas chromatography MS, mass spectrometry, which includes MALDI-TOF-MS, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry and ESI-MS, electron spray ionization mass spectrometry NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance PX, protein crystallography XAS, X-ray absorption spectroscopy NS, neutron scattering.

ICP/MS. inductively coupled plasma and mass spectrometry used as a combined technique ICR. ion cyclotron resonance (spectroscopy)... 

The major anions and cations in seawater have a significant influence on most analytical protocols used to determine trace metals at low concentrations, so production of reference materials in seawater is absolutely essential. The major ions interfere strongly with metal analysis using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and must be eliminated. Consequently, preconcentration techniques used to lower detection limits must also exclude these elements. Techniques based on solvent extraction of hydrophobic chelates and column preconcentration using Chelex 100 achieve these objectives and have been widely used with GFAAS. 

The Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association (NiPERA) is sponsoring research on the application of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) to isotopic analysis of nickel in biological samples, on the development of sampling instrumentation for assessing workers exposure to nickel in the nickel industry, and on methods for utilizing newly developed analytical methods, such as laser beam ionization mass spectrometry, for the identification and speciation of nickel compounds in powders and dusts with particular reference to nickel refining. 

The ultimate test of the utility of activation analysis as an analytical technique is whether there are competitive technologies that have the advantages of activation analysis with fewer drawbacks. One candidate for this designation is inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). 

AAS = atomic absorption spectrometry GC/FID = gas chromatography/f1ame ignition detector GC/FPD = gas chromatography/f1ame photometric detector ICP/AES = inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy ICP/MS = inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometric detection... 

Maintaining the quality of food is a far more complex problem than the quality assurance of non-food products. Analytical methods are an indispensable monitoring tool for controlling levels of substances essential for health and also of toxic substances, including heavy metals. The usual techniques for detecting elements in food are flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AAS), hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG AAS), cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS) and neutron activation analysis (NAA). 

Drug A formulation lots were then examined for evidence of iron as well as other transition metal ions. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) was used initially in a semiquantitative scanning mode. This mode of detection allows for determination of the elements sodium through mercury with detection limits of about Ippb with absolute errors typically about 30%. The three manufactured batches shown in Table 3 were examined. With the exception of iron, no first-, second-or third-row transition metal ion was found in any lot at greater than 2 ppb. Most transition metals were undetectable. Iron, in contrast, was detected at between 10 and 30 ppb. Iron levels were quantitated more accurately by using the method of standard... 

Arslan Z. and Paulson A. J. (2002) Analysis of biogenic carbonates by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Flow injection on-hne sohd-phase preconcentration for trace element determination in fish otohths. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 372,116—7S5. 

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