High-pressure piping systems

A high-pressure piping system is not a well-defined group, such as classifications of steels or chemicals. One company could call a 250-psi line a high-pressure line, while another company might consider the same 250 psi to be a low-pressure line. Because of this ambiguity and based on interactions with various industries, it is the author s opinion that a high-pressure line typically operates in the vicinity of 1400—2200 psi. 

Rehabilitation of Pipelines Usdng Fiber reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites. htip //dx.dd.oi l0.1016(B978-0-85709-684-5.00007 2 

Rehabilitation of KpeUnes Using Fiber-reinforced Polymer (FRP) Conqtosites 

P = system pressure Sy = yield strength of steel Tw = pipe wall thickness /s = factor of safety against yield D = inside diameter of pipe 

If the factor of safety for a system is approximately 2 or less, then it should be eonsidered a high-pressure system. 

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Leak from nitric acid lines Injury to personnel Use stainless steel pipes of high-pressure rating covers on all flanged joints Design and construction as per high-pressure piping system. 

A pool type reactor avoids the need for a nuclear pressure vessel and high pressure piping system. 

The trend in nearly every component is to make things smaller, lighter, stronger, less expensive, and to dehver them at a faster rate with a greater performance envelope. Composite repair to high-pressure piping systems is not immune to this trend. Chemical compatibihty, corrosion resistance, and ease of application are all requirements that will need to be considered. 

The gas system did not inelude any storage other than pipeline paek and one relatively small high-pressure pipe-type holder. Therefore, pressures and flows in all areas of the system varied widely on a daily and seasonal basis. Several years of operating data were reviewed and analyzed to seleet a loeation that met the flow and pressure drop requirements for installation of an expander. Site seleetion also gave eonsideration to the requirements for eonneetion to the gas system, eonneetion to the eleetrie system, and sound attenuation measures neeessary to eliminate any impaet on the surrounding area. 

In addition, high temperature surfaces around cylinders and discharge piping are exposed. Compressors are notoriously noisy. For this reason, ear protection should be worn. When working around high-pressurized air systems, wear safety glasses and do not search for leaks with... 

A 381 Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission Systems [Note (2)]... 

High density PE (HDPE) is normally used for high-pressure pipes up to 20 bar for water and up to 7 bar for gas. Low density PE is used for lower pressure applications mainly in agriculture. Examples of applications are potable water up to 20 bar, gas up to 7 bar, surface water drainage systems, storm water drainage, cable ducting. 

Fryer, D. M., "High Pressure Safety System Analysis- A Proposed Method", Design, Inspection, and Operation of High Pressure Vessels and Piping Systems, PVP, Vol. 48. 

The low pressure piping on an RO skid is typically schedule 80 PVC. This includes the feed, low-pressure concentrate, and product piping. High pressure piping is typically schedule 10,316L stainless steel (suitable for waters with concentrate streams below 7,000 ppm TDS). Sanitary applications (such as food, pharmaceutical, or biotechnical processing—See Chapter 4.4.2.6) are generally all stainless to allow for disinfection of the system. 

The duplex grade stainless steels are also used in shell and tube-heat exchangers because of their high resistance to SCC and lower thermal expansion than austenitic steels. These steels are also used in high-pressure piping and also in systems requiring high-erosion resistance. 

Typical pressure vessels, e.g., as provided by the German gas company Messer Griesheim, are 50 1 steel bottles containing 8.9 Nm at a pressure of 20 MPa. For a large-scale consumption ( 250 Nm ), bundles of 28 bottles are used interconnected by high-pressure piping. Compressed natural gas (CNG) storage systems in cars have an experience of more than 3 million vehicle years of use with an excellent safety record [21]. The data base for H2-fueled vehicles is very limited thus far. 

Epoxy composites cured with IPD offer resistance to a wide range of chemicals up to about 100-120°C. They offer better corrosion resistance in general than polyesters, but in many respects they are not quite as good as epoxy vinyl esters. This is due to the presence in the cured resins of the more sensitive amine hardeners. They nevertheless outperform other resins in their resistance to water at temperatures above about 80°C. Because of the excellent mechanical properties associated with epoxy resins, they are the system of choice when high pressure pipes are required. 

There is increasing interest in hose forms of construction as a route to manufacturing reinforced thermoplastic pipes (RTP) on a continuous production basis. The most widely used high pressure hoses are composite structures intended to create a flexible, tubular connection within high-pressure fluid systems. The pressure containment is achieved by incorporating textile fibres or steel wires which can carry high stresses whilst the elastomeric or plastic components essentially protect the fibre or wire structures and act as a seal against fluid permeation. 

The typical ECCS for BWRs is also composed of three subsystems with equipment and flow path redundancy. The first subsystem is a high-pressure spray system that sprays water on the reactor core. For small pipe breaks, the high-pressure spray can maintain the water level in the reactor vessel so that the core remains covered. For larger breaks, this system cools the core by spraying water on the fuel rods. The second subsystem is a low-pressure spray system that delivers a large-volume water spray to the top of the core. The third subsystem is a low-pressure core injection system that provides a large flow of water to the reactor vessel to reflood and cover the core. 

High-pressure pipes, tanks, coatings for pipes, industrial and urban construction Fans, pieces for electrical, electronic, radio, telephone, large diameter pipes, household articles, gears, school furniture, vehicle construction, sport articles, etc. Compression moulded sheets, filter elements, extruded sheets, rods, waste water pipe systems, profiles... 

High pressure pipes, tubings and fittings cold and hot water distribution systems gas distribution systems liquid transport for industrial processes irrigation... 

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