Nickel industry

No increased risk metallic nickel Industrial plant United States nickel carbonyl Less than 0.5 mg/m3 13... 

The Nickel Producers Environmental Research Association (NiPERA) is sponsoring research on the application of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) to isotopic analysis of nickel in biological samples, on the development of sampling instrumentation for assessing workers exposure to nickel in the nickel industry, and on methods for utilizing newly developed analytical methods, such as laser beam ionization mass spectrometry, for the identification and speciation of nickel compounds in powders and dusts with particular reference to nickel refining. 

Hypnum moss, Hypnum cupressiforme, whole U.K. downwind of nickel industrial complex <3 km 8 km 25 km... 

See Coleman, The Nickel Industry, Department of Mines, Canada, 1913 Barlow, Report on the Nickel and Copper Deposits of Sudbury, Geol. Survey, Canada, 1907. 

For further details the reader is referred to the Report of the Royal Ontario Nickel Commission, Toronto, 1917 The Metallurgy of the Non-Ferrous Metals, by Gowland (Chas. Griffin and Oo., 2nd ed., 1918) Applied Electro-chemistry, by Allmand (Arnold, 1912 The Nickel Industry, by Coleman (Ottawa, 1913)... 

European Nickel Industry Association Kunstlaan, 13, 1210 Brussels, Belgium... 

An area of fewer than 1000 sq. miles in the Sudbury District of Ontario now entered the scene. Already in 1856 a Government Surveyor had reported the presence of ores there, but it was not until 1883, when the Canadian Pacific Railway was being extended westward from Sudbury, that the discovery assumed industrial importance. The first attraction was copper later the nickel content was noted and a nickel industry developed, which by 1905 succeeded in swamping that of New Caledonia. It is likely to maintain its foremost position long into the future as the area contains many millions of tons of ore. 

My friend, David Browne of Coppercliff, Ontario, was seeking information about his copper ore from the Coppercliff Mine. He sent samples to a number of assayers, and among others, to Mrs. Richards. All the others returned results in copper, and, I dare say, they did not know that they were to look for anything else. She, on the other hand, gave him a percent of copper in the ore and also reported five percent of nickel. This, I believe, was the beginning of the great nickel industry of which Coppercliff Mine was the center. David Browne always said that Mrs. Richards was the best analyst in the United States. ... 

R.A. Alcock, The Character and Resources Available to the Nickel Industry, Extractive Metallurgy of Nickel and Cobalt , Proceedings of a Symposium, The Metallurgical Society, C.P. Tyroler and C.A. Landolt Eds., 117th TMS Aimual Meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, (1988), 67-89. 

Commercially pure nickel cathode is produced by electrowiiming in either sulfate or chloride electrolyte, or a combination of both. Chloride based electrolyte systems generate chlorine gas at the anode The nickel industry to developed anode bag technology in order to capture chlorine gas at the source. Not only is the chlorine gas collected and removed from the operating environment in the cellhouse using anode bags, it is also returned upstream as an oxidant in the matte leaching process step. 

In most base metal cellhouse operations around the world, a combination of the previously discussed technologies is implemented [4, 16]. Most copper EW plants around the world operate with a surfactant and mist suppression balls on top of the electrolyte. This can be combined with cell hoods or cross flow ventilation. Some zinc EW plants have combined cross flow ventilation systems in the cellhouse, with the use of surfactants in the cells, but typically most zinc plants use surfactants only [2]. Cawse Nickel combined anode bags with cross flow ventilation, as shown in Figure 6 [10]. The nickel industry is now also using cell hoods [5],... 

The application of Ausmelt technology in the nickel industry has established commercial acceptance both in the smelting of nickel sulphide concentrate and in the converting of matte. 

Bacon, G. and Mihaylov, I. (2002) Solvent extraction as an enabling technology in the nickel industry Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 102 435-443... 

Outotec s Ausmelt Top Submerged Lance (TSL) Technology for the Nickel Industry.315... 

The Yabulu refinery of Queensland Nickel Industries (QNI) in Townsville, Australia, is the largest nickel SX plant in the world. The flow sheet (Figure 5.16) comprises... 

FIGURE 5.16 Simplified flow sheet of Queensland Nickel Industries process. 

Mikkelsen O, Skogvold SM, Schroder KH, Gjerde MI, Aarhaug TA (2003) Evaluations of solid electrodes for use in voltammetric monitoring of heavy metals in samples from metallurgical nickel industry. Anal Bioanal Chem 377 322... 

The Outokumpu flash smelting technology is well-known and has been widely applied in the processing of copper and nickel sulphide concentrates since the 1970s. There are now over 30 plants using this technology on a cotiunercial scale in the copper and nickel industries. Initial pilot tests with... 

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